Acknowledgments
Introduction: Invisible Surrealists
Part 1. The First Black Surrealists
Martinique
Etienne Léro
Légitime Défense Manifesto
Civilization
And the Ramps
Abandon
Put
Simone Yoyotte
Pyjama-Speed
Pierre Yoyotte
Theory of the Fountain
Antifascist Significance of Surrealism
Maurice-Sabas Quitman
Paradise on Earth
Jules Monnerot
On Certain Traits Particular to the Civilized Mentality
Indispensable Poetry
Yva Léro
Little Black Divers
Aimé Césaire
Négreries
Jamaica
Claude McKay
Down to the Roots
Cuba
Juan Breá
My Life Is a Sunday
Thoughts
Juan Breá and Mary Low
Notes on the Economic Causes of Humor
Trinidad
C.L.R. James
Introduction to Red Spanish Notebook
Part 2. Tropiques: Surrealism in the Caribbean
Martinique
Aimé Césaire
Panorama
Introduction to Black American Poetry
In the Guise of a Literary Manifesto
Keeping Poetry Alive
Isidore Ducasse, Comte de Lautréamont
Suzanne Césaire
Poverty of a Poetry
Aimé Césaire, Suzanne Césaire et al.
Voice of the Oracle
René Ménil
Introduction to the Marvelous
The Orientation of Poetry
What Does Africa Mean to Us?
Poetry, Jazz & Freedom
Lucie Thésée
Preference
Georges Gratiant
Extinct Volcano
Aristide Maugée
Aimé Césaire, Poet
Review of Reviews
Georgette Anderson
Symbolism, Maeterlinck & the Marvelous
Stéphane Jean-Alexis
A Note on Chance
Cuba
Wifredo Lam
Picasso
Arrows in Rapid Flight
Agustín Cárdenas
One, Two, Three
Jacques Roumain
When the Tom-Tom Beats
Haiti
Clément Magloire-Saint-Aude
Utterances
Talismans
Not the Legend
Three Poems
The Surrealist Record
On Poetry
René Bélance
Awareness
Noise
Encounter with Life
Hervé Télémaque
Why Are You Performing, Jean?
Dominican Republic
Aída Cartagena Portalatín
Moon and Marble
Trinidad
John Jacob Thomas
Creole Proverbs
John La Rose
Connecting Link
Puerto Rico
Luis A. Maisonet
Freedom of Expression for Young Children
Part 3. South America
Brazil
João Cruz e Souza
Black Rose
Tenebrous
Rosário Fusco
Wind in the Woods
Sosígenes Costa
The Golden Papyrus
The Red Peacock
Fernando Mendes de Almeida
Phantom Carrousel
Jorge de Lima
Howling Dogs
Guyana
Léon-Gontran Damas
For Sure
Good Breeding
A Caribbean View on Sterling A. Brown
A Single Instant of Belief
Negritude and Surrealism
Wilson Harris
Voodoo, Trance, Poetry and Dance
Colombia
Heriberto Cogollo
The World of a Nohor
Part 4. Africa
Egypt
Long Live Degenerate Art!
Georges Henein
Manifesto
Art and Freedom
Hot Jazz
Between the Eagle's Nest and the Mouse-Trap
Perspectives
Jacques Vaché
The Plain Truth
A Tribute to André Breton
Ikbal El Alailly
Portrait of the Author as a Young Rabbit
Post-Scriptum
Anwar Kamel
The Propagandists of Reaction and Us
Ramses Younane
What Comes After the Logic of Reason?
Victor Musgrave
Voices in the Twilight
Albert Cossery
The House of Certain Death
Joyce Mansour
Floating Islands
Fresh Cream
Forthwith to S
North Express
Response to an Inquiry on Magic Art
Morocco
Robert Benayoun
No Rhyme for Reason!
