Bluetooth Demystified / Edition 1

by Nathan J Muller

Overview

This guide is for graphic designers who want best-practices advice on how to get and keep clients while doing their best work. In a series of in-depth interviews covering a wide range of industries, top professionals reveal the principles of an effective and creative client-designer relationship: Brooks Brothers and Desgrippes Gobe; Grand Union Supermarkets and Milton Glaser, Inc.; Lomas Financial and the Richards Group; Farber & Farber and Pentagram; Abiomed and Weymouth Design; Sci. Arc and April Greiman; the Episcopal Church and Fallon McElliot; and many more. Readers will also find out how to meet and court potential clients, learn the lingo, make effective presentations, and keep clients coming back. This guide offers designers tools for identifying what is distinct about their services and what they can do to market themselves; handling proposals and contracts; and getting referrals from existing clients.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780071363235
Publisher:	McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing
Publication date:	09/08/2000
Series:	Demystified
Pages:	416
Product dimensions:	7.53(w) x 9.32(h) x 0.92(d)

About the Author

Nathan J. Muller (Huntsville, AL) is a consultant who specializes in telecommunications. He has written 1500 articles for nearly 50 magazines and 14 other books, including The Totally Wired Web Toolkit.

Table of Contents

	Preface	xv
1	The Case for Bluetooth	1
	What About Infrared?	2
	Infrared and Bluetooth?	3
	Speed Differential	4
	Wireless to Wireline	4
	Dialup to the Internet	5
	How About Wireless Lans?	6
	HomeRF Networks	8
	Bluetooth Advantage	13
	Origin of Bluetooth	14
	What's With the Name?	15
	Bluetooth Technology	16
	Types of Links	17
	Ad Hoc Networking	17
	Voice over Bluetooth	18
	Video over Bluetooth	19
	Radio Link	21
	Interference	21
	Safety	22
	Personal Area Networks	22
	Bluetooth Topology	23
	Security	25
	What Can You Do With Bluetooth?	26
	Presentations	26
	Card Scanning	27
	Collaboration	27
	Synchronizing Data	27
	Remote Synchronization	28
	Printing	28
	In-Car Systems	29
	Communicator Platforms	29
	Electronic Books	30
	Travel	31
	Home Entertainment	32
	Payment Systems	32
	Scanners	33
	Behavior Enforcement	34
	Mobile E-commerce	34
	Java and Bluetooth	37
	Jini and Bluetooth	38
	Other Connectivity Solutions	40
	JetSend	40
	HAVi	41
	Global 3G Wireless Framework	42
	Problems with Bluetooth	44
	Bluetooth Qualification Program	45
	Market for Bluetooth	45
	Summary	46
2	Basic Concepts	49
	Serial versus Parallel	50
	Serial Transmission	51
	Parallel Transmission	51
	Asynchronous versus Synchronous	53
	Asynchronous	54
	Synchronous	57
	Spread Spectrum	60
	Spreading	62
	Direct Sequence	64
	Frequency Hopping	65
	Circuit and Packet Switching	66
	Time Division Duplexing	68
	Physical Links	74
	SCO Links	74
	ACL Links	75
	Peeking into Packets	75
	Bluetooth Packets	77
	Access Code	77
	Header	79
	Payload	81
	Logical Channels	82
	Client-Server Architecture	83
	Architectural Model	83
	Service Discovery	86
	Summary	88
3	Bluetooth Protocol Architecture	89
	What Are Protocols?	90
	Open Systems Interconnection	91
	Application Layer	92
	Presentation Layer	94
	Session Layer	95
	Transport Layer	96
	Network Layer	97
	Data-Link Layer	98
	Physical Layer	99
	Bluetooth Protocol Stack	101
	Bluetooth Core Protocols	103
	Baseband	104
	Link Manager Protocol (LMP)	104
	Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol	105
	Service Discovery Protocol (SDP)	105
	Cable Replacement Protocols	105
	RFCOMM	105
	Telephony Control Protocols	107
	Adopted Protocols	107
	PPP	107
	TCP/UDP/IP	108
	OBEX Protocol	110
	Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)	111
	WAP Applications Environment (WAE)	113
	Content Formats	116
	Usage Models and Profiles	118
	Summary	120
4	Link Management	121
	Types of PDUs	123
	General Response Messages	127
	Authentication	127
	Pairing	128
	Changing the Link Key	129
	Changing the Current Link Key	130
	Changing a Temporary Link Key	130
	Encryption	131
	Clock Offset Request	133
	Slot Offset Information	133
	Timing Accuracy Information Request	134
	LMP Version	134
	Supported Features	136
	Switching of Master-Slave Role	136
	Name Request	137
	Detach	137
	Hold Mode	137
	Sniff Mode	138
	Park Mode	139
	Power Control	140
	Channel Quality-Driven Change of Data Rate	141
	Quality of Service (QoS)	142
	SCO Links	143
	Control of Multi-Slot Packets	144
	Paging Scheme	145
	Link Supervision	146
	Connection Establishment	146
	Test Modes	147
	Error Handling	147
	Summary	148
5	Logical Link Control	149
	L2CAP Functions	151
	Basic Operation	152
	Channel Identifiers	153
	Segmentation and Reassembly	154
	State Machine	155
	Events	157
