Table of Contents

List of illustrations; List of figures; List of maps; Preface; Acknowledgements; List of abbreviations; Northumbria: map for general reference; Part I. The Kingdom of Northumbria: 1. Kingdoms, peoples and nations: Northumbria in context; 2. The kingdom of Northumbria: frontiers and heartlands; Part II. The Creation of Northumbria: 3. The Northumbrians: origins of a people; 4. Culture and identity in pre-Viking Northumbria; 5. The framework of power: government, aristocracy and the church; Part III. The Destruction of Northumbria: 6. The Northumbrian 'successor states' - (a) The fragmentation of Northumbria, 866/7–c. 1100; (b) The Viking kingdom of York: political transformation?; (c) The Viking kingdom of York: ethnic transformation?; (d) The Viking kingdom of York: cultural transformation?; (e) North of the river Tees: the 'liberty' of the community of St Cuthbert and the earls of Bamburgh; (f) Cumbria; 7. The English and Scottish impact: partition and absorption of the Northumbrian 'sucessor states' - (a) The west Saxon kings and the kings of England; (b) The kings of Scots and the origins of the Scottish border; (c) The Norman kings of England; (d) The shadow of the past; References; Index.