Christ In Christian Tradition / Edition 2

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More About This Textbook

Overview

A monumental work in scope and content, Aloys Grillmeier's Chirst in the Christian Tradition offers students and scholars a comprehensive exposition of Western writing on the history of doctrine. Volume One covers the Apostolic Age to Chalcedon (451).

This majestic, comprehensive study of Christology includes the only full scholarly treatment of the traditions of the old Oriental Churches. The book concerns itself with the special developments in Christology in the Patriarchate of Constantipole in the sixth century and the establishment of the powerful anti-Chalcedonian hierarchy symbolized by Patriarch Severus of Antioch.

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Product Details

  • ISBN-13: 9780664223014
  • Publisher: Westminster John Knox Press
  • Publication date: 12/19/1975
  • Series: Christ in Christian Tradition Series
  • Edition description: Revised
  • Edition number: 2
  • Pages: 624
  • Sales rank: 1,359,034
  • Product dimensions: 1.38 (w) x 6.00 (h) x 9.00 (d)

Meet the Author


Aloys Grillmeier, S.J. was Professor of Dogmatics at St. Georgen Theological Seminary in Frankfurt am Main, Germany from 1950-78. He was an expert theologian at the Second Vatican Council from 1962-65 and was named a cardinal-deacon of the Catholic Church in 1994.
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Table of Contents

