A Practical Guide to Fedora and Red Hat Enterprise Linux / Edition 7

A Practical Guide to Fedora and Red Hat Enterprise Linux / Edition 7

by Mark Sobell
ISBN-10:
0133477436
ISBN-13:
9780133477436
Pub. Date:
12/31/2013
Publisher:
Pearson Education
ISBN-10:
0133477436
ISBN-13:
9780133477436
Pub. Date:
12/31/2013
Publisher:
Pearson Education
A Practical Guide to Fedora and Red Hat Enterprise Linux / Edition 7

A Practical Guide to Fedora and Red Hat Enterprise Linux / Edition 7

by Mark Sobell
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Overview

“I have found this book to be a very useful classroom text, as well as a great Linux resource. It teaches Linux using a ground-up approach that gives students the chance to progress with their skills and grow into the Linux world. I have often pointed to this book when asked to recommend a solid Linux reference.”
— Eric Hartwell, Chair, School of Information Technology, ITT Technical Institute

Master All the Techniques You Need to Succeed with Fedora™ or Red Hat® Enterprise Linux®

  • The #1 Fedora and RHEL resource—a tutorial AND on-the-job reference
  • Master Linux administration and security using the command line, GUI tools, Python, systemd, and firewalld
  • Set up key Internet servers, step by step, including Samba, Apache, MariaDB/MySQL, sendmail, OpenSSH, DNS, LDAP, and more
  • Brand-new chapter on Virtual Machines and Cloud Computing!

In this comprehensive guide, one of the world’s leading Linux experts brings together all the knowledge and real-world insights you need to master and succeed with today’s versions of Fedora or Red Hat Enterprise Linux. Best-selling author Mark Sobell explains Linux clearly and effectively, focusing on skills you’ll actually need as a user, programmer, or administrator.

Sobell assumes no prior Linux knowledge. He starts at the beginning and walks you through every topic and task that matters, using easy-to-understand examples. Step by step, you’ll learn how to install and configure Linux from the accompanying DVD, navigate its graphical user interface, provide file/printer sharing, configure network servers, secure Linux desktops and networks, work with the command line, administer Linux efficiently, and automate administration using Python and bash.

Mark Sobell has taught hundreds of thousands of Linux and UNIX professionals. He knows every Linux nook and cranny—and he never forgets what it’s like to be new to Linux. Whatever you want to do with Linux—now or in the future—you’ll find it in this book.

Compared with other Linux books, A Practical Guide to Fedora™and Red Hat®Enterprise Linux ®, Seventh Edition, delivers

  • Complete, up-to-the-minute coverage of Fedora 19 and RHEL 7 (beta)
  • New programming chapters that cover Python and MariaDB/MySQL, plus a new tutorial on using GnuPG to encrypt communications
  • Information on state-of-the-art security: SELinux, ACLs, firewalld ( firewall-config and firewall-cmd), iptables ( system-config-firewall), GnuPG, and OpenSSH
  • New chapter on VMs (virtual machines) and cloud computing, including VMware, QEMU/KVM, virt-manager, virsh, GNOME Boxes, and AWS (Amazon Web Services)
  • Expanded command-line coverage, including a new chapter that details 32 important utilities
  • Practical information on Internet server configuration, including Apache, sendmail, NFSv4, DNS/BIND, the new LDAP Dynamic Server, and IPv6
  • Complete “meat-and-potatoes” information on system/network administration, now including GRUB 2, the XFS filesystem, the new Anaconda Installer, the systemd init daemon, firewalld, and NetworkManager
  • Detailed instructions on keeping Linux systems up to date, finding software packages, and working with repositories using yum and rpm
  • Full coverage of the LPI Linux Essentials exam objectives plus extensive coverage of the CompTIA Linux+ exam objectives; Appendix E provides a map from objectives to pages in the book
  • New coverage of find, sort, xz (compression), free, xargs, and the nano editor
  • And much more, including a 500+ term glossary and comprehensive indexes

Includes DVD! Get the full version of the Fedora 19 release!