	Actions	161
	Channel Operational States	163
	Mapping Events to Actions	164
	Data Packet Format	168
	Connection-Oriented Channel	168
	Connectionless Data Channel	169
	Signaling	170
	Packet Structure	170
	Signaling Commands	171
	Configuration Parameter Options	173
	Packet Structure	173
	Options	174
	Configuration Process	175
	Service Primitives	176
	Event Indication	176
	Connect	176
	Connect Response	177
	Configure	177
	Configuration Response	177
	Disconnect	177
	Write	177
	Read	178
	Group Create	178
	Group Close	178
	Group Add Member	178
	Group Remove Member	178
	Get Group Membership	179
	Ping	179
	Get Info	179
	Disable Connectionless Traffic	179
	Enable Connectionless Traffic	179
	Summary	179
6	Bluetooth General Profiles	181
	Generic Access Profile	182
	Common Parameters	184
	Idle Mode Procedures	186
	Bonding	187
	Establishment Procedures	188
	Serial Port Profile	190
	Application-Level Procedures	191
	Power Mode and Link Loss Handling	193
	RS-232 Control Signals	193
	L2CAP Interoperability Requirements	194
	SDP Interoperability Requirements	195
	Link Manager Interoperability Requirements	195
	Service Discovery Application Profile	196
	Client and Server Roles	197
	Pairing	199
	Service Discovery Application	200
	Message Sequence	202
	Service Discovery	202
	Signaling	203
	Configuration Options	204
	SDP Transactions and L2CAP Connections	204
	Link Manager	206
	Link Control	208
	Generic Object Exchange Profile (GOEP)	210
	Profile Stack	211
	Server and Client	211
	Profile Basics	212
	Features	213
	OBEX Operations	213
	Summary	214
7	Bluetooth Profiles for Usage Models	217
	Intercom Profile	218
	Call Procedures	221
	Message Summary	223
	Call Failure	223
	Cordless Telephony Profile	225
	Device Roles	226
	Typical Call Scenarios	227
	Features	229
	Terminal-to-Gateway Connection	230
	Terminal-to-Terminal Connection	231
	Call Control	232
	Group Management	234
	Periodic Key Update	235
	Inter-Piconet Capability	236
	Service Discovery Procedures	236
	LMP Procedures	237
	Link Control Features	238
	GAP Compliance	239
	Headset Profile	241
	Profile Restrictions	243
	Basic Operation	243
	Features	244
	Link Control Features	246
	GAP Compliance	247
	Dialup Networking Profile	248
	Profile Restrictions	250
	Basic Operation	250
	Services	251
	Gateway Commands	251
	Audio Feedback	253
	Service Discovery Procedures	254
	Link Control Features	254
	GAP Compliance	254
	Fax Profile	256
	Profile Restrictions	257
	Basic Operation	258
	Services	259
	Gateway Commands	259
	Audio Feedback	260
	Service Discovery Procedures	260
	Link Control Features	260
	GAP Compliance	260
	LAN Access Profile	261
	Profile Restrictions	263
	Basic Operation	264
	Security	265
	GAP Compliance	265
	Service Discovery Procedures	266
	Link Control	267
	Management Entity Procedures	267
	File Transfer Profile	268
	Basic Operation	270
	Functions	270
	Features	271
	OBEX Operations	272
	Service Discovery Procedures	273
	Object Push Profile	273
	Functions	275
	Basic Operation	276
	Features	277
	Content Formats	277
	OBEX Operations	278
	Service Discovery Procedures	278
	Synchronization Profile	279
	Basic Operation	281
	Features	283
	OBEX Operations	284
	Service Discovery Procedures	284
	Summary	286
8	Bluetooth Security	289
	Security Modes	290
	Link-level Security	291
	A Matter of Trust	292
	Flexible Access	293
	Implementation	293
	Architecture Overview	294
	Security Level of Services	296
	Connection Setup	296
	Authentication on Baseband Link Setup	297
	Protocol Stack Handling	298
	Registration Procedures	299
	External Key Management	301
	Access Control Procedures	301
	Connectionless L2CAP	301
	Security Manager	301
	Interface to L2CAP	305
	Interface to Other Multiplexing Protocols	306
	Interface to ESCE	306
	Registration Procedures	306
	Interface to HCI/Link Manager	Interviews Exclusive Author Essay Coming Soon to a Device Near You -- Bluetooth by Nathan J. Muller A new wireless technology is poised to free us from the cable menace that continues to keep many of us shackled to our desks. This cable-conquering hero is Bluetooth, a wireless technology that provides voice and data transmission via short-range radio, allowing connections with a wide range of devices easily and quickly, without the need for cables. Up to eight devices can communicate with one another in a so-called "piconet." Among the many things you can do with this technology is swap data and synchronize files merely by having the devices come within range of one another. Images captured with a digital camera, for example, can be dropped off at a PC for editing or to a color printer for output on photo-quality paper -- all without having to connect cables, load files, open applications, or push buttons. The technology is a combination of circuit- and