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9781473966833
Social Media: A Critical Introduction / Edition 2 available in Paperback
Social Media: A Critical Introduction / Edition 2
by Christian Fuchs
Christian Fuchs
- ISBN-10:
- 1473966833
- ISBN-13:
- 9781473966833
- Pub. Date:
- 03/21/2017
- Publisher:
- SAGE Publications
- ISBN-10:
- 1473966833
- ISBN-13:
- 9781473966833
- Pub. Date:
- 03/21/2017
- Publisher:
- SAGE Publications
Social Media: A Critical Introduction / Edition 2
by Christian Fuchs
Christian Fuchs
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Overview
Now more than ever, we need to understand social media - the good as well as the bad. We need critical knowledge that helps us to navigate the controversies and contradictions of this complex digital media landscape. Only then can we make informed judgements about what's happening in our media world, and why.
Showing the reader how to ask the right kinds of questions about social media, Christian Fuchs takes us on a journey across social media, delving deep into case studies on Google, Facebook, Twitter, Wiki Leaks and Wikipedia. The result lays bare the structures and power relations at the heart of our media landscape.
This book is the essential, critical guide for all students of media studies and sociology. Readers will never look at social media the same way again.
Product Details
ISBN-13: | 9781473966833 |
---|---|
Publisher: | SAGE Publications |
Publication date: | 03/21/2017 |
Edition description: | Second Edition |
Pages: | 400 |
Product dimensions: | 6.70(w) x 9.50(h) x 1.00(d) |
About the Author
Christian Fuchs is professor at and the Director of the University of Westminster’s Communication and Media Research Institute. He is also the Director of the Westminster Institute of Advanced Studies at the University of Westminster. He is editor of the journal /triple C: Communication, Capitalism & Critique/ (http://www.triple-c.at) and author of more than 300 publications in the field of the political economy and critical theory of media, communications and the Internet.He is a member of the European Sociological Association's Executive Committee. As well as /Social Media: A Critical Introduction/ (2014), he is the author of /Reading Marx in the Information Age: A Media and Communication Studies Perspective on Capital Volume 1/ (2016), /Culture and Economy in the Age of Social Media/ (2015), /Digital Labour and Karl Marx/ (2014), /Occupy Media! The Occupy Movement and Social Media in Crisis Capitalism/ (2014), /Foundations of Critical Media and Information Studies/ (2011), and /Internet and Society: Social Theory in the Information Age /(2008).
Table of Contents
1. What is a Critical Introduction to Social Media?Social Media and the Arab SpringSocial Media and the Occupy MovementUnpaid Work for the Huffington Post1.1. What is Social about Social Media?Information and CognitionCommunicationCommunityCollaboration and Cooperative WorkInformation, Communication, Collaboration and Community Are Forms of Sociality. But What is Now Social About Facebook?1.2. What is Critical Thinking and Why Does it Matter?PowerAsking Critical Questions about Social Media and the Arab SpringAsking Critical Questions about Social Media and the Occupy MovementAsking Critical Questions about Unpaid Work for the Huffington Post1.3. What is Critical Theory?You Want Me to Read Karl Marx? Are You Nuts? Why the Hell Should I Do That?So, You Tell Me That Marx Invented the Internet?How Can One Define Critical Theory?1) Critical Theory Has a Normative Dimension2) Critical Theory is a Critique of Domination and Exploitation3) Critical Theory Uses Dialectical Reasoning as a Method of Analysis4) Critical Theory is Connected to Struggles for a Just and Fair Society, it is an Intellectual Dimension of Struggles5) Ideology Critique: Critical Theory is a Critique of Ideology6) Critical Theory is a Critique of the Political Economy1.4. Critical Theory ApproachesThe Frankfurt School - Not a Sausage, But a Critical Theory!Critical Political Economy of Media and Communication - Studying the Media and Communication CriticallyCritical Political Economy and the Frankfurt School are two Critical Theories. But do we really need two of them?Critical Theory and Critique of the Political Economy of Social MediaPART ONE: FOUNDATIONS2. What is Social Media?2.1. Web 2.0 and Social MediaWeb 2.0Critiques of Web 2.0 and Social Media OptimismHow New are Social Media?2.2. The Need of Social Theory for Understanding Social MediaDefinitions of Web 2.0 and Social MediaMedia and Social TheoryÉmile Durkheim: The Social as