Shipwrecks of Stellwagen Bank: Disaster in New England's National Marine Sanctuary

by Matthew Lawrence, Deborah Marx, John Galluzzo, James P. Delgado (Foreword by)

Overview

Beneath the churning surface of Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary rest the bones of shipwrecks and sailors alike. Massachusetts' ports connected its citizens to the world, and the number of merchant and fishing vessels grew alongside the nation's development. Hundreds of ships sank on the trade routes and fishing grounds between Cape Cod and Cape Ann. Their stories are waiting to be uncovered--from the ill-fated steamship Portland to collided schooners Frank A. Palmer and Louise B. Crary and the burned dragger Joffre. Join historian John Galluzzo and maritime archaeologists Matthew Lawrence and Deborah Marx as they dive in to investigate the sunken vessels and captivating history of New England's only national marine sanctuary.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9781625853332
Publisher:	The History Press
Publication date:	06/22/2015
Series:	Disaster
Sold by:	Bookwire
Format:	eBook
Pages:	144
File size:	7 MB

About the Author

John Galluzzo serves as the maritime heritage member on Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary's Advisory Council. He is the director of education and camping for the South Shore Natural Science Center in Norwell, Massachusetts, and the author of more than thirty-five books on the history and nature of the northeastern United States. In 2013, he was chosen by the National Marine Sanctuary Foundation as the volunteer of the year for Stellwagen Bank sanctuary.
Matthew Lawrence is an archaeologist and maritime heritage coordinator at Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary. A graduate of East Carolina University's maritime studies program, Matthew's research interests are the American coasting trade, steam navigation and the African slave trade. In addition to the Stellwagen Bank sanctuary, he has conducted archaeological fieldwork at the American Samoa, Olympic Coast, Thunder Bay and Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuaries. Matthew is an avid diver who enjoys underwater videography.
Deborah Marx is a maritime archaeologist working for NOAA's Office of National Marine Sanctuaries. She is a graduate of East Carolina University's program in maritime studies. Her recent research efforts are focused on the Battle of the Atlantic off the United States coast during World Wars I and II and U.S. Shipping Board steamships in Mallows Bay, Maryland. Deborah has extensive experience preparing National Register of Historic Places shipwreck nominations, having co-authored twelve successful listings.

Matthew Lawrence is an archaeologist and maritime heritage coordinator at Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary. A graduate of East Carolina University's maritime studies program, Matthew's research interests are the American coasting trade, steam navigation and the African slave trade. In addition to the Stellwagen Bank sanctuary, he has conducted archaeological fieldwork at the American Samoa, Olympic Coast, Thunder Bay and Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuaries. Matthew is an avid diver who enjoys underwater videography.
Deborah Marx is a maritime archaeologist working for NOAA's Office of National Marine Sanctuaries. She is a graduate of East Carolina University's program in maritime studies. Her recent research efforts are focused on the Battle of the Atlantic off the United States coast during World Wars I and II and U.S. Shipping Board steamships in Mallows Bay, Maryland. Deborah has extensive experience preparing National Register of Historic Places shipwreck nominations, having co-authored twelve successful listings.

Table of Contents

Foreword James P. Delgado 5

Acknowledgements 7

Introduction 9

1 New England's Museum in the Sea: Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary 11

Office of National Marine Sanctuaries 11

When Mammoths Roamed Stellwagen Bank 14

Sanctuary Exploration and Exploitation 15

Maritime Archaeology: Uncovering Stellwagen Bank Sanctuary's Secrets 19

2 The Portland Gale's Fury: 1 898's Perfect Storm 23

Night Boats in New England 24

The Portland's Construction and Career 27

The Portland's Wreck and the Storm's Aftermath 31

Archaeological Site Investigation 34

The Portland's Archaeological Remains 37

The Portland Gale's Other Steamship Victim: The Pentagoet 40

Investigating the Pentagoet 44

3 Ancient Energy: Waterborne Transportation of Coal 47

Rise of the Great New England Coal Schooners 49

Construction of the Frank A. Palmer 50

Construction of the Louise B. Crary 52

The Frank A. Palmer's and Louise B. Crary's Careers 54

Collision! 57

Locked in Time: The Frank A. Palmer's and Louise B. Crary's Archaeological Remains 59

The Paul Palmer. The Unlucky "Hoodoo" Schooner 62

The Paul Palmer's Career 65

Fire! 68

The Paul Palmer's Archaeological Remains 70

Other Stellwagen Bank Sanctuary Collier Shipwrecks 72

4 Sailing Tombstones: Granite from Land to Sea 75

Granite's Early Use in New England 75

Cape Ann Quarries Expand the Granite Trade 77

The Stone Sloop's Development and Use 79

Maine Quarries Become Industry Leaders 80

Schooners Reach New Ports 84

Decline of the Granite Industry 85

Granite Trade Shipwrecks 86

The Lamartine's History 91

Archaeological Investigation of Shipwreck STB038 94

Archaeological Sites STB032 and STB042 97

5 From Hooks to Trawl Nets: Development of the Eastern Rig Dragger Fishing Vessel 101

Bounty of the Sea 101

The Fishing Fleet's Transition: 1900-1930 105

Mechanization in New England's Fisheries: 1920-1950 108

Postwar Competition in New England's Fisheries 111

Eastern Rig Dragger Shipwrecks in Stellwagen Bank Sanctuary 113

The Joffre: A Transitional Eastern Rig Dragger 115

The Joffre's Shipwreck 118

The Edna G.: A Purpose-Built Eastern Rig Dragger 120

The Edna G.'s Shipwreck 123

Eastern Rig Draggers Accessible to SCUBA Divers 124

Afterword 129

Notes 131

Selected Bibliography 139

Index 141

About the Authors 143