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A hilarious plague of truth has descended on the once well-behaved Sobrevillas, only the beginning of this brilliantly realized, generous-hearted novel. Marie Arana’s style, originality, and trenchant wit will establish her as one of the most audacious talents in fiction today and Cellophane as one of the most evocative and spirited novels of the year.
From the Hardcover edition.
part one
A Plague of Tongues
1
Many years later, when the wise men gathered with their pierced faces and carved gourds to purify the streets of Floralinda, they agreed they should have known a run of plagues would curse this town. There had been signs, they muttered, sprinkling the hard earth with river water. There was the coughing dog. The blue-skinned boy.
The little white terrier, Basadre, a normally mild, unexcitable creature, had spun through Don Victor Sobrevilla's house whining and frenzied, chasing his tail in perfect circles. There was a madness to his movements--out of control, yet full of grace--a four-legged tango marked by perfect concatenations of the figure eight.
The children laughed, following the dog through the corridors of the mansion, humming, spinning, somersaulting behind him, crashing against furniture until the air clattered with the sounds of the family silver. It began on the top floor of the house, when Basadre came to the doorway of the schoolroom, issued one last bark--a high, strident little cry--then twirled down the stairs to the second floor with its narrow passageways, cavernous bedrooms, and faded mirrors. The five children, age four to ten, sprang from their chairs, so delighted by the sight of the dancing dog that their teacher, Senorita Marcela, didn't have the heart to stopthem. They followed the animal, shrieking and bumping along walls so that lizards leapt out and scurried under the carpets in terror. By the time they reached the ground floor, they had chased the little dog over the black-and-white tiles of the foyer, in and out of the portrait-hung sala, around the vast mahogany table in the dining room, and stampeded toward the sacred sanctuary of their Aunt Belen's library. The din from Don Victor's grandchildren was so resounding that Boruba, the chief ama of the house, leaned out from the kitchen and with one earsplitting bellow--"Callense!"--dispersed them and sent the ill-fated creature staggering out into the patio, where he sank to the floor and began the terrible business of his coughing. It was a cough such as no one in the Sobrevilla house had ever heard before--dead-dry and brittle, like the rat-tat-tat of a dull hatchet against the trunk of a caoba tree. Basadre coughed and coughed, his white hair matted with sweat, his eyes flat as two desert stones.
Don Victor emerged from his workshop, waving his arms and shouting that he couldn't work with all the racket. "Que barbaridad!" he cried. "Here I am putting the last touch of solder on the machine that will bring this misery of a lizard town to glory, and I have to listen to the endless hacking of a demon mutt?" He held a goosenecked pincer in one hand, a ball of wire in the other, and it was clear that he had been in his workshop far too long, for he had that frazzled look--thin hair sprouting skyward, cravat all askew.
Dona Mariana swept downstairs when she heard her husband shouting on the patio. "I'm coming, querido! Coming!" Her long silvery hair streamed along her shoulders, as it always did during the hour of the siesta, and her dress was unhooked from underarm to hip. Struggling to tuck her ample bosom into place, she secured one or two hooks and called to Pedro the gardener to move the poor animal out of the sun and into a cool place under the potted cherimoya tree. Pedro had grown to love Basadre and wanted to make him more comfortable, but try as he might, he couldn't lift the poor animal; it was as if Basadre had attached himself to the floor, sent roots into the tilework.
They all came after that: four generations of family members, one by one, registering their concern with varying degrees of dismay. The villagers, in clusters of two and three, came winding up the long path and peered over the brick barricade that had been erected to keep dangerous reptiles from slithering in when the mighty Ucayali overflowed its banks. A barricade without a dog was pointless, and the people of Floralinda knew it. Dogs were invaluable in the jungle. Don Victor had purchased the terrier on a visit to Pucallpa twelve years before and named him after Jorge Basadre, Peru's minister of roads, who had built the highway from Lima to Pucallpa. Just as Basadre, the man, had felt the call to open the Amazon to the world, Basadre, the dog, felt the call to keep it from spilling into his master's house. He could sense a poisonous reptile before a human could, unearth nests of destructive soldier ants, smell wildmen as they moved swiftly along the rim of trees, waiting to raid the cornfields. The villagers filed past the sick animal, clucking their tongues. Basadre was small, but he had been fierce.