Product Details

ISBN-13: 9780133477436
Publisher: Pearson Education
Publication date: 12/31/2013
Edition description: 7th ed.
Pages: 1408
Sales rank: 1,117,560
Product dimensions: 9.10(w) x 11.20(h) x 2.40(d)

About the Author

Mark G. Sobell is President of Sobell Associates Inc., a consulting firm that specializes in UNIX and Linux training, support, and documentation. He has more than thirty years of experience working with UNIX and Linux systems and is the author of many best-selling books, including A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming, Third Edition, and A Practical Guide to Ubuntu Linux®, Third Edition, both from Prentice Hall.

Read an Excerpt

The Book

Whether you are an end user, a system administrator, or a little of each, this book explains with step-by-step examples how to get the most out of a Fedora or Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) system. In 28 chapters, this book takes you from installing a Fedora or Red Hat Enterprise Linux system through understanding its inner workings to setting up secure servers that run on the system.The Audience

This book is designed for a wide range of readers. It does not require you to have programming experience, but having some experience using a general-purpose computer is helpful. This book is appropriate for

  • Students who are taking a class in which they use Linux
  • Home users who want to set up and/or run Linux
  • Professionals who use Linux at work
  • System administrators who need an understanding of Linux and the tools that are available to them
  • Computer science students who are studying the Linux operating system
  • Programmers who need to understand the Linux programming environment
  • Technical executives who want to get a grounding in Linux
Benefits

A Practical Guide to Fedora and Red Hat® Enterprise Linux®, College Edition, gives you a broad understanding of many facets of Linux, from installing Fedora/RHEL through using and customizing it. No matter what your background, this book gives you the knowledge you need to get on with your work. You will come away from this book understanding how to use Linux, and this book will remain a valuable reference for years tocome.Overlap

If you read A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming, you will notice some overlap between that book and the one you are reading now. The first chapter, and the chapters on the utilities, the filesystem, programming tools, and the appendix on regular expressions are very similar in the two books, as are the three chapters on the Bourne Again Shell (

bash). Chapters that appear in this book but not in A Practical Guide to Linux® Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming include Chapters 2 and 3 (installation), Chapters 4 and 8 (Fedora/RHEL and the GUI), Chapter 10 (networking), all of the chapters in Part IV (system administration) and Part V (servers), and Appendix C (security).This Book Includes Fedora 8 on a DVD

A Practical Guide to Fedora and Red Hat® Enterprise Linux®, College Edition, includes a DVD that you can use to install or upgrade to Fedora 8. Chapter 2 helps you get ready to install Fedora. Chapter 3 provides step-by-step instructions for installing Fedora from this DVD. This book guides you through learning about, using, and administrating Fedora or Red Hat Enterprise Linux.What Is New in This Edition?

The college edition of A Practical Guide to Fedora and Red Hat® Enterprise Linux® covers Fedora 8 and Red Hat Enterprise Linux version 5. There is a new section on LDAP in Chapter 21. Chapters 2 and 3 cover booting into a live session and installing from live media. All the changes, large and small, that have been made to Fedora/RHEL since the previous edition of this book have been incorporated into the explanations and examples.Features of This Book

This book is designed and organized so you can get the most out of it in the shortest amount of time. You do not have to read this book straight through in page order. Once you are comfortable using Linux, you can use this book as a reference: Look up a topic of interest in the table of contents or index and read about it. Or think of the book as a catalog of Linux topics: Flip through the pages until a topic catches your eye. The book includes many pointers to Web sites where you can get additional information: Consider the Internet an extension of this book.

A Practical Guide to Fedora and Red Hat® Enterprise Linux®, College Edition, is structured with the following features:

  • In this book, the term Fedora/RHEL refers to both Fedora and Red Hat Enterprise Linux. Features that apply to only one operating system or the other are marked as such using these indicators:

    FEDORA or

    RHEL.

  • Optional sections enable you to read the book at different levels, returning to more difficult material when you are ready to delve into it.
  • Caution boxes highlight procedures that can easily go wrong, giving you guidance before you run into trouble.
  • Tip boxes highlight ways that you can save time by doing something differently or situations when it may be useful or just interesting to have additional information.
  • Security boxes point out places where you can make a system more secure. The security appendix presents a quick background in system security issues.
  • Concepts are illustrated by practical examples throughout the book.
  • Chapter summaries review the important points covered in each chapter.
  • Review exercises are included at the end of each chapter for readers who want to further hone their skills. Answers to even-numbered exercises are at www.sobell.com.
  • This book provides resources for finding software on the Internet. It also explains how download and install software using

    yum, BitTorrent, and, for Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Red Hat Network (RHN).