The Obscure Protests
Letter to Chicago
The Phoenix of Animation
Too Much Is Too Much
Comic Sounds
Abdellatif Laâbi
Rue du Retour
Tunisia
Farid Lariby
Pome Brut
Algeria
Henri Kréa
Never Forever Once More
Oh Yes
Jean-Michel Atlan
The Time Has Come to Call Up a World
Baya
The Big Bird
Habib Tengour
Maghrebian Surrealism
Senegal
Cheikh Tidiane Sylla
Surrealism and Black African Art
The Spirit of Unity--For Freedom
Congo
Tchicaya U Tam'si
Against Destiny
Mozambique
Inácio Matsinhe
Painting as a Contribution to Consciousness
I Became a Tortoise to Resist Torture
The Snake
Angola
Malangatana Valente Ngwenya
Survivor among Millions
Amílcar Cabral
National Liberation and Culture
Antonio Domingues
The Influence of Aimé Césaire in Portuguese-speaking Africa
Madagascar
Jean-Joseph Rabéarivelo
A Purple Star
South Africa
Dennis Brutus
The Sun on This Rubble
Poet against Apartheid
Part 5. Surrealist Beginnings in the United States, 1930s-1950s
Fenton Johnson
The Phantom Rabbit
Tired
George Herriman
Positivilly Marvillis
Jean Toomer
Essentials
Zora Neale Hurston
How the Gods Behave
Richard Wright
Lawd Today
Ralph Ellison
The Poetry of It
Bearden & the Destruction of the Accepted World
Russell Atkins
Upstood Upstaffed
Part 6. The 1950s Surrealist Underground in the United States
Ted Joans
Ted Joans Speaks
Bob Kaufman
Abomunist Manifesto
$$ Abomunus Craxioms $$
Abomunist Election Manifesto
Tom Postell
Gertrude Stein Rides the Torn Down El to NYC
Harmony
Percy Edward Johnston
Variations on a Theme
Part 7. Surrealism, Black Power, Black Arts
Ted Joans
Proposition for a Black Power Manifesto
Hart Leroy Bibbs
Hurricane
Black Spring
Jayne Cortez
National Security
Making it
St. Clair Drake
Negritude and Pan-Africanism
Edward A. Jones
The Birth of Black Awareness
Ishmael Reed
Boxing on Paper
Katherine Dunham
Ballet Nègre
Notes on the Dance
Melvin Edwards
Lynch Fragments
Joseph Jarman
Odawalla
Oliver Pitcher
Jean-Jacques
Frank London Brown
Jazz
Pony Poindexter
Jazz Is More French Than American
Anthony Braxton
Earth Music
Thelonious Monk
Three Score
Cecil Taylor
The Musician
Ornette Coleman
Harmolodic = Highest Instinct
Sun Ra
Cosmic Equation
The Endless Realm
Babs Gonzales
I Paid My Dues
A.B. Spellman
The New Thing in Jazz
Dizzy Gillespie
Gertrude Abercrombie
Part 8. Toward the New Millennium: The Mid-1970s through the 1990s
Aimé Césaire
My Joyful Acceptance of Surrealism
Homage to Frantz Fanon
Jayne Cortez
There It Is
What's Ugly
Poetry Music Technology
Everything Can Be Transformed
Taking the Blues Back Home
Léon Damas
Mainstream Statement
Larry's Time
Amiri Baraka
The Changing Same
James G. Spady
Larry Neal Never Forgot Philly
Charlotte Carter
On Film
Robin D.G. Kelley
Reflections on Malcolm X
Norman Calmese
My Discovery of Surrealism
Cheikh Tidiane Sylla
Time-Traveler's Potlatch
Ted Joans
Kaufman Is a Bird Called Bob
Cogollo
Part 9. Looking Ahead: Surrealism Today and Tomorrow
Aimé Césaire
I Do Not Agree to Receive the Minister
Robin D.G. Kelley
Surrealism
Ayana Karanja
Contemplation
Melvin Edwards
Thinking about Surrealism
T.J. Anderson III
At Last Roundup
Vaudeville 1951
Michael Stone-Richards
Surrealist Subversion in Everyday Life (with Julien Lenoir)
Ron Allen
Revelation
Conversation between Eye and Mouth
Anthony Joseph
How Surrealism Found Me
Extending Out to Brightness
Patrick Turner
Unrestricted Images
Adrienne Kennedy
People Who Led Me to My Plays
Tyree Guyton
There Is a True Magic Here
Henry Dumas
Will the Circle Be Unbroken?
Deusdedit de Morais
Café de Cherbourg
Jayne Cortez
Poetry Coming as Blues and Blues Coming as Poetry
Free Time Friction
Afterword: Surrealism and the Creation of a Desirable Future, by Robin D.G. Kelley
Bibliography
Index
Overview
Yet in the vast critical literature ...