Social FactsMax Weber: The Social as Social RelationsFerdinand Tönnies: The Social as CommunityKarl Marx: The Social as Cooperative Work2.3. Explaining Social Media with Durkheim, Weber, Marx and TönniesA Model of Human SocialityWeb 1.0, Web 2.0, Web 3.0Empirically Studying Changes of the Web3. Social Media as Participatory Culture3.1. The Notion of Participation and Participatory CultureSocial Media as Spreadable MediaParticipatory CultureParticipatory DemocracyIgnoring Ownership, Capitalism and Class: Cultural and Political ReductionismWhite Boys with "Participatory" Toys3.2. Online Fan Culture and PoliticsFan Culture as Politics?Is Online Fascism Participatory Culture?3.3. Social Media and Participatory CultureSocial Media CapitalismYou TubeBlogs3.4. Henry Jenkins and Digital LabourDallas Smythe, Digital Labour and Henry JenkinsSocial Media and Fans, Fans, Fans - Did Occupy, the Arab Spring and Wiki Leaks Never Happen?4. Social Media and Communication Power4.1. Social Theory in the Information AgeWhat is Social Theory?Castells: Social Theorist of the Internet in the Information Society?4.2. Communication Power in the Network SocietyCastells on Power: An Essential Feature of All Societies?Communication Power and Technocratic Language4.3. Communication Power, Social Media and Mass Self-CommunicationMass Self-CommunicationAutonomyPower and Counterpower on the Internet and Social MediaMedia Power as Cultural Power: John B ThompsonMedia Power as Multidimensional Form of Economic, Political and Cultural PowerThe Asymmetric Dialectic of Media PowerThe Stratified Online SphereWeb 2.0 and 3.04.4. Communication Power in the Arab Spring and the Occupy Movement2011: The Year of the Rebirth of History and Dangerous DreamingThe Arab Spring and OccupyTwitter and Facebook Revolutions?Castells Falsified: Empirical Research on the Role of the Media in Social MovementsJeffrey Juris, Paolo Gerbaudo and Miriyam Aouragh: For or against Castells?PART TWO: APPLICATIONS5. The Power and Political Economy of Social Media5.1. Social Media as Ideology: The Limits of the Participatory Social Media HypothesisSocial Media: Participation as IdeologyThe Limits of You TubeThe Limits of FacebookThe Limits of GoogleThe Limits of TwitterThe Corporate Colonization of Social Media5.2. The Cycle of Capital Accumulation5.3. Capital Accumulation and Social MediaRelative Surplus ValueProsumptionDallas Smythe, the Audience Commodity and Internet Prosumer CommodificationProsumer SurveillancePanoptic Sorting of Internet ProsumersCapital Accumulation on Corporate Social MediaThe Profit Rate and Social MediaThe Rate of Exploitation and Social MediaValue and Social MediaInformation - A Peculiar GoodSocial Media WorkThe Social Media Prosumer Commodity's PriceThe Law of Value on Social MediaPossible Breakdown and Alternatives5.4. Free Labour and Slave LabourThe Social FactoryThe Social Factory OnlineThe i Slave behind the i PhoneThe Joy of the Phone and Computer in the West is the Blood and Sweat of Africans and AsiansThe Knowledge Labour AristocracyThe Internet as Division of Labour6. Google. Good or Evil Search Engine?6.1. IntroductionThe Ubiquity of GoogleThe Uncritical Celebration of GoogleScepticism towards Google6.2. Google's Political EconomyGoogle's Economic PowerGoogle and the Capitalist CrisisThe Wealth and Power of Google's OwnersHow Google Accumulates CapitalGoogle as a Surveillance MachineA Model of Society for Understanding Data Stored By GoogleA Typology of the Data Google Monitors and Commodifies6.3. Googology: Google and IdeologyThe Ideology of the 20% RuleBiopolitical ExploitationEvgeny Morozov: Internet SolutionismIdeologies Online: Internet Fetishism and Technological Online RationalityOscar Gandy: Rational Discrimination and Cumulative DisadvantageInternet Fetishism and the Global CrisisStuart Hall Revisited: The Internet as Ideological Culture of ControlThe Ideology of Google's Privacy PolicyGoogle Double ClickGoogle+: Google and Social Networking SitesThe EU's Data Protection RegulationGoogle's 2012 Privacy PolicySensitive Personal DataComplex Terms of Use6.4. Work at GoogleWork at Google: Fun and Good Food?The Reality of Work at Google: Working Long HoursWorking Long Hours? Never Mind, Just Sleep Under Your Desk, as Former Google Vice-President Marissa Mayer Does…6.5. Google: God and Satan in One CompanyMarx and the Antagonism Between Productive Forces and Relations of ProductionGoogle in and Beyond Capitalism6.6. ConclusionRecommended Readings and Exercises7. Facebook. A Surveillance Threat to Privacy?7.1. Facebook's Financial PowerFacebook's Profits2012: Facebook's