American Noir: Underground Writers and Filmmakers of the Postwar Era

Overview

B-movies, crime novels, science fiction- all of these forms of mass media came into their own in the 1950s. Dismissed by critics as dehumanizing to both author and audience, these genres unflinchingly exposed the depths of American life at a time when it was not politically correct to do so.

David Cochran details how, at the height of the Cold War, ten writers and filmmakers challenged such social pieties as the superiority of American democracy, the benevolence of free ...

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Overview

B-movies, crime novels, science fiction- all of these forms of mass media came into their own in the 1950s. Dismissed by critics as dehumanizing to both author and audience, these genres unflinchingly exposed the depths of American life at a time when it was not politically correct to do so.

David Cochran details how, at the height of the Cold War, ten writers and filmmakers challenged such social pieties as the superiority of American democracy, the benevolence of free enterprise, and the sanctity of the suburban family. Rod Serling's The Twilight Zone related stories of victims of vast, faceless bureaucratic powers. Jim Thompson's The Grifters portrayed the ravages of capitalism on those at the bottom of the social ladder. Patricia Highsmith's The Talented Mr. Ripley featured an amoral con man who infiltrated the privileged class and wreaked havoc once there.

All of these artists helped to set the stage for the 1960s counterculture's challenge to the established order. In doing so, they blurred the lines between "high" and "low" art.

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Editorial Reviews

London Review of Books
Detailing how ten writers and filmmakers probed such Cold War social pieties as the superiority of American democracy, the benevolence of free enterprise, and the sanctity of the suburban family, David Cochran argues that such artists as Patricia Highsmith and Rod Serling pioneered a detached, ironic sensibility that radically juxtaposed cultural references and blurred distinctions between 'high' and 'low' art.
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Product Details

  • ISBN-13: 9781560988137
  • Publisher: Smithsonian Institution Press
  • Publication date: 5/1/1900
  • Pages: 280
  • Product dimensions: 6.47 (w) x 9.38 (h) x 0.97 (d)

Read an Excerpt

About halfway through Charles Willeford's debut novel, High Priest of California (1953), the narrator, Russell Haxby, a successful though amoral used-car salesman, drops off his date Alyce. Unsuccessful in his immediate attempt to seduce her, Haxby has nonetheless begun formulating a long-term strategy toward achieving his goal. Before returning home, he walks into a tavern and orders a drink. Sitting at the bar, he surveys the other customers, noticing the man next to him is approximately his size. Then, without warning or provocation, Haxby says, "I put my drink down, raised my elbow level with my shoulder, and spun on my heel. My elbow caught him just below the eye. He raised a beer bottle over his head and my fist caught him flush on the jaw. He dropped to the floor and lay still. I threw a half-dollar on the bar and left. No one looked in my direction as I closed the door." Returning home, Haxby puts the "Romeo and Juliet Overture" on the turntable. "I poured a glass full of gin and played the overture several times while I finished the drink. After this emotional bath I felt wonderful. I went to bed and slept soundly all night. Like a child."

With this one indelible scene, Willeford presented his vision of the quintessential postwar American man. Beneath the pleasant exterior of a successful used-car salesman lies a soul equally capable of lashing out in meaningless, anonymous violence or appreciating the beauty of Tchaikovsky. While at this point in the novel the events do not come as a complete surprise---earlier Haxby had kneed a parking attendant in the groin for pointing out that he had parked in the wrong spot---the realization that the core of his soul Haxby is utterly without conscience prepares the reader for the ultimate revelation that Haxby will treat the people in his life with the same cavalier disdain he shows toward his customers at the car lot.

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Table of Contents

Acknowledgments ix
Preface: Mapping the Underground Culture xi
Introduction: Within the Shell of the Old: The Creation of the Cold War Consensus and the Emergence of the Underground Culture 1
Part 1 The Killer inside Me: Roman Noir Authors 17
1 Slipping Deeper into Hell: Jim Thompson's Theology of Absurdity 19
2 "It's Always for Nothing": The Paperback Worldview of Charles Willeford 39
Part 2 Progress and Its Discontents: Science Fiction and Fantasy Authors 53
3 "I'm Being Ironic": Imperialism, Mass Culture, and the Fantastic World of Ray Bradbury 55
4 The Devil and Charles Beaumont 73
Part 3 Outside Looking In: Minority Artists 89
5 "So Much Nonsense Must Make Sense": The Black Vision of Chester Himes 91
6 "Some Torture That Perversely Eased": Patricia Highsmith and the Everyday Schizophrenia of American Life 114
Part 4 Little Shop of Horrors: Independent Filmmakers 131
7 "Lots of Socko": The Independent Cinematic Vision of Samuel Fuller 133
8 Roger Corman's Low-Budget Modernism 151
Part 5 Cracks in the Consensus: Liberal Artists 173
9 Richard Condon and the Paranoid Surreal Style in American Politics 175
10 Another Dimension: Rod Serling, Consensus Liberalism, and The Twilight Zone 194
Conclusion: The Emancipation of Dissonance 215
Notes 223
Bibliography 261
Index 275
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