packet-switching, making it suitable for voice as well as data. Instead of fumbling with a cell phone while driving, you can wear a lightweight headset to answer a call and engage in a conversation without even taking the phone out of your briefcase or purse. Bluetooth can be combined with other technologies to offer wholly new capabilities, such as automatically lowering the ring volume of cell phones or shutting them off as users enter quiet zones like churches, restaurants, theaters, and classrooms. Upon leaving the quiet zone, the cell phones are returned to their original settings. The Technology No matter what the application, making connections between Bluetooth devices is as easy as powering them up. In fact, one advantage of Bluetooth is that it does not need to be set up -- it is always on, running in the background, and looking for other devices to chat with. When Bluetooth devices come within range of one another, they exchange messages so they can become aware of one another's capabilities, establish connections and, if needed, arrange for security to protect sensitive data during transmission. Within a few years, about 80 percent of mobile phones are expected to carry a Bluetooth chip. These radio transceivers operate in the globally available ISM (industrial, scientific, and medical) radio band of 2.4 GHz, which does not require an operator's license from a regulatory agency, such as the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the U.S. The use of a generally available frequency band means that Bluetooth-enabled devices can be used virtually anywhere in the world and link up with one another for ad hoc networking when they come within range. The radio link itself is very robust, using frequency-hopping spread spectrum technology to overcome interference and fading. Spread spectrum is a digital coding technique in which the signal is taken apart or "spread" so that it sounds more like noise as it is sent through the air. With the addition of frequency hopping -- having the signals hop from one frequency to another -- wireless transmissions are made even more secure. Since only the sender and receiver know the hopping sequence for coding and decoding the signal, eavesdropping is virtually impossible. The Future Communicator platforms of the future will combine a number of technologies and features in one device, including mobile Internet browsing, messaging, imaging, location-based applications and services, mobile telephony, personal information management, and enterprise applications. Bluetooth will be a key component of these platforms. Ericsson is among several companies that plan to offer such products. The user interface will be based upon the VGA format and have a color touch screen, which allows for easy navigation, pen-input, and handwriting recognition. With a built-in GPS receiver, the device will also provide positioning information. And with built-in Bluetooth and infrared components, the device can connect wirelessly with virtually any other device, network, and third-party application. There will be points of convergence between Bluetooth and other wireless technologies. Infrared and Bluetooth technologies, for example, provide complementary implementations for data exchange and voice applications. Bluetooth complements infrared's point-and-shoot ease of use with omni-directional signaling, longer distance communications, and capacity to penetrate walls. For some users, having both Bluetooth and infrared will provide the optimal short-range wireless solution. For others, the choice of adding Bluetooth or infrared will be based on the applications and intended usage. Origins of Bluetooth Since its initial development in 1994 by the Swedish telecommunications firm Ericsson, more than 1,800 companies worldwide have signed on as members of the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG) to build products to the wireless specification and promote the new technology in the marketplace. The engineers at Ericsson code-named the new wireless technology Bluetooth to honor a tenth-century Viking king. Harald Bluetooth reigned from 940 to 985 and is credited with uniting Denmark and bringing order to that country. Harald's name was actually Blåtand, which roughly translates into English as "Bluetooth." This has nothing to do with the color of his teeth -- Blåtand actually referred to Harald's very dark hair, which was unusual for Vikings. Bluetooth Advantage As the number and types of computer and communications devices continue to proliferate, establishing connectivity between them becomes the critical issue. What is needed is an economical wireless solution that is also convenient, reliable, easy to use, and