The Shamrock and the Cross: Irish American Novelists Shape American Catholicism

The Shamrock and the Cross: Irish American Novelists Shape American Catholicism

by Eileen P. Sullivan
The Shamrock and the Cross: Irish American Novelists Shape American Catholicism

The Shamrock and the Cross: Irish American Novelists Shape American Catholicism

by Eileen P. Sullivan

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Overview

In The Shamrock and the Cross: Irish American Novelists Shape American Catholicism, Eileen P. Sullivan traces changes in nineteenth-century American Catholic culture through a study of Catholic popular literature. Analyzing more than thirty novels spanning the period from the 1830s to the 1870s, Sullivan elucidates the ways in which Irish immigration, which transformed the American Catholic population and its institutions, also changed what it meant to be a Catholic in America. In the 1830s and 1840s, most Catholic fiction was written by American-born converts from Protestant denominations; after 1850, most was written by Irish immigrants or their children, who created characters and plots that mirrored immigrants’ lives. The post-1850 novelists portrayed Catholics as a community of people bound together by shared ethnicity, ritual, and loyalty to their priests rather than by shared theological or moral beliefs. Their novels focused on poor and working-class characters; the reasons they left their homeland; how they fared in the American job market; and where they stood on issues such as slavery, abolition, and women’s rights. In developing their plots, these later novelists took positions on capitalism and on race and gender, providing the first alternative to the reigning domestic ideal of women. Far more conscious of American anti-Catholicism than the earlier Catholic novelists, they stressed the dangers of assimilation and the importance of separate institutions supporting a separate culture. Given the influence of the Irish in church institutions, the type of Catholicism they favored became the gold standard for all American Catholics, shaping their consciousness until well into the next century.


Product Details

ISBN-13: 9780268041526
Publisher: University of Notre Dame Press
Publication date: 03/15/2016
Edition description: 1
Pages: 374
Product dimensions: 5.90(w) x 8.80(h) x 0.90(d)

About the Author

Eileen P. Sullivan is lecturer in political science at Rutgers University.

Table of Contents

List of Illustrations ix

Acknowledgments xi

Introduction 1

Chapter 1 The Origins of American Catholic Fiction 7

Chapter 2 The Irish Americans: Creating a Memory of the Past 29

Chapter 3 American Anti-Catholicism: The Uses of Prejudice 55

Chapter 4 Catholics and Religious Liberty 82

Chapter 5 The Anti-Protestant Novel 103

Chapter 6 The Church as Family 130

Chapter 7 The Maternal Priest 161

Chapter 8 A Woman's Place: Making the Communal Home 189

Chapter 9 Catholics and Economic Success 219

Chapter 10 American Politics: Catholics as Patriotic Outsiders 247

Conclusion 275

Notes 278

Selected Bibliography 324

Index 343

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