Preface vi
Abbreviations xvii
A Christological Nile Expedition From the Delta to Lake Tana (451-639/642) 1
Part 1 Alexandrian-Greek Christology
Section 1 The Christology of the Patriarchs
Chapter 1 Timothy Aelurus: the foundation of Alexandrian-Greek Christology in the rejection of Chalcedon 7
1. The secret patriarch of Alexandria 9
2. A christological battle on two fronts 16
(a) On the truth of the incarnation of Christ 18
(b) The polemic against the 'Nestorianism' of Leo I's Tome to Flavian and of the Council of Chalcedon 24
(aa) The different concept of nature 25
(bb) A questionable argument for the divinity of the incarnate One 26
3. The Christology of Timothy and its aporias 27
(a) Appeal to tradition 27
(b) The aporia of the mia-physis formula 31
Chapter 2 The struggle between Chalcedonians and Anti-Chalcedonians 36
1. The peaceful Chalcedonian, Timothy 'Wobble-Cap' 36
2. Peter Mongus, anti-Chalcedonian patriarch 'by Henoticon's grace' 38
3. The successors of Peter Mongus 40
4. Timothy IV (III), Patriarch of Alexandria at the time of the controversy between Julian and Severus 42
5. Gaianus and the Gaianites 45
On the doctrine of the Gaianites 48
Chapter 3 Theodosius, Patriarch of Alexandria, spiritual heir of Severus of Antioch 53
1. Sollicitudo omnium Ecclesiarum 53
2. 'Causa multiplicis certaminis' 54
3. The basic traits of Theodosian Christology 55
(a) His authorities 55
(b) His confession of faith 56
(c) His heresiology 56
(d) Connections with Severan terminology 57
(e) The one energeia 58
Chapter 4 The development of two hierarchies 60
I. The Chalcedonian hierarchy: the Melkites 60
1. The Melkite patriarchs of 538-580 60
2. Eulogius, a neo-Chalcedonian theologian of mediation? 65
II. The anti-Chalcedonian hierarchy: the Copts 71
1. The Coptic hierarchy after 575 71
2. Damian, head of the 'Monophysite' world 75
3. Benjamin, Coptic patriarch and leader under Persian, Byzantine and Islamic rule 81
Summary 87
Section 2 The Christology of the Scholars
Chapter 1 The poet Nonnus of Panopolis and his fellow countrymen 89
1. Cyrus of Panopolis 90
2. Pamprepius 91
3. Nonnus of Panopolis 92
(a) Preliminary questions 92
(b) The christological standpoint of Nonnus's paraphrase of John 95
(aa) General characterization 95
(bb) The christological statement of Nonnus's paraphrase of John 96
4. Dioscorus of Aphrodito 100
Chapter 2 Two Alexandrian exegetes 101
1. The presbyter Ammonius 101
2. The deacon Olympiodore 105
Chapter 3 John Philoponus, philosopher and theologian in Alexandria 107
I. The man and his work 107
II. The Christology of John Philoponus 112
1. The basic traits of Philoponian Christology in the polemic Tmemata 113
2. The Diaetetes and its conceptuality 118
(a) The manner of the union 120
(b) The number 'two' 123
(c) On the intellectual division 126
(d) On the picture of Christ of John Philoponus 127
3. The letter to Justinian 130
III. John Philoponus and tritheism 131
The anti-tritheistic initiative of Patriarch Eutychius of Constantinople 135
IV. John Philoponus and his teaching on the resurrection 138
The resurrection teaching of Patriarch Eutychius 141
V. Final evaluation 142
Chapter 4 'Cosmas Indicopleustes' 147
1. On the Christology of the Topographia Christiana 151
(a) A christological rereading of the Old Testament 152
(b) An optimistic anthropology 153
(c) The eschatological viewpoint 154
2. A brief synthesis of the Christology of the Topographia Christiana 155
(a) The question of 'Nestorianism' 155
(b) The trinitarian-christological credo of Cosmas and its orthodoxy 158
(c) Cosmas and tradition 161
Part 2 The 'Province of Coptic Christology'
Chapter 1 Shenoute as the founder of Coptic Christology 167
I. A new source for Shenoute's Christology and for Coptic theology in general 169
1. The Nag Hammadi tractates and the monastic movement in Upper Egypt (Thebaid) 170
2. Special indications of Shenoute as the author of the new exhortation 173
(a) A call for help from Patriarch Dioscorus (444-451/454) to Shenoute 174
(b) Shenoute and Nestorius in Upper Egypt 176
(c) The Annals of Patriarch Eutychius of Alexandria as background description 179
II. Shenoute's exhortation as a mirror of the faith situation of the Coptic church between 431 and 451 180
1. The spread of superstition 181
2. The threat to the Nicene faith in God and Christ 181
(a) Angel Christology and the creatureliness of the Son 182
(b) The two seraphim of Is 6,2 182
(c) Injury to the Nicene and Nicene-Constantinopolitan faith 183
(d) The dispute over prayer to Jesus 184
Shenoute as witness to prayer to Jesus 187
3. Gnostic-Origenistic infiltration of 'apocryphal' origin 189
(a) Double creation 190
(b) 'Large' and 'small' history 193
(aa) The 'gospel of Jesus the Son of God, generated by the angels' (generazione degli angeli) 193
(bb) The denial of the 'small history' of Jesus on earth 194
(cc) The Pascha in heaven and on earth 196
(dd) Human beings in this 'large' and 'small' history: Origenism 197
Marcion or Mani? 200
(c) Christology and understanding of the Eucharist in dissolution 203
