Born of Lakes and Plains: Mixed-Descent Peoples and the Making of the American West
A fresh history of the West grounded in the lives of mixed-descent Native families who first bridged and then collided with racial boundaries.

Often overlooked, there is mixed blood at the heart of America. And at the heart of Native life for centuries there were complex households using intermarriage to link disparate communities and create protective circles of kin. Beginning in the seventeenth century, Native peoples-Ojibwes, Otoes, Cheyennes, Chinooks, and others-formed new families with young French, English, Canadian, and American fur traders who spent months in smoky winter lodges or at boisterous summer rendezvous. These families built cosmopolitan trade centers from Michilimackinac on the Great Lakes to Bellevue on the Missouri River, Bent's Fort in the southern Plains, and Fort Vancouver in the Pacific Northwest. Their family names are often imprinted on the landscape, but their voices have long been muted in our histories. Anne F. Hyde's pathbreaking history restores them in full.


Vividly combining the panoramic and the particular, Born of Lakes and Plains follows five mixed-descent families whose lives intertwined major events: imperial battles over the fur trade; the first extensions of American authority west of the Appalachians; the ravages of imported disease; the violence of Indian removal; encroaching American settlement; and, following the Civil War, the disasters of Indian war, reservations policy, and allotment. During the pivotal nineteenth century, mixed-descent people who had once occupied a middle ground became a racial problem drawing hostility from all sides. Their identities were challenged by the pseudo-science of blood quantum-the instrument of allotment policy-and their traditions by the Indian schools established to erase Native ways. As Anne F. Hyde shows, they navigated the hard choices they faced as they had for centuries: by relying on the rich resources of family and kin. Here is an indelible western history with a new human face.


Cover art: Sault Ste. Marie, Showing the United States Garrison in the Distance, 1836-1837 (oil on canvas), by George Catlin, Smithsonian American Art Museum, Gift of Mrs. Joseph Harrison, Jr., Courtesy of Smithsonian Institute

1139522013
Born of Lakes and Plains: Mixed-Descent Peoples and the Making of the American West
A fresh history of the West grounded in the lives of mixed-descent Native families who first bridged and then collided with racial boundaries.

Often overlooked, there is mixed blood at the heart of America. And at the heart of Native life for centuries there were complex households using intermarriage to link disparate communities and create protective circles of kin. Beginning in the seventeenth century, Native peoples-Ojibwes, Otoes, Cheyennes, Chinooks, and others-formed new families with young French, English, Canadian, and American fur traders who spent months in smoky winter lodges or at boisterous summer rendezvous. These families built cosmopolitan trade centers from Michilimackinac on the Great Lakes to Bellevue on the Missouri River, Bent's Fort in the southern Plains, and Fort Vancouver in the Pacific Northwest. Their family names are often imprinted on the landscape, but their voices have long been muted in our histories. Anne F. Hyde's pathbreaking history restores them in full.


Vividly combining the panoramic and the particular, Born of Lakes and Plains follows five mixed-descent families whose lives intertwined major events: imperial battles over the fur trade; the first extensions of American authority west of the Appalachians; the ravages of imported disease; the violence of Indian removal; encroaching American settlement; and, following the Civil War, the disasters of Indian war, reservations policy, and allotment. During the pivotal nineteenth century, mixed-descent people who had once occupied a middle ground became a racial problem drawing hostility from all sides. Their identities were challenged by the pseudo-science of blood quantum-the instrument of allotment policy-and their traditions by the Indian schools established to erase Native ways. As Anne F. Hyde shows, they navigated the hard choices they faced as they had for centuries: by relying on the rich resources of family and kin. Here is an indelible western history with a new human face.


Cover art: Sault Ste. Marie, Showing the United States Garrison in the Distance, 1836-1837 (oil on canvas), by George Catlin, Smithsonian American Art Museum, Gift of Mrs. Joseph Harrison, Jr., Courtesy of Smithsonian Institute

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Born of Lakes and Plains: Mixed-Descent Peoples and the Making of the American West

Born of Lakes and Plains: Mixed-Descent Peoples and the Making of the American West

by Anne F. Hyde

Narrated by Tanis Parenteau

Unabridged — 14 hours, 9 minutes

Born of Lakes and Plains: Mixed-Descent Peoples and the Making of the American West

Born of Lakes and Plains: Mixed-Descent Peoples and the Making of the American West

by Anne F. Hyde

Narrated by Tanis Parenteau

Unabridged — 14 hours, 9 minutes

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Overview

A fresh history of the West grounded in the lives of mixed-descent Native families who first bridged and then collided with racial boundaries.

Often overlooked, there is mixed blood at the heart of America. And at the heart of Native life for centuries there were complex households using intermarriage to link disparate communities and create protective circles of kin. Beginning in the seventeenth century, Native peoples-Ojibwes, Otoes, Cheyennes, Chinooks, and others-formed new families with young French, English, Canadian, and American fur traders who spent months in smoky winter lodges or at boisterous summer rendezvous. These families built cosmopolitan trade centers from Michilimackinac on the Great Lakes to Bellevue on the Missouri River, Bent's Fort in the southern Plains, and Fort Vancouver in the Pacific Northwest. Their family names are often imprinted on the landscape, but their voices have long been muted in our histories. Anne F. Hyde's pathbreaking history restores them in full.