Graciela was the first of Don Victor's children to come out to the patio, lavishing the creature with all the attention she would have given her own son or daughter. She had pleaded with Boruba to bring the honey pot from the kitchen, crush the manzanilla flowers, fashion a little nozzle out of a thick rubber leaf, from which she might drip tea onto the tongue of the heaving dog.
Graciela had grown into a magnificent woman, thirty-four years old, with grainy, dark circles that ringed her eyes and gave her a melancholy air that made young men sigh. La Bella Morada, the men at Chincho's bar called her--beautiful purple one--and then they'd hitch their trousers at the thought. She had been a lively child, and those embers still brightened her eyes, her walk, her rare moments of vivacity. There was no one in all of Floralinda who could sing and dance like Graciela. She had lived up to the promise of being a graceful child. When she donned the gold flamenco shoes her Tio Alejandro had sent from Trujillo, and when she stamped her long, thin feet the way she had been taught by the old gypsy Maruca, she could bring the whole Sobrevilla household streaming down the caoba stair, eager to see her move.
Graciela lived in the mansion with only her two small children, Pablo and Silvia. La Bella's husband had disappeared suddenly, angrily, five years before, vanishing into the Alto Amazonas like a cobra out of the hot sun. For a while, Nestor Sotomarino had been sighted nearby, in the company of renegade sailors. Some said he had become a rebel guerrillero; others said he was getting rich on coca leaf; but the last he had been seen was by the men down at Chincho's bar, marching off alone with no more than a week's supply of food on his back.
Graciela was the delicately wired antenna of the Sobrevillas. It was she who tasted the sweetness of things to come, felt the ill winds, saw ghosts in the night air. It was she who, on the second day of Basadre's ordeal, tenderly held his dry snout in her hands and realized the cough was no ordinary affliction. It was too otherworldly. Her father had been right to use the word demon. There was some witchery at work.
Her older sister, Belen, too, knew that the dog's malady signaled something amiss. Being a person ruled by the head, Belen listened carefully and concluded that it was more complicated than a pulmonary spasm. She put down the book she was reading and began to scour her library shelves for something that would explain the phenomenon. She stood on her toes, stretched a long neck toward her wall of books, and wrinkled her freckled nose. But she couldn't find it. She remembered, however, in lightning concordance between learning and tenderness, a scene from Alexandre Dumas's La Dame aux Camellias, in which the heroine's cough is soothed by poetry. Snatching a volume of sonnets by Dante, Belen strode resolutely to the patio, knelt before the animal, and began reading aloud.
"I greet you in Love's name, hoping you will escape that pain so great even the farthest stars flinch, that even the sky drains itself of planet, moon, cloud, as if the end of the world marched on us, as if what I'm about to say were the words that set ablaze each soul, each fear, like a field of dried-out grain!"
The dog gasped and held his breath, leading her to conclude what she'd always suspected, that words could fix everything--she had only to read to the end of the volume to cure their beloved Basadre. But by the third line of the stanza, he was hacking again, with a frenzy that brought tears to her eyes.
If her sister, Graciela, had inherited her mother's heart with something more--a healthy regard for the supernatural--Belen had inherited her father's head with something less--a staunch rejection of jungle sorcery. No matter how often Don Victor told Belen about the witchman, the stone, and her triumphant entry into the world, she refused to think of it as anything but a coincidence. Had she borne children of her own she might have allowed that reproduction was in itself miraculous and that there was scant difference between the roles that a prayer or a stone might play in it. But at the age of thirty-six, she was childless and logical. She regarded rain forest cures as primitive, unenlightened. She disapproved heartily of her father's visits to his feathered shamans. She kept journals, sewn from her father's paper, in which she wrote lists upon lists of random information: the botanical name of each new plant she encountered; amusing aphorisms; foreign words gleaned from books, and their definitions; the title of every novel she had read and its most memorable character.