4. Shenoute and Nestorius 207
(a) Shenoute's own report 207
(b) Shenoute's quotations from Nestorius 208
(c) Shenoute and Nestorius in legend 212
Summary 213
III. A second christological catechesis of Shenoute 214
IV. Sodalis Dei et Christi amicus. A closing report on Shenoute's Christology 217
(a) A biblical Christocentrism 217
(b) A salvation-economic theology of the one history of creation and salvation 221
(c) A kerygmatic theology 221
(d) A pre-Chalcedonian Christology in service to the patriarch Dioscorus 222
Excursus: On the wider Coptic-christological context of Shenoute's exhortation 223
(a) Anthropomorphism against Origenism in the 'Life of Aphu' 223
(b) Coptic Origenists against anthropomorphism 225
(c) 'Agathonicus' between Christian Gnostics and Patriarch Theophilus/Shenoute 227
Chapter 2 In the light and shadow of the master: Archimandrite Besa (d. after 474) 229
Chapter 3 On Christology in the liturgical prayer of the Coptic church 235
1. The three leading anaphoras of the Egyptian liturgy 237
(a) The liturgy of Mark (Cyril) 237
(b) The liturgy of Basil 238
(c) The liturgy of Gregory 239
2. The christological peculiarities of the three Egyptian eucharistic prayers 240
(a) The addressing of Christ in the Gregory anaphora and in the other eucharistic prayers 240
(b) Epiclesis 247
3. Christological elements in some other Coptic anaphoras 249
4. Christological peculiarities in the lectionaries 250
5. The Book of Psalmody 252
6. The Coptic synaxarion 256
Part 3 The 'Cross of Christ' Over Nubia
Chapter 1 The silent 'eremite mission' in pre-Chalcedonian Nubia 263
Chapter 2 The 'official' evangelization of Nubia in the sixth century 267
1. The missionary expedition of the priest Julian (542-548) 267
2. The missionary expedition of Bishop Longinus (566-580) 271
(a) The mission of 569-575 271
(b) The evangelization of the Alodaeans 272
3. The Chalcedonian mission in the Middle Kingdom 273
Chapter 3 The further history of Christian Nubia 277
Chapter 4 In search of Nubian faith in Christ 279
1. The iconographic testimony 280
2. The liturgical testimony 285
3. Veneration of the cross in Nubia 286
Part 4 Christ in a New Messianic Kingdom Faith in Christ in Ethiopia
Chapter 1 The introduction of Christianity 295
Chapter 2 The mission of the 'nine saints' 302
Chapter 3 Axum as the first Christian kingdom of non-Chalcedonian confession and its crusade into southern Arabia 305
1. The new source situation 308
(a) The writings of Bishop Simeon of Beth-Arsam 309
(b) The Martyrium Arethae 310
2. The events 312
(a) The Conference of Ramla (520/521) 312
(b) Actions of Bishop Simeon of Beth-Arsam 316
(c) The crusade of King Kaleb 316
3. The confession of Christ of the martyrs of Himyar 319
(a) Christocentrism 320
(b) Yusuf's demand on the Christians 321
(c) The confession of the martyrs 321
Chapter 4 The religious-cultural background of Ethiopian Christian faith 324
1. Jewish influences 324
(a) The Ethiopian church and its liturgical apparatus 325
(b) The liturgical cycle of feasts 325
(c) Circumcision and other observances 327
(d) The Jewish Targum in the Ethiopian Tergum 328
The Falashas 329
2. Cyrillian-Alexandrian influences 332
3. Syrian influences 334
4. Translations from Arabic 334
Chapter 5 Faith in Christ in the Ethiopian church 336
1. Jewish and Jewish-Christian motifs in Ethiopian Christology 337
(a) Translatio Regni Messianici 337
(b) Jesus the 'anointed One' 341
(aa) Patristic discussion: Qerellos -- Philoxenus of Mabbug 341
(bb) The 'anointment' in the Ethiopian theology of the late Middle Ages and the modern period 345
(1) In the Mashafa Milad 345
(2) A church history text 347
(3) 'The Mirror of Insight' 348
(4) A new phase in the dispute 349
(5) The conflict under King Yohannes 353
(c) The baptism of Jesus in the Jordan 355
(aa) The baptism of Jesus in Ethiopian formulas of faith 358
(bb) The baptism of Jesus in Ethiopian anaphoras 360
(d) Names and numbers 362
(e) The mysticism of the symbols 365
(f) Retrospective 367
2. Limitations 369
(a) Jewish Christian -- and yet Christology from above 369
(b) Nearness to and distance from Judaism 372
3. Relationship to universal church Christology, its terminology and systematic representation 372
(a) Negative 373
(b) Positive 374
(c) Ethiopia and the conceptual language of the universal church 376
Chapter 6 The position of Jesus in the worship and prayer of the Ethiopian church 379
1. Christ in the structure of the church year 379
2. The alleged Monophysitism of the Ethiopian anaphoras 381
3. Chalcedonian-anti-Chalcedonian conceptual language in the liturgy? 384
4. Christ in the priestly prayer of the hours 387
5. An example of extra-liturgical prayer to Christ 388
Final reflections 389
1. Alexandria, the 'Christ-loving City' 389
2. The Archimandrite Shenoute and his christological significance 391
3. Nubia 391
4. Ethiopia 392
Selected Bibliography 393
Indexes
1. Biblical references 405
2. Words in ancient languages 408
3. Ancient authors 413
4. Modern authors 419
5. Subjects 425
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