Moral Responsibility and the Boundaries of Community: Power and Accountability from a Pragmatic Point of View

The question of responsibility plays a critical role not only in our attempts to resolve social and political problems, but in our very conceptions of what those problems are. Who, for example, is to blame for apartheid in South Africa? Is the South African government responsible? What about multinational corporations that do business there? Will uncovering the "true facts of the matter" lead us to the right answer?

In an argument both compelling and provocative, Marion Smiley demonstrates how attributions of blame—far from being based on an objective process of factual discovery—are instead judgments that we ourselves make on the basis of our own political and social points of view. She argues that our conception of responsibility is a singularly modern one that locates the source of blameworthiness in an individual's free will. After exploring the flaws inherent in this conception, she shows how our judgments of blame evolve out of our configuration of social roles, our conception of communal boundaries, and the distribution of power upon which both are based.

The great strength of Smiley's study lies in the way in which it brings together both rigorous philosophical analysis and an appreciation of the dynamics of social and political practice. By developing a pragmatic conception of moral responsibility, this work illustrates both how moral philosophy can enhance our understanding of social and political practices and why reflection on these practices is necessary to the reconstruction of our moral concepts.

1118577747
Moral Responsibility and the Boundaries of Community: Power and Accountability from a Pragmatic Point of View

The question of responsibility plays a critical role not only in our attempts to resolve social and political problems, but in our very conceptions of what those problems are. Who, for example, is to blame for apartheid in South Africa? Is the South African government responsible? What about multinational corporations that do business there? Will uncovering the "true facts of the matter" lead us to the right answer?

In an argument both compelling and provocative, Marion Smiley demonstrates how attributions of blame—far from being based on an objective process of factual discovery—are instead judgments that we ourselves make on the basis of our own political and social points of view. She argues that our conception of responsibility is a singularly modern one that locates the source of blameworthiness in an individual's free will. After exploring the flaws inherent in this conception, she shows how our judgments of blame evolve out of our configuration of social roles, our conception of communal boundaries, and the distribution of power upon which both are based.

The great strength of Smiley's study lies in the way in which it brings together both rigorous philosophical analysis and an appreciation of the dynamics of social and political practice. By developing a pragmatic conception of moral responsibility, this work illustrates both how moral philosophy can enhance our understanding of social and political practices and why reflection on these practices is necessary to the reconstruction of our moral concepts.

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Moral Responsibility and the Boundaries of Community: Power and Accountability from a Pragmatic Point of View

Moral Responsibility and the Boundaries of Community: Power and Accountability from a Pragmatic Point of View

by Marion Smiley
Moral Responsibility and the Boundaries of Community: Power and Accountability from a Pragmatic Point of View

Moral Responsibility and the Boundaries of Community: Power and Accountability from a Pragmatic Point of View

by Marion Smiley

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Overview

The question of responsibility plays a critical role not only in our attempts to resolve social and political problems, but in our very conceptions of what those problems are. Who, for example, is to blame for apartheid in South Africa? Is the South African government responsible? What about multinational corporations that do business there? Will uncovering the "true facts of the matter" lead us to the right answer?

In an argument both compelling and provocative, Marion Smiley demonstrates how attributions of blame—far from being based on an objective process of factual discovery—are instead judgments that we ourselves make on the basis of our own political and social points of view. She argues that our conception of responsibility is a singularly modern one that locates the source of blameworthiness in an individual's free will. After exploring the flaws inherent in this conception, she shows how our judgments of blame evolve out of our configuration of social roles, our conception of communal boundaries, and the distribution of power upon which both are based.

The great strength of Smiley's study lies in the way in which it brings together both rigorous philosophical analysis and an appreciation of the dynamics of social and political practice. By developing a pragmatic conception of moral responsibility, this work illustrates both how moral philosophy can enhance our understanding of social and political practices and why reflection on these practices is necessary to the reconstruction of our moral concepts.


Product Details

ISBN-13: 9780226763255
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Publication date: 09/15/2009
Sold by: Barnes & Noble
Format: eBook
Pages: 296
File size: 348 KB

Table of Contents

Preface

1. Introduction

The Political Context of Moral Responsibility

Beyond Free Will and Determinism

Philosophical Pragmatism and Social Practice

Part One

2. Communal Blame and the Classical Worldview

Why We Cannot All Be Kantians

Aristotle on the Conditions of Voluntariness

The Responsibility of Children

Blameworthiness, Communal Standards, and the Primacy of Moral Luck

Volitional Excuses and the Criteria of Blameworthiness

3. Transcendental Authority and the Damnation of Christian Sinners

Transcendental Authority Threatened

From Communal Accountability to Moral Sin

Religious Ascription vs. Scientific Discovery

4. Internalized Transcendence and the Modern Moral Conscience

Moral Guilt and the Internalization of Social Blame

The Burdens of Free Will

Determinism, Moral Luck, and Insufficient Control

Part Two

5. Moral Responsibility and the Prevention of Harm

Shared Starting Points

A Radical Extension of Moral Responsibility

Traditional Constraints and the Deflation of Radical Theory

The Subjectification of Social Blame

6. Social Expectations, Role Playing, and the Primacy of Moral Agency

A Deontological View of Moral Agency

Moral Agency and Social Norms

Social Norms, Role Playing, and the Collapse of a Conservative Perspective

7. Moral Agency and the Distribution of Organizational Blame

Moral Blame and Democratic Accountability

Organizational Excuses

Moral Tasks and the Distribution of Power

Part Three

8. Actions, Consequences, and the Boundaries of Community

Alternative Approaches

The Practice of Moral Responsibility

Casual Responsibility and Practical Control

Interests, Expectations, and Social Roles

Casual Responsibility and the Boundaries of Community

Shifting Boundaries

The Problem of Omissions

When Do We Become Killers?

9. Private Blame and Public Accountability

Moral Responsibility, Causation, and Blameworthiness

Volitional Excuses and the Question of Fairness

Do We Really Need to Talk about Free Will?

Social Blame and the Regulation of Communal Standards

Blaming, Interests, and the Maintenance of Power

From Public Accountability to Moral Blameworthiness and Back

10. Conclusion: Morality and Power

Bibliography

Index

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