Table of Contents
foreword Sir Harold Evans iii
To Victims of Prejudice Leonard Stern xi
Introduction 1
Chapter 1 Beginnings (586 bce-135 ce) 7
People on the Move
Antisemitism in Elephantine?
Antisemitism in Alexandria?
Wars with Rome
Antisemitism in the Roman Empire?
Chapter 2 Separation: Synagogue and Church, Jew and Christian (29-414 ce) 23
Jesus and His Follcnvers
A Owing Separation
The Fourth Century: A Turning Point
Jewish Christians and judaizmg Christians.
Chapter 3 Conquests and Consequences (395-750 ce) 39
Waring Empires
Oases in the Desert
The Prophet Muhammad
Jewish Tribes in Medina
Building an islamic Empire
Chapter 4 Holy Wars and Antisemitism (700s-1300) 55
"Us" and "Them" in Northern Europe
A Call to Arms
A New Kind of War
Crimes and Punishment
The Consequences of 1096
Chapter 5 The Power of a Lie (1144-1300) 75
Charges of Ritual Murder
Tragedy in Blois
The Death of "Little Hugh"
Blood and the Blood Libel
Jews and judaism Redefined
Attacks on the Talmud
Chapter 6 Refugees from Intolerance (1347-1492) 93
The Black Death
"The Money Was Indeed the Thing..." -Spain: An Exception?
Riots and Conversions
Expulsion from Spain
Jews without a Home
Chapter 7 In Search of Toleration (1500-1635) 113
New Outlooks
The Battle of the Pamphlets
A Religious Revolution
Luther and the Jews
In Search of Compromises
Taking Sides
Speaking Out
Catholic Responses
The Fight against Heresy
Paul IV and the Jews
Other Reforms and Reformers
Chapter 8 Safe Havens?: Poland and the Ottoman Empire (1200s-1666) 137
Toward Toleration in Poland
Responses to Toleration
Jewish Self Defense
Catastrophe in the East
Jews in the Ottoman Empire
In the Interest of the Empire
Protecting Jews
A False Messiah
Chapter 9 The Age of Enlightenment and the Reaction 1600s-l 848) 157
Mendelssohn and the Enlightenment
Germany: In Search of "Useful Jews"
Toleration in Austria
England's Jews: Hidden in Plain Sight
The French Revolution and the Jews
Reactions and Doubts
German Nationalism and German Jews
Chapter 10 Antisemitism in an Age of Nationalism (1840-1878) 183
Murder in Damascus?
The Power of Publicity
Mission to the Middle East
Outcomes and Legacies
The Limits of Publicity's Power
In Defense of Jews
Old Myths in Modern Dress
Chapter 11 Antisemitism in France and Russia: "The Snake... Crept out of the Marshes" (1880-1905) 207
France: Antisemitism in a Democracy
The Dreyfus Case: More Than a Trial
Russia: "Beyond the Pale"
"Living on Top of a Volcano"
Courage at Home, Outrage Abroad
Disapproval at Home
New Pogroms and New Responses
Chapter 12 Lies, Stereotypes, and Antisemitism in an Age of War and Revolution (1914-I920s) 233
Questions of Loyalty in Wartime
The Power of Old Myths in a Modern World
Revolutions and Civil Wars
The Protocols and the White Army
Protecting Minorities
The Protocols Reach the West and Beyond
The Protocols in the United States
The Doors Close
Chapter 13 In the Face of Genocide (1918-1945) 259
"Backstabbing" in a Defeated Germany
Hitler's Rise to Power
Dismantling Democracy
The Search for Refuge
The Night of the Pogrom
A Racial War within a World War
194 J: A Turning Point
The Acceleration of the "Final Solution"
Resistance and Rescue
World Responses
At War's End
Chapter 14 Antisemitism after the Holocaust (1945-1979) 289
"Is It... Antisemitic?" The Allies and Jewish Refugees
No Place to Go
Poland after the Holocaust
Antisemitism: An InternationalJEmergency
Antisemitism and Nationalism
The Palestinian Dilemma
Arab Nationalism and a Jewish State
Chapter 15 Antisemitism and the Cold War (1945-2000) 313
Changing Attitudes
In Search of "Traitors"
Confronting the Past
Breaking the Silence-Egyptian Antisemitism and Anti-Zionism
Politics and War in the Arab World
Consequences Abroad-Confrontation at the United Nations
The Palestinian-Israeli Conflict
Chapter 16 Antisemitism Today: A Convenient Hatred 339
When "the Impossible Became Possible"
A Terrorist Attack and an Aggressive Lie
"Ritual Murder" in the Twenty-First Century
"Infection"
Nationalism, Xenophobia, and Antisemitism
Antisemitism and Holocaust Denial
Memory and Education
Selected Bibliography 363
Acknowledgments 375
Credits 377
Index 381