Table of Contents
Introduction: Electricity and Magnetism Science Fair Projects Using the Scientific Method 7
How Scientists Search for Answers 10
Using the Scientific Method in Experiments and Projects 12
Science Fairs 20
Safety First 24
1 Static Electricity: Charges at Rest 27
1.1 Getting Charged 29
1.2 Inducing Charge 34
1.3 Detecting Charge: An Electroscope 37
1.4 Some Static Effects 41
2 Moving Charges 45
2.1 A Simple Electric Circuit 48
2.2 Building Circuits 50
2.3 Series and Parallel Circuits 54
2.4 Switches 56
2.5 Flow of Charge Around a Circuit 59
2.6 Sending Messages Electrically 61
2.7 Short Circuit: The Easy Path 64
2.8 Resistors: The Hard Path 68
2.9 A Burglar Alarm Circuit 72
2.10 A Fuse for Safety 75
3 Magnets and Magnetic Fields 79
3.1 Two Magnets 80
3.2 A Magnetic Field 86
3.3 Magnets, Magnetic Matter, and Nonmagnetic Matter 90
3.4 Unmaking a Magnet 93
3.5 Can a Magnetic Field Act Through Materials? 96
4 Magnetism From Electricity 99
4.1 Oersted's Discovery 100
4.2 An Electric Current's Magnetic Field 102
4.3 An Electric Meter 105
4.4 Using an Electric Meter to Test for Conductivity 108
4.5 Magnetic Coils 111
4.6 Electromagnets 114
5 Electricity, Magnets, and Motors 119
5.1 A Current in a Magnetic Field 120
5.2 A Current in a Magnetic Field and Motors 125
5.3 A Current from a Magnetic Field 133
6 Electricity and Chemistry 139
6.1 Inside a Daniell Cell 141
6.2 Inside a D Cell 146
6.3 The Minimum Ingredients for an Electric Cell 149
Appendix: Science Supply Companies 155
Further Reading 156
Internet Addresses 157
Index 158
