Divine Institutions: Religions and Community in the Middle Roman Republic

Divine Institutions: Religions and Community in the Middle Roman Republic

by Dan-el Padilla Peralta
Divine Institutions: Religions and Community in the Middle Roman Republic

Divine Institutions: Religions and Community in the Middle Roman Republic

by Dan-el Padilla Peralta

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Overview

How religious ritual united a growing and diversifying Roman Republic

Many narrative histories of Rome's transformation from an Italian city-state to a Mediterranean superpower focus on political and military conflicts as the primary agents of social change. Divine Institutions places religion at the heart of this transformation, showing how religious ritual and observance held the Roman Republic together during the fourth and third centuries BCE, a period when the Roman state significantly expanded and diversified.

Blending the latest advances in archaeology with innovative sociological and anthropological methods, Dan-el Padilla Peralta takes readers from the capitulation of Rome's neighbor and adversary Veii in 398 BCE to the end of the Second Punic War in 202 BCE, demonstrating how the Roman state was redefined through the twin pillars of temple construction and pilgrimage. He sheds light on how the proliferation of temples together with changes to Rome's calendar created new civic rhythms of festival celebration, and how pilgrimage to the city surged with the increase in the number and frequency of festivals attached to Rome's temple structures.

Divine Institutions overcomes many of the evidentiary hurdles that for so long have impeded research into this pivotal period in Rome's history. This book reconstructs the scale and social costs of these religious practices and reveals how religious observance emerged as an indispensable strategy for bringing Romans of many different backgrounds to the center, both physically and symbolically.


Product Details

ISBN-13: 9780691168678
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Publication date: 10/13/2020
Pages: 344
Product dimensions: 6.12(w) x 9.25(h) x (d)

About the Author

Dan-el Padilla Peralta is associate professor of classics at Princeton University. He is the author of Undocumented: A Dominican Boy's Odyssey from a Homeless Shelter to the Ivy League and the coeditor of Rome, Empire of Plunder: The Dynamics of Cultural Appropriation. Twitter @platanoclassics

Table of Contents

Abbreviations vii

List of Figures, Plates, and Tables ix

Acknowledgments xi

1 Introduction: One State, under the Gods 1

I The Middle Republic: Era of Transformations 5

II Periods and Periodicity 11

III Mid-Republican Religion as Stand-Alone Category 16

IV The Road 21

Part I Build

2 Temple Construction: From Vows to Numbers 31

I Why and How Were Temples Built? 34

II The Human Investment in Temples: Scale and Inputs 51

III Testing the Model: Internal and External Comparanda 64

IV Conclusion 76

3 Temples and the Civic Order: From Numbers to Rhythms 79

I Praeda and the Genesis of Infrastructural Power 81

II Public Goods A: Civic Upkeep 92

III Public Goods B: The Regularization of Festival Culture 114

IV Conclusion 126

Part II Socialize

4 Temples, Festivals, and Common Knowledge: From Rhythms to Identities 131

I Performative Festival Culture as Social Technology 141

II Dramatic Festival Culture and the Propagation of Knowledge: Three Studies 150

III Conclusion 175

5 Pilgrimage to Mid-Republican Rome: From Dedications to Social Networks 178

I Pilgrimage in Mid-Republican Italy: Prolegomena 182

II Anatomical Votives and Italy's Pilgrimage Networks 189

III Pottery and Pilgrims: The Religious Life of Souvenirs 202

IV Mid-Republican Pilgrimage as Network Activity 214

V Conclusion 227

6 Conclusion: Religion and the Enduring State 230

I Prodigy Expiation and State Coordination 231

II Rhythm and Quantity: The Magnitude of the Consensus 239

III Envoi 245

Appendix: The Pocola Deorum: An Annotated Catalog 247

References 257

Index 311

What People are Saying About This

From the Publisher

“Padilla Peralta’s exceptional rereading of the middle Republic fundamentally reshapes our understanding of central Italy in the period. Outstandingly original work.”—Christopher Smith, University of St Andrews

"Padilla Peralta makes the wide-ranging and often intriguing argument that, alongside politics, religion was the glue that held the Roman state together. Divine Institutions fills a niche in our understanding of the evolution of the Roman Republic and adds a new layer to considerations of how religion helps to form society."—Celia E. Schultz, author of Women's Religious Activity in the Roman Republic

"Divine Institutions presents a fascinating challenge to traditional historians of the Roman Republic. Setting aside unreliable political narratives and fanciful legends of heroic statecraft, Padilla Peralta directs a sharp gaze to matters that we can in fact know. Rome of the middle Republic emerges from his study as the product of immense human labor. Building Rome required the energy of thousands, and the Roman community emerged from this effort."—Clifford Ando, University of Chicago

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