Armour: Materials, Theory, and Design

by Paul J. Hazell

Overview

Highlights Recent Advances in Materials/Armour Technology

As long as conflict exists in the world, protection technologies will always be in demand. Armour: Materials, Theory, and Design describes the existing and emerging protection technologies that are currently driving the latest advances in armour systems. This book explains the theory, applications, and material science aspects of modern armour design as they are used in relation to vehicles, ships, personnel, and buildings, and explores the science and technology used to provide protection against blasts and ballistic attacks. It covers materials technologies used in protection; addresses the system effects of adding blast-wave shaping to vehicles, as well as the effect on the human body; and outlines ballistic testing techniques.

Takes a Look at How Armour Works

The book discusses ceramics for armour applications; transparent armour; and metals for armour applications (including aluminium alloys, magnesium alloys, titanium alloys and steels); as well as composite armour systems; explosive reactive armour systems with reference to defensive aid suites for vehicles; and wound ballistics. In addition, the author lists more than 100 references for advanced study and further reading.

Armour: Materials, Theory, and Design introduces a variety of armour technologies, outlines modern threats and dangers applicable to protection technology, and aids readers in implementing protective structures that can be used in battle, conflict, military zones, and other related environments.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9781482238297
Publisher:	Taylor & Francis
Publication date:	07/29/2015
Pages:	395
Product dimensions:	6.10(w) x 9.00(h) x 1.00(d)

About the Author

Paul J. Hazell is a professor of impact dynamics at UNSW Australia. His main research interests are shock loading, penetration mechanics, and lightweight armour optimization. He also teaches courses related to terminal ballistics and armour design at the Australian Defence Force Academy in Canberra. Prior to coming to Australia, he worked for Cranfield University at the Defence Academy of the United Kingdom at Shrivenham. Hazell graduated from the University of Leeds in 1992 with a BEng (Hons) degree in mechanical engineering, and pursued his doctoral studies at the Shrivenham campus of Cranfield University (at the Royal Military College of Science).

Table of Contents

Introduction
Survivability and Onions
Some Basic Concepts
The Disposition of Armour
Early Applications
Early Empirical Models of Penetration
Summary
An Introduction to Materials
Introduction
A Quick Introduction to the Structure of Materials
Stress and Strain
Elasticity
Strength
Hardness
Dynamic Behaviour of Materials
Summary
Bullets, Blast, Jets and Fragments
Introduction
Small-Arms Ammunition
Higher-Calibre KE Rounds
Explosive Materials
Shaped-Charge
Explosively Formed Projectiles
High-Explosive Squash Head
Fragments
Summary
Penetration Mechanics
Introduction
Failure Mechanisms
Penetration Analysis
Hydrodynamic Penetration
A Brief Look at Computational Approaches
Summary
Stress Waves
Introduction
Calculation of the Particle Velocity
Elastic Waves
Inelastic Waves
Shock Waves
Rankine-Hugoniot Equations
Summary
Metallic Armour Materials and Structures
Introduction
Properties and Processing of Metallic Armour
Metallic Armour Materials
Sandwich Structures
Summary
Ceramic Armour
Introduction
Structure of Armour Ceramics
Processing of Ceramics
Properties of Ceramic
Early Studies on Ceramic Armour
Cone Formation
High-Velocity Impact Studies
Studies on the Subject of Dwell
Shock Studies in Ceramic Materials
Modelling Ceramic Impact
Current Application and Challenges
Comparing with Other Materials
Improving Performance
Transparent Armour Materials
Summary
Woven Fabrics and Composite Laminates for Armour Applications
Introduction
Basics
Manufacturing Processes of Composite Laminates
Fibrous Materials for Armour Applications
Spall Shields
A Word about Sandwich Constructions
Summary
Reactive Armour Systems
Introduction
Explosive-Reactive Armour
Bulging Armour
Electric and Electromagnetic Developments
Hard-Kill DASs
Summary: What about the Future?
Human Vulnerability
Introduction
Human Response to Ballistic Loading
Human Response to Blast Loading
Limiting Blast Mine Injury to Vehicle Occupants
Summary
Blast and Ballistic Testing Techniques
Introduction
Ballistic Testing Techniques
Blast and Fragmentation Testing Techniques
Summary
Glossary
References

Editorial Reviews

"This book explains the theory, applications, and material science aspects of modern armour design… examines different areas of the advanced threat and armour protection in the light of new development and gives a lot of examples of the increases in performance possible to expect."
—Advances in Military Technology, 2015

"… a valuable resource … I predict it will be on the shelves of all researchers in this field in no time. It is full of relevant examples, material information, and illustrations that provide the reader with a complete picture of penetration mechanics in a wide variety of materials. … well-researched and combines some of the latest approaches with classical theories resulting in a full picture of armor penetration. I really like Professor Hazell’s writing style and I am certain my students will enjoy the book as well.
—Don Carlucci, Co-Author, Ballistics, Theory and Design of Guns and Ammunition

"…I found the book extremely informative. While the actual design of armor and the defeat of it has the basis in much deeper mathematics and studies than covered in the book, it provides the full overview and references needed for a full perspective. This book will be highly useful to materials scientists and engineers beyond those explicitly interested in armor and munitions, as the mathematics and mechanics of materials presented in the book are of immediate use to anyone researching impact-absorbing materials. Relevant fields range from medical implants to civil and automotive engineering. The classical knowledge of armor and impact could also find relevance in fields of ion bombardment and nanomanufacturing techniques. I can also see this as a good short-course textbook for undergraduate and even graduate mechanics of materials classes, as it clearly illustrates practical examples of how the mechanics, composition, and formulation of materials affect their ability to damage or withstand damage from another material. Additionally, the book contains useful charts and tables that summarize the mechanical attributes (e.g., fracture toughness, Young's modulus)."
—MRS Bulletin, July 2016

From the Publisher