| Abbreviations | ix |
| Introduction | 1 |
| 1. | Aims and Objectives | 1 |
| 2. | The Importance of the City of Antioch in the History of the Church | 1 |
| 3. | History of Research | 3 |
| 4. | A Consideration of Terms Used in the Study | 7 |
| 5. | Outline of the Study | 10 |
| Part I | Gentiles in the Early Church and the Conflict in Antioch: The Evidence from Acts and Galatians | |
| Chapter 1 | The Conflict Between the Hellenists and the Hebrews in Jerusalem | 12 |
| 1. | Introduction | 12 |
| 2. | The Source of the Conflict | 12 |
| 3. | Jewish and Gentile Tablefellowship | 17 |
| 4. | Summary | 23 |
| Chapter 2 | An Examination of the Jewish-Gentile Church in Antioch | 24 |
| 1. | Introduction | 24 |
| 2. | An Examination of the Possibility of Gentile Salvation according to First Century CE Judaism | 25 |
| 3. | Summary | 35 |
| Chapter 3 | The Jerusalem Conference and the Incident in Antioch | 36 |
| 1. | Introduction | 36 |
| 2. | The Decision of the Jerusalem Conference | 36 |
| 3. | The Incident in Antioch: Galatians 2.11-14 | 42 |
| 4. | Excursus: Luke's Use of the Decree and Letter in Acts 15 | 50 |
| 5. | Summary | 51 |
| Part II | The Didache | |
| Chapter 4 | An Examination of the Place of Composition and Date of the Didache | 54 |
| 1. | Introduction | 54 |
| 2. | Place of Composition | 55 |
| 3. | The Date of the Didache | 57 |
| 4. | Summary | 76 |
| Chapter 5 | An Examination of Didache 1-10 in Light of the Situation in Antioch | 77 |
| 1. | Introduction | 77 |
| 2. | An Examination of the Two Ways Tradition in Didache 1-6 | 77 |
| 3. | The Purpose of the Two Ways Tradition | 78 |
| 4. | The Didachist's Redactions of the Two Ways Tradition: A Consideration of 1.3b-2.1 | 81 |
| 5. | The Didachist's Redactions of the Two Ways Teaching: A Consideration of 6.3 | 83 |
| 6. | An Examination of the Prohibition on Idol Food (Didache 6.3) | 87 |
| 7. | Didache 6.2-3: A Witness to the Pre-Lukan Source Used in Acts 15? | 87 |
| 8. | Didache 1-6 as Pre-Baptismal Catechetical Instruction | 90 |
| 9. | Chapter 8: The Polemic against the Hypocrites in Light of the Didachist's Concern with Gentiles in his Church | 91 |
| 10. | The Meal Prayers of Didache 9-10 | 94 |
| 11. | The Didachist's Redaction of the Eucharist Prayers of his Church in Light of the Gentile Situation in Antioch | 98 |
| 12. | Summary | 100 |
| Chapter 6 | An Examination of Didache 11-16 | 101 |
| 1. | Introduction | 101 |
| 2. | The Local Leaders of the Didachist's Church: An Examination of 15.1-2 | 101 |
| 3. | An Examination of the Household Structure and Role of the Patron in the Early Church | 102 |
| 4. | The Leadership Crisis in the Didachist's Church | 106 |
| 5. | The Identity of the Opponents in Chapter 11 | 109 |
| 6. | Summary | 115 |
| Part III | The Gospel of Matthew | |
| Chapter 7 | The Place of Composition and the Date of the Gospel | 118 |
| 1. | Introduction | 118 |
| 2. | The Location of the Gospel of Matthew | 118 |
| 3. | The Date of the Gospel of Matthew | 122 |
| 4. | Summary | 125 |
| Chapter 8 | The Place of Gentiles in the Gospel of Matthew | 126 |
| 1. | Introduction | 126 |
| 2. | Negative Statements concerning the Gentiles | 126 |
| 3. | The Place of the Law in Matthew | 136 |
| 4. | Gentiles and the Torah according to the Gospel of Matthew | 140 |
| 5. | Summary | 145 |
| Chapter 9 | Authority Figures in the Matthean Community | 146 |
| 1. | Introduction | 146 |
| 2. | Hierarchy in the Matthean Community | 146 |
| 3. | Summary | 154 |
| Conclusion | 156 |
| 1. | Summary | 156 |
| 2. | Developments in the Church through the Centuries | 162 |
| Bibliography | 165 |
| Index of References | 202 |
| Index of Authors | 211 |