Her library was a model of organization, every volume in place according to subject and nationality of the author. Her father had built the room twenty years before, when she was only sixteen, worried that his bookish daughter would be lured by his old aunt's standing invitation to come live in Trujillo. He oversaw its construction with infinite care, ordering shelves cut from dense mahogany, seeing that the urucu was applied evenly and burnished to a deep red glow. At first, there hadn't been much to shelve, but Don Victor made sure every bagmaker in Pucallpa and every printer in Iquitos knew that he expected books as part of the payment. "Literature!" he'd shout from the dock, as their barges drifted off into black water. "You bring it, you hear me? Bring me Cervantes! Ricardo Palma! El Inca Garcilaso de la Vega! Don't bring me dogshit. I'll charge you more if you do!"
First came the printed matter no one wanted to read--census reports from the military, discarded lesson books, socialist pamphlets about working conditions in Arequipa. But eventually, the collection grew to a laudable diversity: manuals on the navigable waters of the Amazon, dictionaries translating Spanish into a dozen languages, Turgenev's letters, Blake's poetry reinterpreted by Neruda, Jose Marti's recollections of Manhattan, all of Chekhov's plays. Within twenty years, the room housed thousands of volumes. Belen had read them all--some, a number of times--and although she had not chosen to avail herself of the Trujillo invitation, her great-aunt, Tia Esther, had been her library's most beneficent donor, sending books through Tio Alejandro's regular shipments from the coast. And so it was that Tia Esther, from so far away, began to furnish Belen's imagination. If it wasn't with weekly letters written in a bold hand, relaying the news of the day in her bustling city, it was in books, bought at estate auctions by the cartons, inscribed with tender dedications to her grandniece.
There was no question: Books were Belen's faith, her foil against the wilderness. She loved drawing each one from its shelf, handling its spine, dusting away the mites that had been brought to her library from God knew where. She loved that split-second transcendence when reading would carry her off to a realm in which truth reigned, mysteries were explained, and paths unfurled before her--shining and absolute. Reading had made her serious and learned. No, she could not believe a witchman and his stones could make a difference between life and death. Looking down now at Basadre in his misery, Belen wished she could have faith in myths and magic. Hard evidence told her the dog would die.
Elsa, Jaime's wife and the mother of his three children, was next to visit the ailing animal. In mid-morning, after Jaime had departed on one of his weekly trips upriver, she came down, an ivory mantilla hugging her shoulders and a scowl twisting her face. She stood in the frame of the house's carved portals, a good distance from the hacking dog, and yelled, "Stop it, you flea-ridden beast! You're driving me crazy!" But crazy she already was, and the whole household knew it.
Elsa was a parched bird of a woman, as arid as the dunes of Chan Chan. She had come to live with them after her marriage to Jaime in Trujillo, where he had been sent to attend school. She arrived in Floralinda with a pedigree that proved totally useless in the jungle. Elsa was a Marquez y Marquez, the daughter of the powerful sugar baron whose vast cane fields rimmed the Pacific, between Trujillo and Chiclayo. The Marquezes had built palaces along Peru's rugged shoreline, dug an empire into the desert, filled their shelves with treasures from ancient graves. To meet the growing appetite for sugar in America, the family had sent their agents into the highlands to lend money to the poor freely, but months later they would return to collect what was owed them: in trucks, with whips and shackles, forcing debtors into the cane fields. Elsa had been raised wanting nothing. She wore clothes her father had imported from Paris. She boasted about her education from a French tutor who had been brought all the way from St. Cyr. She was imperious, frigid, self-absorbed. No one in Floralinda could imagine why Jaime had fallen in love with her.
She hadn't always been that way. When Jaime had first met her, she was a clever young woman with a pretty face, a lovely figure, and a socialite's taste for frivolity. The face and figure didn't change. But Elsa's condition had erupted shortly after her arrival in the jungle: a psychosis so acute that Jaime awoke one night to find her shaking uncontrollably. Having been raised along the Ucayali, he assumed she was experiencing an attack of Taki Onqoy, an invasion of microscopic worms that travel the bloodstream, lodge in the brain, and cause convulsions. It was a curse--well known--that jungle Indians inflicted on trespassers.
