Perilous Waters: Settlers, Swamps, and the State, 1775-1920
Wetlands—particularly swamps—have evoked contradictory responses from different groups in the United States from the early republic to the end of World War I. White, enslaved, and Indigenous peoples alternately envisioned swamps as future agricultural paradises, uninhabitable wastelands, portals to freedom, spaces to gather vital resources, eugenic sanctuaries, and future homes for settlers. This contested, evolving thinking shaped how Americans interacted with swamps, and Perilous Waters addresses how those interactions influenced their management.

Anthony E. Carlson shows how settlers demonized swamps as one of the gravest environmental impediments to agricultural expansion and the establishment of secure and stable communities. In doing so, they enlisted the knowledge, resources, and authority of the state to organize institutions that enabled drainage and erased any vestiges of prior occupation and usage. By the mid-nineteenth century, drainage became a paramount public policy objective, inaugurating new social institutions and mobilizing state resources to assist settlers in fashioning dry, healthy, and domesticated landscapes. After 1900, all levels of government worked to implement cooperative social institutions and systemize environmental and technological knowledge to facilitate drainage and accelerate the transformation of the nation’s wet spaces into farms and crop fields.

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Perilous Waters: Settlers, Swamps, and the State, 1775-1920
Wetlands—particularly swamps—have evoked contradictory responses from different groups in the United States from the early republic to the end of World War I. White, enslaved, and Indigenous peoples alternately envisioned swamps as future agricultural paradises, uninhabitable wastelands, portals to freedom, spaces to gather vital resources, eugenic sanctuaries, and future homes for settlers. This contested, evolving thinking shaped how Americans interacted with swamps, and Perilous Waters addresses how those interactions influenced their management.

Anthony E. Carlson shows how settlers demonized swamps as one of the gravest environmental impediments to agricultural expansion and the establishment of secure and stable communities. In doing so, they enlisted the knowledge, resources, and authority of the state to organize institutions that enabled drainage and erased any vestiges of prior occupation and usage. By the mid-nineteenth century, drainage became a paramount public policy objective, inaugurating new social institutions and mobilizing state resources to assist settlers in fashioning dry, healthy, and domesticated landscapes. After 1900, all levels of government worked to implement cooperative social institutions and systemize environmental and technological knowledge to facilitate drainage and accelerate the transformation of the nation’s wet spaces into farms and crop fields.

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Perilous Waters: Settlers, Swamps, and the State, 1775-1920

Perilous Waters: Settlers, Swamps, and the State, 1775-1920

by Anthony E. Carlson
Perilous Waters: Settlers, Swamps, and the State, 1775-1920

Perilous Waters: Settlers, Swamps, and the State, 1775-1920

by Anthony E. Carlson

Paperback

$29.95 
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Overview

Wetlands—particularly swamps—have evoked contradictory responses from different groups in the United States from the early republic to the end of World War I. White, enslaved, and Indigenous peoples alternately envisioned swamps as future agricultural paradises, uninhabitable wastelands, portals to freedom, spaces to gather vital resources, eugenic sanctuaries, and future homes for settlers. This contested, evolving thinking shaped how Americans interacted with swamps, and Perilous Waters addresses how those interactions influenced their management.

Anthony E. Carlson shows how settlers demonized swamps as one of the gravest environmental impediments to agricultural expansion and the establishment of secure and stable communities. In doing so, they enlisted the knowledge, resources, and authority of the state to organize institutions that enabled drainage and erased any vestiges of prior occupation and usage. By the mid-nineteenth century, drainage became a paramount public policy objective, inaugurating new social institutions and mobilizing state resources to assist settlers in fashioning dry, healthy, and domesticated landscapes. After 1900, all levels of government worked to implement cooperative social institutions and systemize environmental and technological knowledge to facilitate drainage and accelerate the transformation of the nation’s wet spaces into farms and crop fields.


Product Details

ISBN-13: 9781469694801
Publisher: The University of North Carolina Press
Publication date: 03/24/2026
Pages: 288
Product dimensions: 6.12(w) x 9.25(h) x 1.00(d)

About the Author

Anthony E. Carlson is professor of history at the School of Advanced Military Studies, US Army Command and General Staff College.
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