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The Nobel Prize-winning scientist offers a precise, full, and accessible exposition of his landmark work in experimental psychology. Pavlov details the technical means by which he established experiments and controls, the experiments, observations on formation of conditioned reflexes, external and internal reflex inhibitions, the function of cerebral hemispheres and cortex, and more. 18 figures.
| I. | The development of the objective method in investigating the physiological activities of the cerebral hemispheres.--Concept of Reflex.--Variety of Reflexes.--Signal-reflexes, the most fundamental physiological characteristic of the hemispheres | 1 |
| II. | Technical methods employed in the objective investigation of the functions of the cerebral hemispheres.--Response to signals as reflex action.--Unconditioned and conditioned reflexes.--Necessary conditions for the development of conditioned reflexes | 16 |
| III. | The formation of conditioned reflexes by means of conditioned and direct stimuli.--Agencies which can be used as conditioned stimuli.--Inhibition of conditioned reflexes: external inhibition | 33 |
| IV. | Internal inhibition of conditioned reflexes: (a) Extinction | 48 |
| V. | Internal inhibition (continued): (b) Conditioned inhibition | 68 |
| VI. | Internal inhibition (continued): (c) Delay | 88 |
| VII. | The analysing and synthesizing activity of the cerebral hemispheres: (a) The initial generalization of conditioned stimuli. (b) Differential inhibition | 110 |
| VIII. | The analysing and synthesizing activity of the cerebral hemispheres (continued): (c) Examples of the analysis of stimuli. (d) Synthesis and analysis of compound simultaneous stimuli. (e) Synthesis and analysis of compound successive stimuli | 131 |
| IX. | The irradiation and concentration of nervous processes in the cerebral cortex: (a) The irradiation and concentration of inhibition within a single analyser | 152 |
| X. | Irradiation and concentration of nervous processes in the cerebral hemispheres (continued): (b) Irradiation and concentration of inhibition over the entire cortex; (c) Irradiation and concentration of excitation | 167 |
| XI. | Mutual induction of excitation and inhibition: (a) Positive induction. (b) Negative induction | 188 |
| XII. | Interaction of irradiation and concentration with induction | 204 |
| XIII. | The cortex as a mosaic of functions: (a) Examples of the mosaic character of the cortex and the more obvious ways in which this character is acquired; (b) Variability of the physiological properties of different points of the cortex in some instances, stability in others.--The cortex as a united complex dynamic system | 219 |
| XIV. | The development of inhibition in the cortex under the influence of conditioned stimuli | 234 |
| XV. | Internal inhibition and sleep as one and the same process with regard to their intimate mechanism | 250 |
| XVI. | Transition stages between the alert state and complete sleep: hypnotic stages | 265 |
| XVII. | The different types of nervous system.--Pathological disturbances of the cortex, result of functional interference | 284 |
| XVIII. | Pathological disturbances of the cortex, result of functional interference (continued) | 301 |
| XIX. | Pathological disturbances of the cortex, result of surgical interference: (a) General disturbances of the cortical activity; (b) Disturbances of the acoustic analyser | 320 |
| XX. | Pathological disturbances of the cortex, result of surgical interference (continued): (c) In the visual analyser; (d) In the tactile cutaneous analyser; (e) Occurring after extirpation of the frontal lobes; (f) In the thermal cutaneous analyser; (g) Arising after extirpation of the gyrus pyriformis; (h) In the motor analyser | 341 |
| XXI. | Pathological disturbances of the cortex, result of surgical interference (continued): Attempt to correlate the general postoperative behaviour of the animals with the disturbances in the activity of individual analysers | 361 |
| XXII. | The general characteristics of the present investigation and its special difficulties.--Discovery of certain errors necessitating the modification of some earlier interpretations | 377 |
| XXIII. | The experimental results obtained with animals in their application to man | 395 |
| Bibliography | 412 | |
| Index | 429 |
Overview
The Nobel Prize-winning scientist offers a precise, full, and accessible exposition of his landmark work in experimental psychology. Pavlov details the technical means by which he established experiments and controls, the experiments, observations on formation of conditioned reflexes, external and internal reflex inhibitions, the function of cerebral hemispheres and cortex, and more. 18 figures.