Apache: The Definitive Guide: The Definitive Guide, 3rd Edition

by Ben Laurie, Peter Laurie

Overview

Apache is far and away the most widely used web server platform in the world. This versatile server runs more than half of the world's existing web sites. Apache is both free and rock-solid, running more than 21 million web sites ranging from huge e-commerce operations to corporate intranets and smaller hobby sites.With this new third edition of Apache: The Definitive Guide, web administrators new to Apache will come up to speed quickly, and experienced administrators will find the logically organized, concise reference sections indispensable, and system programmers interested in customizing their servers will rely on the chapters on the API and Apache modules.Updated to cover the changes in Apache's latest release, 2.0, as well as Apache 1.3, this useful guide discusses how to obtain, set up, secure, modify, and troubleshoot the Apache software on both Unix and Windows systems. Dozens of clearly written examples provide the answers to the real-world issues that Apache administrators face everyday. In addition to covering the installation and configuration of mod_perl and Tomcat, the book examines PHP, Cocoon, and other new technologies that are associated with the Apache web server. Additional coverage of security and the Apache 2.0 API make Apache: The Definitive Guide, Third Edition essential documentation for the world's most popular web server.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9781449366544
Publisher:	O'Reilly Media, Incorporated
Publication date:	12/18/2002
Sold by:	Barnes & Noble
Format:	eBook
Pages:	590
File size:	5 MB

About the Author

Ben Laurie is the coauthor of Apache: The Definitive Guide, Technical Director of A.L. Digital Ltd. and The Bunker, a director of the Apache Software Foundation, author of Apache-SSL and a core team member of OpenSSL. As well as his obvious involvement with free software, he's also obsessed with security and privacy, particularly on the net. In his copious spare time, he writes stuff, sometimes code, sometimes words.

Coauthor of Apache: The Definitive Guide, 3nd Edition

Table of Contents

	Preface	xi
1.	Getting Started	1
	What Does a Web Server Do?	1
	How Apache Works	4
	Apache and Networking	5
	How HTTP Clients Work	9
	What Happens at the Server End?	12
	Planning the Apache Installation	13
	Windows?	14
	Which Apache?	15
	Installing Apache	16
	Building Apache 1.3.X Under Unix	19
	New Features in Apache v2	30
	Making and Installing Apache v2 Under Unix	32
	Apache Under Windows	33
2.	Configuring Apache: The First Steps	37
	What's Behind an Apache Web Site?	37
	site.toddle	39
	Setting Up a Unix Server	40
	Setting Up a Win32 Server	52
	Directives	55
	Shared Objects	57
3.	Toward a Real Web Site	60
	More and Better Web Sites: site.simple	60
	Butterthlies, Inc., Gets Going	63
	Block Directives	66
	Other Directives	69
	HTTP Response Headers	78
	Restarts	82
	.htaccess	83
	CERN Metafiles	83
	Expirations	84
4.	Virtual Hosts	86
	Two Sites and Apache	86
	Virtual Hosts	86
	Two Copies of Apache	90
	Dynamically Configured Virtual Hosting	93
5.	Authentication	98
	Authentication Protocol	98
	Authentication Directives	100
	Passwords Under Unix	104
	Passwords Under Win32	105
	Passwords over the Web	106
	From the Client's Point of View	106
	CGI Scripts	106
	Variations on a Theme	106
	Order, Allow, and Deny	107
	DBM Files on Unix	110
	Digest Authentication	113
	Anonymous Access	117
	Experiments	119
	Automatic User Information	120
	Using .htaccess Files	121
	Overrides	123
6.	Content Description and Modification	125
	MIME Types	125
	Content Negotiation	132
	Language Negotiation	133
	Type Maps	136
	Browsers and HTTP/1.1	139
	Filters	140
7.	Indexing	143
	Making Better Indexes in Apache	143
	Making Our Own Indexes	152
	Imagemaps	156
	Image Map Directives	159
8.	Redirection	162
	Alias	163
	Rewrite	170
	Speling	177
9.	Proxying	178
	Security	178
	Proxy Directives	179
	Apparent Bug	182
	Performance	183
	Setup	186
10.	Logging	191
	Logging by Script and Database	191
	Apache's Logging Facilities	192
	Configuration Logging	199
	Status	202
11.	Security	205
	Internal and External Users	206
	Binary Signatures, Virtual Cash	208
	Certificates	211
	Firewalls	213
	Legal Issues	217
	Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)	217
	Apache's Security Precautions	218
	SSL Directives	233
	Cipher Suites	251
	Security in Real Life	257
	Future Directions	261
12.	Running a Big Web Site	263
	Machine Setup	263
	Server Security	263
	Managing a Big Site	267
	Supporting Software	269
	Scalability	275
	Load Balancing	277
13.	Building Applications	291
	Web Sites as Applications	291
	Providing Application Logic	295
	XML, XSLT, and Web Applications	299
14.	Server-Side Includes	301
	File Size	304
	File Modification Time	304
	Includes	305
	Execute CGI	305
	Echo	306
	Apache v2: SSI Filters	307
15.	PHP	310
	Installing PHP	310
	Site.php	311
16.	CGI and Perl	316
	The World of CGI	316
	Telling Apache About the Script	318
	Setting Environment Variables	334
	Cookies	335
	Script Directives	344
	SuEXEC on Unix	346
	Handlers	353
	Actions	355
	Browsers	356
17.	Mod_perl	359
	How mod_perl Works	360
	Mod_perl Documentation	361
	Installing mod_perl--The Simple Way	361
	Modifying Your Scripts to Run Under mod_perl	365
	Global Variables	365
	Strict Pregame	367
	Loading Changes	368
	Opening and Closing Files	368
	Configuring Apache to Use mod_perl	369
18.	Mod_jserv and Tomcat	372
	Mod_jserv	372
	Tomcat	384
	Connecting Tomcat to Apache	389
19.	XML and Cocoon	393
	XML	393
	XML and Perl	397
	Cocoon	397
	Cocoon 1.8 and JServ	397
	Cocoon 2.0.3 and Tomcat	400
	Testing Cocoon	401
20.	The Apache API	404
	Documentation	404
	APR	405
	Pools	405
	Per-Server Configuration	406
	Per-Directory Configuration	410
	Per-Request Information	413
	Access to Configuration and Request Information	417
	Hooks, Optional Hooks, and Optional Functions	417
	Filters, Buckets, and Bucket Brigades	426
	Modules	436
21.	Writing Apache Modules	438
	Overview	438
	Status Codes	440
	The Module Structure	442
	A Complete Example	477
	General Hints	493
	Porting to Apache 2.0	494
Appendix	The Apache 1.x API	499
	Index	553