Continues...
Excerpted from Cellophane by Marie Arana Excerpted by permission.
All rights reserved. No part of this excerpt may be reproduced or reprinted without permission in writing from the publisher.
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1. Cellophane opens with images of Don Victor's boyhood, including his fascination with Swedish ball bearings and Señor Urrutia's perpetual-motion machine. What were your first impressions of Don Victor? What was the significance of his early fascinations?
2. When Don Victor travels to the interior in his early twenties, he has his first experience with the small-statured Serrano Indians. What is his attitude toward South America's indigenous populations? Whom does he trust more: his curandero or his priest?
3. What was the effect of knowing the details about Doña Mariana's experiences in labor? Do her three children have many traits in common?
4. Don Victor uses equipment made available after the suicide of William Randolph Meiggs to establish his paper factory downriver in Floralinda. How do Don Victor and the other Peruvians in the novel seem to feel about American investors?
5. What is supernatural about Basadre's cough? What predictions did you derive from the encounter between Miguelito and the terrier? Were the ingenious tin-cup braces a success?
6. Pedro's migrant tribe avoids him, considering him to be tainted by the "termites." Do many of the novel's characters gain acceptance in more than one culture, or is segregation required? In terms of class, who are the novel's true power brokers?
7. Near the end of Chapter Four, the initial, passionate months of Belén and Ignacio’s marriage are described. Marie Arana tells us that, reading Zola's pro-labor novel Germinal, Belén would "thank God that her legs were wrapped around a factory worker." What other literary references enhance the storytelling in Cellophane? What does Belén's taste in literature indicate about her personality?
8. Discuss the remarkable features of Tía Esther's affair with Lars, revealed in Chapter Five. What common threads run through the tales of lovers in Cellophane?
9. How would you have reacted to Padre Bernardo's revelation? If you were to engage in the litany of truth telling performed by Jaime in chapter six, what sorts of realities might be revealed?
10. Louis Miller wonders why Floralinda isn't on any map. Locate a detailed map of Peru and explore the remote region corresponding to Floralinda, noting its distance from Trujillo and Lima. What does a map exercise reveal about Don Victor in his quest? In what ways does landscape almost become a character itself in the novel?
11. How does Don Victor cope with the losses in his life, particularly the death of Chína, and the death of his mother at the hands of the military? Is there any similarity between the way he interacts with his brother (Don Alejandro, who still lives in the ancestral home and ships away his castoffs) and the way his children interact with one another?
12. In Chapter Nine, as Don Victor concludes his conversation with Padre Bernardo, he says, "I wouldn’t have known how to tell Yorumbo what sin means in the context of his culture. Simple, ordinary sin." Is sin universal, or is it defined by culture?
13. What accounts for Don Victor's love affair with paper? What attributes of cellophane–transparent, shimmering, fragile, protective–make it an excellent metaphor for his life? In what subtle ways was he indeed a shape changer?
14. Chapter Ten marks the arrival of General Lopez from President Odria's army. Odria's rise to power through a military coup is based on fact. What other historical parallels exist between Peru's political state and the novel? What elements of surrealism and reality form the underpinnings of this novel?
15. What is Marcela's ultimate predicament? In what ways does she bring comic relief to the novel? Is she typical of most of the women in Don Victor's life?
16. Discuss the clever communication and translation jokes raised in the novel, and the way they shape the plot.
17. In Chapter Eleven, Tía Esther tells the story of her parents, Homero Paniagua and Catalina Wong. What transforming powers does this story have? How would you characterize the power and significance of storytelling in general throughout Cellophane?
18. Is there a Tía Esther in your family, an unlikely heroine who repeatedly saves the day?
19. What do you predict for Don Victor's descendants, Graciela, Belén, and Jaime? Will Elsa and the General have a satisfying relationship?