  • The glossary defines more than 500 common terms.
  • The book describes in detail many important GNU tools, including the

    gcc C compiler, the

    gdb debugger, the GNU Configure and Build System,

    make, and

    gzip.

  • Pointers throughout the text provide help in obtaining online documentation from many sources including the local system, the Red Hat Web site, the Fedora Project Web site, and other locations on the Internet.
  • Many useful URLs (Internet addresses) point to sites where you can obtain software, security programs and information, and more.
  • The comprehensive index helps you locate topics quickly and easily.
Key Topics Covered in This Book

This book contains a lot of information. This section distills and summarizes its contents. You may want to review the table of contents for more detail. This book covers the following.Installation

  • Describes how to download from the Internet and burn both Fedora Desktop Live Media CD/DVDs and Fedora Install Media DVDs.
  • Helps you plan the layout of the system’s hard disk and assists you in using Disk Druid or the GNOME graphical partition editor (

    gparted) to partition the hard disk.

  • Explains how to use the Logical Volume Manager (LVM2) to set up, grow, and migrate logical volumes, which are similar in function to traditional disk partitions.
  • Discusses booting into a live Fedora session and installing Fedora from that session.
  • Describes in detail how to install Fedora/RHEL from a DVD, CD, a hard disk, or over a network using FTP, NFS, or HTTP.
  • Covers boot command line parameters (

    FEDORA), responses to the boot: prompt (

    RHEL), and explains how to work with Anaconda, Fedora/RHEL’s installation program.

  • Covers the details of customizing the X.org version of the X Window System.
Working with Fedora/RHEL
  • Introduces the graphical desktop (GUI) and explains how to use desktop tools including the panel, Panel menu, Main menu, Window Operations menu, Desktop menu, Desktop switcher, and terminal emulator.
  • Presents the KDE desktop and covers using Konqueror to manage files, start programs, and browse the Web.
  • Covers the GNOME desktop and the Nautilus file manager.
  • Explains how to customize your desktop to please your senses and help you work more efficiently.
  • Covers the Bourne Again Shell (

    bash) in three chapters, including an entire chapter on shell programming that includes many sample shell scripts.

  • Explains the command line interface (CLI) and introduces more than 30 command line utilities.
  • Presents a tutorial on the

    vim (

    vi work-alike) textual editor.

  • Covers types of networks, network protocols, and network utilities.
  • Explains hostnames, IP addresses, and subnets, and explores how to use

    host and

    dig to look up domain names and IP addresses on the Internet.

  • Covers distributed computing and the client/server model.
System Administration
  • Explains how to use the Fedora/RHEL

    system-config-* tools to configure the display, DNS, Apache, a network interface, and more. You can also use these tools to add users and manage local and remote printers. (See page 429 for a list of these tools.)

  • Describes how to use the following tools to download software and keep a system current:
  • yum—Downloads and installs software packages from the Internet, keeping a system up-to-date and resolving dependencies as it processes the packages. You can run

    yum manually or set it up to run automatically every night.

  • BitTorrent—Good for distributing large amounts of data such as the Fedora installation DVD and the live media CD/DVD. The more people who use BitTorrent to download a file, the faster it works.
  • up2date—The Red Hat Enterprise Linux tool for keeping system software current.

  • Covers graphical system administration tools, including the Main menu, GNOME and KDE menu systems, KDE Control Center, and KDE Control panel.
  • Explains system operation, including the boot process, init scripts, emergency mode, rescue mode, single-user and multiuser modes, and steps to take if the system crashes.
  • Describes files, directories, and filesystems, including types of files and filesystems,

    fstab (the filesystem table), automatically mounted filesystems, filesystem integrity checks, filesystem utilities, and fine-tuning of filesystems.

  • Covers backup utilities including

    tar,

    cpio,

    dump, and

    restore.

  • Explains how to customize and build a Linux kernel.
Security
  • Helps you manage basic system security issues using

    ssh (secure shell), vsftpd (secure FTP server), Apache (the httpd Web server),

    iptables (firewall), and more.

  • Presents a complete section on SELinux (Security Enhanced Linux), including instructions for using

    system-config-selinux to configure SELinux.

  • Covers using

    system-config-firewall to set up a basic firewall to protect the system.

