Table of Contents

General Introduction xiii

Introduction xix

Social Class in the American South 1

Agriculture 57

American Revolution 61

Antiunionism and Right-to-Work Laws 66

Asian Americans 71

Black Elite and the Black Middle Class 78

Civil Rights Movement 80

Collective Memory 85

Crime and Punishment 87

Demagogues 92

Education 97

Environment 101

Ethnicity 105

Foodways 109

Free Blacks 112

Gender 118

Honor 122

Humor 128

Industrialization and Deindustrialization 136

Industrialization, Employment, and Organized Labor 140

Jews 144

Labor, Geography of 146

Latinos 252

Latino Workers 256

Literature 162

Lynching 166

Middle Class, Development of 172

Migration 176

Music 181

Place and Space 186

Political Behavior 190

Populist Movement 198

Poverty 201

Race and Labor, since 1865 209

Racial Attitudes 223

Radicalism 222

Radio, Television, and Film 227

Reconstruction and Redemption 230

Religion 235

Secession, the Confederacy, and the Civil War 239

Sharecropping and Tenancy 242

Slaveholders, Black 247

Slavery as a Class System 252

Social Reform, 1932-1954 255

Southern Identity 260

Sports 263

Stereotypes, Female 267

Stereotypes, Male 272

Sunbelt South 275

Tourism 283

Upper Class, White 287

Urbanization 290

Voting Rights 295

Welfare and Charity 301

Women, White, Working-Class 303

Women and Labor 306

Working Class, Black 310

American Federation of Labor 313

Anti-Semitism 315

Appalachia 317

Artisans 319

Bacon's Rebellion 321

Black Belt 322

Bluegrass Music 324

Blues Music 326

Braden, Carl, and Anne McCarty 328

Campbell, Will 330

Child Labor 332

Citizens' Councils 333

Civic and Historical Pageants and Pilgrimages 334

Clubwomen 337

Coal and Iron Workers 339

Congress of Industrial Organizations 341

Convict Lease System and Peonage 343

Country Music 346

Desertion during the Civil War 348

Fraternal Orders 350

Freedmen's Bureau 351

Gated Communities 353

General Textile Strike of 1934 357

Geophagia and Pica 357

Global South 358

Greenbackers 361

Hamer, Fannie Lou 363

Highlander Folk School / Highlander Research and Education Center 365

Hillbillies, Crackers, Rednecks, and White Trash 367

Horton, Myles 370

Hunting and Fishing 372

Indentured Servants 373

Indian Removal, 1800-1840 375

Industrial Workers of the World 376

In-Migration 378

Jacksonian Democracy 379

Jazz 381

Kester, Howard Anderson 383

King, Martin Luther, Jr. 385

Knights of Labor 386

Ku Klux Klan and Other White Racist Organizations 388

Longshoremen 390

Lumber Workers 391

Lumpkin, Grace 393

Lumpkin, Katharine Du Pre 393

Mardi Gras 394

Mason, Lucy Randolph 399

Memory, Appalachian 400

Migrant Workers 402

Military Academies 403

Mine, Mill, and Smelter Workers 407

Mitchell, H. L. 409

Nascar 410

New Deal 412

New South, 19th-Century 414

1938 Economic Report on the South 415

Oil Workers 417

Operation Dixie 419

Ozarks 421

Pellagra 423

Poultry Workers 425

Railroad Workers 427

Raper, Arthur 430

Rap Music 431

Readjusters 434

Regulator Movement 436

Rock 'n' Roll 437

Service Workers 439

Shape-Note Singing 441

Share Croppers' Union and Southern Tenant Farmers' Union 443

Socialism and Communism 444

Southern Conference for Human Welfare / Southern Conference Educational Fund 446

Southern Regional Council 448

Southern Student Organizing Committee 449

Spiritual and Gospel Music 451

Steelworkers 455

Textile Workers 457

Timber and Naval Stores 459

Tobacco Workers 462

Washington, Booker T. 464

Wells-Barnett, Ida B. 466

West, Don 468

Williams, Claude 469

Yeomanry 471

"You Might Be a Redneck If…" 472

Index of Contributors 475

Index 477