20. Reread Victor's fortune, which forms the novel's closing image and whose full text appears in Chapter One. Did it capture the truth, or did his misplaced belief in the fortune lead to his downfall? How would its predictions have applied to your life?
Anonymous
Posted February 5, 2007
This novel is really such an escape. The cast of characters is rich, comic and interesting. Arana grounds her work to the seething jungle of the Amazon. A really classical piece.
Was this review helpful? Yes NoThank you for your feedback. Report this reviewThank you, this review has been flagged.Anonymous
Posted December 27, 2006
Throughout the ages, telling the truth has always been held in high esteem. From the opening books of the Bible which give us the Commandment against bearing false witness, to elementary school history books that extol the virtue of honesty by repeatedly emphasizing that George Washington never told a lie, we have been continually led to believe that the truth shall set us free. But can always being truthful be too much of a good thing? This philosophical question is put to the test with amazing consequences when a plague of truth strikes a Peruvian family in Marie Arana¿s first novel, ¿Cellophane.¿ Set in the dense rainforest of South America¿s third largest country, Arana uses Peru¿s allure as a mystical, magical, inaccessible region where only the most adventurous dare to traverse, as the home base of a patriarchal family led by Don Victor Sobrevilla, an eccentric engineer whose quest for concocting the perfect recipe for cellophane puts into motion a string of events that exposes secrets long kept hidden behind closed lips. ¿Not since (Don Victor) set foot on the riverbank and christened the land Floralinda had he sensed that he was on the verge of something significant, that he was¿as the witchman who birthed his daughters had told him¿being summoned into the universe. Beware of wanting too much, the witchman had quickly added, for greed always ends in privation.¿ As Don Victor prepares to enjoy the realization of his dream, life for his family members and close associates becomes convoluted in a vortex of shameful family histories, past and current erotic transgressions, and the destabilization of the only form of community government in the region, making everyone¿s life as flimsy and transparent as the pieces of cellophane that litter their hacienda¿s terrain. Skillfully weaving modern science, folk medicine and religious faith, Arana captures the nuances of life on the Ucayali riverbank, which due to its location in the Amazon rainforest, makes it a part of the world that time and technology often overlook. It¿s the perfect setting for a tale that begins with the family dog barking strangely and a wild little boy who turns blue and dies with a heart as black as stone, to literal affairs of the priesthood, and culminating with loves and lust best kept secret but in the end cannot be contained by man. Arana, editor of The Washington Post Book World, sympathetically demonstrates her knowledge the of region, an area she knows well as she was born in Peru of a Peruvian father and an American mother, and lived in the country for the first 10 years of her life. Her native language¿Spanish¿comes in handy as Spanish words and phrases, along with cultural beliefs and reverence to familial hierarchies and religious observances and obligations, set a firm foundation for the book¿s protagonist to return to or ignore, depending upon circumstance. Does the truth truly set one free? While ¿Cellophane¿ is an original and spirited work of fiction, readers are going to find it hard not to question this central issue of virtue in their own lives, and contemplate whether the secrets they hold in their hearts and tongues are best left alone.
Was this review helpful? Yes NoThank you for your feedback. Report this reviewThank you, this review has been flagged.Anonymous
Posted July 6, 2006
this book was a complete pleasure to read. Never did i think a book could take your mind to such an odd world. This book is a must read, a pleasure.. every page is mystical.. Its been a long time comming.
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Posted April 20, 2011
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Overview
Don Victor Sobrevilla, a lovable, eccentric engineer, always dreamed of founding a paper factory in the heart of the Peruvian rain forest, and at the opening of this miraculous novel his dream has come true—until he discovers the recipe for cellophane. In a life already filled with signs and portents, the family dog suddenly begins to cough strangely. A wild little boy turns azurite blue. All at once Don Victor is overwhelmed by memories of his erotic past; his prim wife, Doña Mariana, reveals the shocking truth about her origins; the three Sobrevilla children turn their love lives upside down; the family priest blurts out a long-held secret....A hilarious plague of truth has descended ...