Vividly combining the panoramic and the particular, Born of Lakes and Plains follows five mixed-descent families whose lives intertwined major events: imperial battles over the fur trade; the first extensions of American authority west of the Appalachians; the ravages of imported disease; the violence of Indian removal; encroaching American settlement; and, following the Civil War, the disasters of Indian war, reservations policy, and allotment. During the pivotal nineteenth century, mixed-descent people who had once occupied a middle ground became a racial problem drawing hostility from all sides. Their identities were challenged by the pseudo-science of blood quantum-the instrument of allotment policy-and their traditions by the Indian schools established to erase Native ways. As Anne F. Hyde shows, they navigated the hard choices they faced as they had for centuries: by relying on the rich resources of family and kin. Here is an indelible western history with a new human face.


Cover art: Sault Ste. Marie, Showing the United States Garrison in the Distance, 1836-1837 (oil on canvas), by George Catlin, Smithsonian American Art Museum, Gift of Mrs. Joseph Harrison, Jr., Courtesy of Smithsonian Institute


Editorial Reviews

From the Publisher

"A new way of looking at the American West emerges in this history of the mixing and marrying of Indigenous people and settlers."— The New Yorker

"[Hyde’s] carefully wrought portrait of five families reveals the peculiar challenges faced by these quintessential people of the border."— H.W. Brands Washington Post

"In this ambitious and utterly successful book, historian Anne F. Hyde has rewritten the story of the American West.…This book is a tour de force. The stories here are poignant—often sad and disturbing, but also inspiring and always thought-provoking.…In short, this is western history retold with families and women at the heart of the narrative."— Jay Gitlin Missouri Historical Review

"Through stories that are vivid, humane, and powerful, Anne F. Hyde deftly explores families that mixed native and settler cultures in the heart of North America. Sometimes coercive, but often mutual, these intimate relations helped diverse peoples coexist in American borderlands."— Alan Taylor, author of American Republics

"Anne F. Hyde writes compelling, boots-on-the-ground history, telling stories that are personal, poignant, and powerful. This is the way people really lived."— Elizabeth A. Fenn, author of Encounters at the Heart of the World

"Anne F. Hyde deftly reconstructs personal lives and relationships, charting the shift from an Indigenous and fur-trading world where marriage, kinship, and community building transcended racial differences to a world dominated by race and divided by ‘blood.’"— Colin G. Calloway, author of The Indian World of George Washington

"A stunningly rich history of family and survival in the midst of war, forced removal, broken treaties, and racist policies."— Kathleen DuVal, author of Independence Lost

"Powerful, engrossing, and humane."— Brian DeLay, author of War of a Thousand Deserts

"A tour de force—poignant and beautifully written."— Andrew R. Graybill, author of The Red and the White

"Hyde tells stories that are gripping, tragic, inspiring, and, as she shows, essential to understanding the history of this vast region."— Claudio Saunt, author of Unworthy Republic

"Born of Lakes and Plains puts Native people at the heart of a timely new consideration of the ways that intermarriage has confounded—and demanded—the creation of racial categories. It is not to be missed."— Philip J. Deloria, author of Becoming Mary Sully

"Anne F. Hyde’s gripping account of mixed-descent families shows how tangled the real story of this country actually is. It puts our simple stories to shame."— Richard White, author of Who Killed Jane Stanford?

"[A] sweeping history….Hyde’s meticulous research and lucid prose bring her subjects and their complex worlds and canny survival strategies to vivid life. The result is an essential reconsideration of Native American history."— Publishers Weekly (starred review)

"A searching study of the role of mixed-descent people, with Indigenous and other ancestry, over 400 years of American history."— Kirkus Reviews (starred review)

Kirkus Reviews

★ 2021-11-30
A searching study of the role of mixed-descent people, with Indigenous and other ancestry, over 400 years of American history.

University of Oklahoma history professor Hyde, author of the Bancroft Prize–winning Empires, Nations, and Families: A New History of the North American West, 1800-1860, turns her attention to an overlooked aspect of the peopling of North America: the union of Native Americans with people from other continents, their descendants often derided as “half-breeds” and worse. It’s a bitter irony that whereas many Americans are quick to declare Indigenous ancestry today, it was not so long ago that mixed-descent people tried to hide their Native ancestry simply to survive. “Like boy thrown at a Black man, the word half-breed became poison intending to kill,” writes the author, adding that “renaming Half-Breed Lake in Minnesota and Montana, or Half- Breed Road in Iowa and Nebraska, also covers up a long history of intermarriage.” Hyde closely examines the lineages of people such as a half-Swiss, half-Cree woman who fought for civil rights for Native people. The author takes a particularly deep dive into the history of George Bent and his descendants; Bent was a White trader who arrived on the Colorado frontier and married a succession of Cheyenne wives and “lost dozens of family members at the Sand Creek and Washita massacres in the 1860s.” Some Native groups, Hyde writes, were welcoming of newcomers; the Ojibwe, for instance, had intermarried with French trappers for generations before Americans arrived. Other groups were more reluctant—but, as Hyde allows, biology usually wins out over culture. This was of little interest to the federal, territorial, and state governments, however, all of which formulated laws to make intermarriage illegal, laws that remained in force until very recently and required mixed-descent people, who knew that “White America couldn’t tolerate reminders of the racial mixing that anchored American history,” to disguise their heritage.

A necessary contribution to American studies for all the shameful episodes it recounts.

2023 Stubbendieck Great Plains Distinguished Book Prize, Short-listed
2023 Bonney MacDonald Award for Outstanding Western Book, Short-listed

Product Details

BN ID: 2940176294576
Publisher: Penguin Random House
Publication date: 02/15/2022
Edition description: Unabridged
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