Table of Contents
Preface xi
Part 1 Questions And Contexts 1
1 Why Latin America? 3
Contrast and Paradox 5
2 The Colonial Foundations 14
Prelude to Conquest 14
Colonial Spanish America 16
Portugueses America: A Different World? 23
Independence for Latin America 27
The Pull of the International Economy 40
Part 2 Cast Studies: Change Over Time 43
3 Mexico: The Taming of a Revolution 45
From Colony to Nationhood 45
The Mexican Revolution 54
Politics and Policy: Patterns of Change 58
The Contemporary Scene (1994-present) 75
4 Central America and the Caribbean: Within the U.S. Orbit 82
World Powers, the United States, and the Greater Caribbean 82
From Colonies to Nationhood 86
Overview: Economic Growth and Social Change 91
Politics and Policy: Panama 97
Politics and Policy: Nicaragua 100
Politics and Policy: El Salvador 104
Politics and Policy: Guatemala 108
Politics and Policy: The Dominican Republic 111
Politics and Policy: Haiti 113
Politics and Policy: Puerto Rico 117
5 Cuba: Key Colony, Socialist State 121
From Colony to Nationhood 121
Overview: Economic Growth and Social Change 124
Politics and Policy: Patterns of Change 128
The Cuban Revolution 132
Framing U.S. Policies 136
Policy Experimentation and Regime Consolidation 140
The Contemporary Scene (1990-present) 146
6 The Andes: Soldiers, Oligarchs, and Indians 150
From Colony to Nationhood 151
Overview: Economic Growth and Social Change 153
Politics and Policy: Peru 163
Politics and Policy: Bolivia 173
Politics and Policy: Ecuador 184
7 Colombia: Civility and Violence 191
From Colonyto Nationhood 191
Creating Political Parties 194
The Loss of Panama 197
Overview: Economic Growth and Social Change 198
Politics and Policies: Patterns of Change 203
The Contemporary Scene (1990-present) 211
8 Venezula: The Perils of Prosperity 219
From Colony to Nationhood 220
Gunoats and Diplomacy 224
Overview: Economic Growth and Social Change 226
Politics and Policy: Patterns of Change 230
The Contemporary Scene (1998-present) 236
9 Argentina: Progress and Stalemate 244
From Colony to Nationhood 244
Overview: Economic Growth and Social Change 248
Politics and Policy: Patterns of Change 253
The Contemporary Scene (1983-present) 271
10 Chile: Repression and Democracy 278
From Colony to Nationhood 278
Overview: Economic Growth and Social Change 280
Politics and Policy: Patterns of Change 284
The Contemporary Scene (1990-present) 304
11 Brazil: The Awakening Giant 306
From Colony to Nationhood 306
Overview: Economic Growth and Social Change 315
Politics and Policy: Patterns of Change 321
The Contemporary Scene (1994-present) 343
Part 3 Themes And Reflections 349
12 Strategies for Economic Development 351
Narratives of Backwardness 352
The Liberal Era (1880s-1920s) 353
Import-Substitution Industrialization (1930s-1970s) 358
The Socialist Alternative (1950s-1980s) 362
Neoliberalism-Once Dominant, Now Challenged (1980s-present) 368
13 Dynamics of Political Transformation 376
Oligarchic Rule and Top-Down Reform (1880s-1920s) 377
Populism and Dictatorship (1930s-1970s) 379
The Revolutionary Path (1950s-1980s) 386
A Renewal of Democracy (1980s-present) 389
Explorations in Comparative Analysis 394
14 Culture and Society 403
From Colonies to Nations 404
Literature, Art, and New Ideas in a World Economy 409
Nationalism, Radical Politics, and Turbulent Times 414
Latin America Culture Enters a World Market 423
Dictatorship, Democracy, and New Social Movements 431
Glossary 438
Guide to Website 443
Index 445
