The field of science which focuses on the physical and chemical composition of earth is known as earth science or geoscience. It is a sub branch of planetary science which studies the features of the lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere. Earth science makes use of physics, geography, chemistry, geology, chronology and mathematics to understand the evolution of earth. Various fields of study are covered under it are glaciology, soil sciences, hydrology, geochemistry, geophysics and atmospheric sciences. The principles of earth science are used for locating energy and mineral resources. Various earth processes such as earthquakes, hurricanes and volcanoes are covered by earth sciences for developing effective mitigation strategies. These studies rely on a combination of observational and experimental approaches. The book studies, analyses and uphold the pillars of earth science and its utmost significance in modern times. Different approaches, evaluations and methodologies and advanced studies on earth science have been included herein. Coherent flow of topics, student-friendly language and extensive use of examples make this book an invaluable source of knowledge.