The study of sediments such as silt, clay and sand, and the processes that shape their formation is referred to as sedimentology. Some of these processes are weathering, erosion, deposition, transport and diagenesis. Studies of sedimentary rocks and structures are fundamental to the reconstruction of past environments and understanding of the Earth's geologic history. The principles of superposition, original horizontality, lateral continuity and cross-cutting relationships are vital to the study of sedimentology. This field is closely associated with stratigraphy. It is a branch of geology that studies rock layers and stratification. It is crucial for the study of layered volcanic rocks and sedimentology. The sub-fields of stratigraphy are biostratigraphy and lithostratigraphy. Descriptions of rock core, sequence stratigraphy and lithology of the rock are some of the focus areas of sedimentology as well as stratigraphy. This book provides comprehensive insights into the fields of sedimentology and stratigraphy. Also included in this book is a detailed explanation of the various concepts and applications of these domains. In this book, using case studies and examples, constant effort has been made to make the understanding of the difficult concepts of these disciplines as easy and informative as possible for the readers.