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Examining the figure of Aesop and the traditions surrounding him, Aesopic Conversations offers a portrait of what Greek popular culture might have looked like in the ancient world. What has survived from the literary record of antiquity is almost entirely the product of an elite of birth, wealth, and education, limiting our access to a fuller range of voices from the ancient past. This book, however, explores the anonymous Life of Aesop and offers a different set of perspectives. Leslie Kurke argues that the traditions surrounding this strange text, when read with and against the works of Greek high culture, allow us to reconstruct an ongoing conversation of "great" and "little" traditions spanning centuries.
Evidence going back to the fifth century BCE suggests that Aesop participated in the practices of nonphilosophical wisdom (sophia) while challenging it from below, and Kurke traces Aesop's double relation to this wisdom tradition. She also looks at the hidden influence of Aesop in early Greek mimetic or narrative prose writings, focusing particularly on the Socratic dialogues of Plato and the Histories of Herodotus. Challenging conventional accounts of the invention of Greek prose and recognizing the problematic sociopolitics of humble prose fable, Kurke provides a new approach to the beginnings of prose narrative and what would ultimately become the novel.
Delving into Aesop, his adventures, and his crafting of fables, Aesopic Conversations shows how this low, noncanonical figure was--unexpectedly--central to the construction of ancient Greek literature.
List of Illustrations xi
Acknowledgments xiii
Abbreviations xvii
INTRODUCTION
I. An Elusive Quarry: In Search of Ancient Greek Popular Culture 2
II. Explaining the Joke: A Road Map for Classicists 16
III. Synopsis of Method and Structure of Argument 46
PART I: Competitive Wisdom and Popular Culture 51
CHAPTER 1: Aesop and the Contestation of Delphic Authority 53
I. Ideological Tensions at Delphi 54
II. Th e Aesopic Critique 59
III. Neoptolemus and Aesop: Sacrifi ce, Hero Cult, and Competitive Scapegoating 75
CHAPTER 2: Sophia before/beyond Philosophy 95
I. Th e Tradition of Sophia 95
II. Sophists and (as) Sages 102
III. Aristotle and the Transformation of Sophia 115
CHAPTER 3: Aesop as Sage: Political Counsel and Discursive Practice 125
I. Aesop among the Sages 125
II. Political Animals: Fable and the Scene of Advising 142
CHAPTER 4: Reading the Life: Th e Progress of a Sage and the Anthropology of Sophia 159
I. An Aesopic Anthropology of Wisdom 160
II. Aesop and Ahiqar 176
III. Delphic Th e?ria and the Death of a Sage 185
IV. Th e Bricoleur as Culture Hero, or the Art of Extorting Self-Incrimination 191
CHAPTER 5: Th e Aesopic Parody of High Wisdom 202
I. Demystifying Sophia: Hesiod, Th eognis, and the Seven Sages 204
II. Aesopic Parody in the Visual Tradition? 224
PART II: Aesop and the Invention of Greek Prose 239
CHAPTER 6: Aesop at the Invention of Philosophy 241
Prelude to Part II: Th e Problematic Sociopolitics of Mimetic Prose 241
I. Mim?sis and the Invention of Philosophy 244
II. Th e Generic Affi liations of S?kratikoi logoi 251
CHAPTER 7: Th e Battle over Prose: Fable in Sophistic Education and Xenophon's
Memorabilia 265
I. Sophistic Fables 268
II. Traditional Fable Narration in Xenophon's Memorabilia 288
CHAPTER 8: Sophistic Fable in Plato: Parody, Appropriation, and Transcendence 301
I. Plato's Protagoras: Debunking Sophistic Fable 301
II. Plato's Symposium: Ringing the Changes on Fable 308
CHAPTER 9: Aesop in Plato's S?kratikoi Logoi: Analogy, Elenchos, and Disavowal 325
I. Sophia into Philosophy: Socrates between the Sages and Aesop 326
II. Th e Aesopic Bricoleur and the "Old Socratic Tool-Box" 330
III. Sympotic Wisdom, Comedy, and Aesopic Competition in Hippias Major 344
CHAPTER 10: Histori? and Logopoiïa: Two Sides of Herodotean Prose 361
I. History before Prose, Prose before History 362
II. Aesop Ho Logopoios 370
III. Plutarch Reading Herodotus: Aesop, Ruptures of Decorum, and the Non-Greek 382
CHAPTER 11: Herodotus and Aesop: Some Soundings 398
I. Cyrus Tells a Fable 400
II. Greece and (as) Fable, or Resignifying the Hierarchy of Genre 404
III. Fable as History 412
IV. Th e Aesopic Contract of the Histories: Herodotus Teaches His Readers 426
Bibliography 433
Index Locorum 463
General Index 478
Overview
Examining the figure of Aesop and the traditions surrounding him, Aesopic Conversations offers a portrait of what Greek popular culture might have looked like in the ancient world. What has survived from the literary record of antiquity is almost entirely the product of an elite of birth, wealth, and education, limiting our access to a fuller range of voices from the ancient past. This book, however, explores the anonymous Life of Aesop and offers a different set of perspectives. Leslie Kurke argues that the ...