Decreasing Profits and Increasing Revenues7.2. The Notion of PrivacyDifferent Definitions of PrivacyCriticisms of PrivacyPrivacy: A Bourgeois Value?Privacy and SurveillanceAn Alternative Notion of Privacy7.3. Facebook and IdeologyLike as Facebook Ideology: "I Like Auschwitz "The Liberal Fetishism of PrivacyPrivacy Fetishism in Research about Facebook7.4. Privacy and the Political Economy of FacebookPrivacy and Private Property7.4.1. Facebook's Privacy PolicyCritical Discourse AnalysisSelf-RegulationPrivacy PolicyUnambiguous Consent?Opt-out?Targeted AdvertisingInstant Personalization7.4.2. Exploitation on FacebookCommodification and Digital Labour on FacebookSurveillance and Privacy Violations on FacebookThe Private on Facebook: Private Ownership7.5. ConclusionFacebook: Ideology and Political EconomyDiaspora·: An Alternative to Facebook?8. Twitter. A New Public Sphere?8.1. Habermas' Concept of the Public SphereWhat is the Public Sphere?The Working Class Critique of the Public Sphere ConceptThe Feminist Critique of the Public Sphere ConceptThe Public Sphere: Political Communication and Political EconomyHabermas: No Idealization of the Public Sphere, But Rather Public Sphere as Concept of Immanent Critique8.2. Twitter, Social Media and the Public SphereClay Shirky: Social Media as Radically New Enhancers of FreedomZizi Papacharissi: The Idealization of Individualization: The Private SphereJodi Dean: Social Media Politics as IdeologyMalcolm Gladwell: Social Media - No Natural Enemies of the Status QuoEvgeny Morozov: Social Media and Slacktivism/ClicktivismShirky's Response to Gladwell and Morozov8.3. Political Communication on TwitterThe Stratification of Twitter and Microblog UsageThe Asymmetrical Power of Visibility on TwitterThe Degree of Interactivity of Political Communication on TwitterThe 2011 Protests and Revolutions: Twitter and Facebook Revolutions?The Role of Social Media in the Egyptian RevolutionThe Role of Social Media in the Occupy Wall Street Movement8.4. Twitter's Political EconomyTwitter's Terms of Service and Targeted AdvertisingCapital Accumulation on Twitter8.5. @Jürgen Habermas #Twitter #Public SphereThe Public Sphere and Political Communication on TwitterThe Public Sphere and the Visibility of the Powerful on TwitterThe Pseudo- and Manufactured Public Sphere8.6. ConclusionTechnological DeterminismA Dialectical Concept of Technology and SocietyA Model of (Social) Media and Revolution9. Wiki Leaks. Can We Make Power Transparent?9.1. Wiki Leaks and PowerUncritical Definitions of SurveillanceWiki Leaks and the Value-Neutral Definition of SurveillanceCritical Definitions of SurveillanceFoucault on Disciplinary PowerWiki Leaks and Critical TheoryWiki Leaks, Watchdogs and TransparencyWiki Leaks: Watching the Watchers OnlineTheories of PowerWiki Leaks and the Power of VisibilityThe Structural Discrimination of Watchdog Organizations9.2. Wikileaks, Liberalism and SocialismWhat is Liberalism?What is Socialism?Wiki Leaks and Political Worldviews"Good Governance "Watching Corporate Power9.3. Wiki Leaks, Journalism and Alternative MediaWhat is a Journalist?Wiki Leaks and Mainstream MediaEconomic, Political and Cultural Censorship of Wiki LeaksWiki Leaks: An Alternative Medium?10. Wikipedia. A New Democratic Form of Production?10.1. The Communist IdeaThe Return of MarxThree Dimensions of CommunismThe Subjective DimensionThe Objective DimensionCommunism = Participatory DemocracyThe Subject-Object Dimension10.2. Communication and CommunismThe Communication CommonsThe Commons-Based Internet10.3. The Political Economy of Wikipedia10.3.1. The Subjective Dimension of Wikipedia Production: Co-operative Labour10.3.2. The Objective Dimensions of Wikipedia ProductionThe Common Ownership of the Means of ProductionRelations of Production: Participatory Democracy in the Economic RealmThe Use-Value of Wikipedia: Free Content10.3.3. The Effect Dimension of Wikipedia Production: The Pleasure of Co-operative Intellectual WorkPART THREE: FUTURES11. Conclusion: Social Media and its Alternatives - Towards a Truly Social Media11.1. Social Media Reality: Ideologies and ExploitationIdeologyExploitationSocial Media: Anticipative and Limited Sociality11.2. Social Media AlternativesThe Internet and the Logic of the CommonsCapitalism, Neoliberalism, CrisisStruggles11.2.1. Data Protection Laws11.2.2. Opt-In Advertising Policies11.2.3. Corporate Watch-Platforms as Form of Struggle Against Corporatism11.2.4. Alternative Internet Platforms11.3. Towards a Truly Social Media and a New SocietyFrom the B&N Reads Blog
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