  • Provides instructions on using

    iptables to share an Internet connection over a LAN and to build advanced firewalls.

  • Describes how to set up a

    chroot jail to protect a server system.

  • Explains how to use TCP wrappers to control who can access a server.
  • Covers controlling servers using the xinetd superserver.
Clients and Servers
  • Explains how to set up and use the most popular Linux servers, providing a chapter on each: Apache, Samba, OpenSSH, sendmail, DNS, NFS, FTP, NIS and LDAP,

    iptables (all of which are included with Fedora/RHEL).

  • Describes how to set up a CUPS printer server.
  • Describes how to set up and use a DHCP server.
Programming
  • Covers programming tools including the GNU

    gcc compiler, the

    gdb debugger,

    make, and CVS for managing source code.

  • Explains how to debug a C program.
  • Describes how to work with shared libraries.
  • Provides a complete chapter on shell programming using

    bash, including many examples.

Details

Chapter 1 presents a brief history of Linux and explains some of the features that make it a cutting-edge operating system. The “Conventions Used in This Book” (page 16) section details the typefaces and terminology this book uses.

Part I, “Installing Fedora and Red Hat Enterprise Linux,” discusses how to install Fedora/RHEL. Chapter 2 presents an overview of the process of installing Fedora/RHEL, including hardware requirements, downloading and burning a CD/DVD, and planning the layout of the hard disk. Chapter 3 is a step-by-step guide to installing either Fedora or Red Hat Enterprise Linux and covers installing from a CD/DVD, a live session, a local hard disk, and installing over the network using FTP, NFS, or HTTP. It also shows how to set up the X Window System and customize your graphical user interface (GUI).

Part II, “Getting Started with Fedora and Red Hat Enterprise Linux,” familiarizes you with Fedora/RHEL, covering logging in, the GUI, utilities, the filesystem, and the shell. Chapter 4 introduces desktop features, including the panel and the Main menu; explains how to use Konqueror to manage files, run programs, and browse the Web; and covers finding documentation, dealing with login problems, and using the window manager. Chapter 5 introduces the shell command line interface, describes more than 30 useful utilities, and presents a tutorial on the

vim text editor. Chapter 6 discusses the Linux hierarchical filesystem, covering files, filenames, pathnames, working with directories, access permissions, and hard and symbolic links. Chapter 7 introduces the Bourne Again Shell (

bash) and discusses command line arguments and options, redirecting input to and output from commands, running programs in the background, and using the shell to generate and expand filenames.

TIP: Experienced users may want to skim Part II
If you have used a UNIX or Linux system before, you may want to skim over or skip some or all of the chapters in Part II. All readers should take a look at “Conventions Used in This Book” (page 16), which explains the typographic and layout conventions that this book uses, and “Getting the Facts: Where to Find Documentation” (page 114), which points out both local and remote sources of Linux/Fedora/RHEL documentation.

Part III, “Digging into Fedora and Red Hat Enterprise Linux,” goes into more detail about working with the system. Chapter 8 discusses the GUI and includes a section on how to run a graphical program on a remote system and have the display appear locally. The section on GNOME describes GNOME utilities and explains how to use the Nautilus file manager, including its spatial view, while the section on KDE explains more about Konqueror and KDE utilities. Chapter 9 extends the

bash coverage from Chapter 7, explaining how to redirect error output, avoid overwriting files, and work with job control, processes, startup files, important shell builtin commands, parameters, shell variables, and aliases. Chapter 10 explains networks, network security, and the Internet and discusses types of networks, subnets, protocols, addresses, hostnames, and various network utilities. The section on distributed computing describes the client/server model and some of the servers you can use on a network. Details of setting up and using clients and servers are reserved until Part V.

Part IV covers system administration. Chapter 11 discusses core concepts such as Superuser, SELinux (Security Enhanced Linux), system operation, general information about how to set up a server, DHCP, and PAM. Chapter 12 explains the Linux filesystem, going into detail about types of files, including special and device files, the use of

fsck to verify the integrity of and repair filesystems, and the use of

tune2fs to change filesystem parameters. Chapter 13 explains how to keep a system up-todate by downloading software from the Internet and installing it, including examples of using yum, BitTorrent, and RHEL’s

up2date utility. Chapter 14 explains how to set up the CUPS printing system so you can print on the local system as well as on remote systems. Chapter 15 details customizing and building a Linux kernel. Chapter 16 covers additional administration tasks, including setting up user accounts, backing up files, scheduling automated tasks, tracking disk usage, and solving general problems. Chapter 17 explains how to set up a local area network (LAN), including both hardware (including wireless) and software setup.

