Table of Contents

Acknowledgements ix

1 The Nature of Enlightenment 1

2 Scotland Towards France Pre-1700 7

1 Richard Scotus to James Liddell 7

2 The circle of John Mair 14

3 Scotland approaches the Enlightenment 18

4 The Scottish Enlightenment in waiting 24

3 Pierre-Daniel Huet, Humean Scepticism and 'The Science of Man' 27

1 David Hume: From Edinburgh to La Flèche 27

2 Pierre-Daniel Huet, sceptic precurser of Hume 31

3 Hume's skepticism 38

4 David Hume: From France and back to France 49

5 Huet, Hume and scepticism in the field of religion 59

4 Scottish Common Sense and the French Response 71

1 Introduction 71

2 Common sense philosophy à la française 73

3 Thomas Reid's career 78

4 Principles of common sense 83

5 Does the external world exist? 91

6 Theodore Jouffroy's concept of common sense 95

7 Jouffroy on Reid and the scientific study of the mind 103

5 Morality and Sentiment 115

1 Introduction 115

2 Adam Smith and Sophie de Grouchy 116

3 Adam Smith, sentiment, sympathy and morality 129

4 Sophie de Grouchy: an ideologue's perspective on sympathy 141

6 Civil Society and the Virtues of Citizenship 160

1 Introduction 160

2 Montesquieu: philosophe 161

3 Adam Ferguson: literates 166

4 Montesquieu on law and republican virtue 171

5 Ferguson on law and republican virtue 183

6 Adam Ferguson's republicanism 187

7 Adam Ferguson: magistrates and militias 190

7 Conclusion 212

Bibliography 219

Index 224