operates securely over a longer distance than infrared without requiring a clear line of sight. Of the many emerging wireless solutions that attempt to address one or more of these needs, only one has gained global support from the broadest base of vendors representing all segments of the computer and communications markets -- Bluetooth wireless technology. When Bluetooth arrives at a device near you, it will herald a new era of unification for all devices, finally putting an end to the cable chaos that still plagues us. Nathan Muller is a consultant in Sterling, Virginia, who specializes in advanced technology marketing, research, and education. In his 30 years of industry experience, he has published 19 books and more than 2,000 articles about computers and communications in more than 50 publications worldwide. From the B&N Reads Blog Page 1 of Related Subjects Computers Science & Technology Engineering Technology Networking & Telecommunications Telecommunications Protocols & Standards - Computer Networks Wireless Networks & Bluetooth Technology Telecommunications Technology Telecommunication->Equipment and supplies Computers Science & Technology Engineering Technology Networking & Telecommunications Telecommunications Protocols & Standards - Computer Networks Wireless Networks & Bluetooth Technology Telecommunications Technology Telecommunication->Equipment and supplies Editorial Reviews This user-friendly guide introduces Bluetooth wireless technology -- the technology that provides voice and data transmission between a wide range of devices without the need for cables. Bluetooth wireless technology is sure to improve productivity and add new levels of convenience and flexibility to our lives. Bluetooth has already been chosen by more than 1,000 companies seeking wireless solutions that seamlessly integrate PDAs, mobile phones, desktop computers, and LANs with voice, email, Internet, and data. Bluetooth Demystified delves into every major aspect of the new technology with contents on Bluetooth basics, operations, applications, security, complementary technologies, markets, and the latest available products. So if you're looking for answers to your Bluetooth questions, your search is over. bn.com Bluetooth wireless technology replaces the cable connections between the desktops, peripherals, laptops and other electronic devices you choose to integrate. You don't need to set up Bluetooth -- it's an 'always on' radio-link technology that runs in the background. In a few years, Bluetooth-enabled chips in multimedia communication systems will provide the connections for mobile warriors. This publication is intended for an audience of technical managers, administrators, programmers and advanced PC users. Highlights: Provides a very good overview of wireless connectivity options along with basic switching and packet transmission concepts used by Bluetooth. Details Bluetooth protocol architecture, interconnections, layers and stacks. Discusses link management and control along with signaling and service options. Includes an excellent discussion of Bluetooth profiles that covers generic access, port, application and object exchange profiles. Covers how to use profiles -- Muller explains and clarifies usage models based on cordless telephony, dialup networking, fax, ftp and LAN access. Advantages: The third generation of cellular phones should arrive soon and will support broadband technology. Muller provides summaries of forthcoming 3G products along with an interesting discussion of 3G networks, concepts and protocols in general. For technologists and global business enterprises, the important questions are secure Internet and computer integration anywhere on a global scale. Forthcoming technologies such as Bluetooth and the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) answer these questions. RelatedTitles: The following publications also explain and discuss Bluetooth technology. Please check Bluetooth: Connect Without Cables and Data Over Wireless Networks: Bluetooth, WAP and Wireless LANs. An excellent introduction to the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) is Understanding WAP: Wireless Applications, Devices and Services. Programmers will also be interested in Professional WAP. Reviewed by RD - 08/28/00 An accessible guide providing a basic introduction and overview to Bluetooth wireless technology, followed by coverage of protocol architecture, link management, logical link control, Bluetooth general profiles and profiles for usage models, security, and its use in the global scheme of 3G wireless. Appendices list terms, definitions, and acronyms. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com) Booknews Customer Reviews