Part V goes into detail about setting up and running servers and connecting to them with clients. The chapters in this part of the book cover the following clients/servers:

  • OpenSSH—Set up an OpenSSH server and use

    sh,

    scp, and

    sftp to communicate securely over the Internet.

  • FTP—Set up a vsftpd secure FTP server and use any of several FTP clients to exchange files with the server.
  • Mail—Configure sendmail and use Webmail, POP3, or IMAP to retrieve email; use SpamAssassin to combat spam.
  • NIS and LDAP—Set up NIS to facilitate system administration of a LAN and LDAP to distribute information and authenticate users over a network.
  • NFS—Share filesystems between systems on a network.
  • Samba—Share filesystems and printers between Windows and Linux systems.
  • DNS/BIND—Set up a domain nameserver to let other systems on the Internet know the names and IP addresses of local systems they may need to contact.
  • iptables—Share a single Internet connection between systems on a LAN and set up a firewall to protect local systems.
  • Apache—Set up an HTTP server that serves Web pages that browsers can display.

Part VI covers programming. Chapter 27 discusses programming tools and environments available under Fedora/RHEL, including the C programming language and debugger,

make, shared libraries, and source code management using CVS. Chapter 28 goes into greater depth about shell programming using

bash, with the discussion being enhanced by extensive examples.

Part VII includes appendixes on regular expressions, helpful Web sites, system security, and free software. This part also includes an extensive glossary with more than 500 entries and a comprehensive index.Supplements

The author’s home page (www.sobell.com) contains downloadable listings of the longer programs from this book as well as pointers to many interesting and useful Linux sites on the World Wide Web, a list of corrections to the book, answers to even-numbered exercises, and a solicitation for corrections, comments, and suggestions.

Table of Contents

  • Chapter 1: Welcome to Linux
  • Part I: Installing Fedora and Red Hat Enterprise Linux
  • Chapter 2: Installation
  • Chapter 3: Step-by-Step Installation
  • Part II: Using Fedora and Red Hat Enterprise Linux
  • Chapter 4: Introduction to Fedora and Red Hat Enterprise Linux
  • Chapter 5: The Shell
  • Chapter 6: The Linux Filesystem
  • Chapter 7: The Linux Utilities
  • Chapter 8: Networking and the Internet
  • Part III: System Administration
  • Chapter 9: The Bourne Again Shell (bash)
  • Chapter 10: System Administration: Core Concepts
  • Chapter 11: Files, Directories, and Filesystems
  • Chapter 12: Finding, Downloading, and Installing Software
  • Chapter 13: Printing with CUPS
  • Chapter 14: Building a Linux Kernel
  • Chapter 15: Administration Tasks
  • Chapter 16: Configuring and Monitoring a LAN
  • Chapter 17: Setting Up Virtual Machines Locally and in the Cloud
  • Part IV: Using Clients and Setting Up Servers
  • Chapter 18: OpenSSH: Secure Network Communication
  • Chapter 19: FTP: Transferring Files Across a Network
  • Chapter 20: sendmail: Setting Up Mail Servers, Clients, and More
  • Chapter 21: NIS and LDAP
  • Chapter 22: NFS: Sharing Directory Hierarchies
  • Chapter 23: Samba: Linux and Windows File and Printer Sharing
  • Chapter 24: DNS/BIND: Tracking Domain Names and Addresses
  • Chapter 25: firewalld and iptables: Setting Up a Firewall
  • Chapter 26: Apache (httpd): Setting Up a Web Server
  • Part V: Programming Tools
  • Chapter 27: Programming the Bourne Again Shell (bash)
  • Chapter 28: The Python Programming Language
  • Chapter 29: The MariaDB SQL Database Management System
  • Part VI: Appendixes
  • Appendix A: Regular Expressions
  • Appendix B: Help
  • Appendix C: Security Including GPG
  • Appendix D: Keeping the System Up-to-Date Using apt-get
  • Appendix E: LPI and CompTIA Certification
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