Dark Tide: The Great Boston Molasses Flood of 1919

by Stephen Puleo

Overview

Around noon on January 15, 1919, a group of firefighters was playing cards in Boston's North End when they heard a tremendous crash. It was like roaring surf, one of them said later. Like a runaway two-horse team smashing through a fence, said another. A third firefighter jumped up from his chair to look out a window-"Oh my God!" he shouted to the other men, "Run!"

A 50-foot-tall steel tank filled with 2.3 million gallons of molasses had just collapsed on Boston's waterfront, disgorging its contents as a 15-foot-high wave of molasses that at its outset traveled at 35 miles an hour. It demolished wooden homes, even the brick fire station. The number of dead wasn't known for days. It would be years before a landmark court battle determined who was responsible for the disaster.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780807096673
Publisher:	Beacon Press
Publication date:	11/10/2010
Sold by:	Penguin Random House Publisher Services
Format:	eBook
Pages:	280
Sales rank:	847,431
File size:	4 MB

About the Author

Stephen Puleo is author of the Boston Globe best seller The Boston Italians and the critically acclaimed Dark Tide: The Great Boston Molasses Flood of 1919. A former award-winning newspaper reporter and contributor to American History magazine, he holds a master's degree in history and wrote his thesis on Italian immigration and the settlement of Boston's North End. He donates a portion of his book proceeds to the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF), the leading charitable funder and advocate of juvenile (Type 1) diabetes research. He and his wife, Kate, live in Weymouth, Massachusetts.

Table of Contents

Author’s Note

Prologue: Isaac’s Demons

Part One: A Monster in Our Midst

1. Deadline on the Waterfront
2. Neighborhood Weeping
3. Along the Gulf Stream
4. War and Anarchy
5. Heavy Load

Part Two: Waves of Terror

6. Before . . .
7. Engulfed!
8. “I Am Prepared to Meet my God”
9. Darkening Skies

Part Three: David vs. Goliath

10. “One of the Worst Catastrophes”
11. Factor of Safety
12. “A Sordid Story”

Epilogue
List of Deceased
Bibliographic Essay
Acknowledgments
Index
Afterword to the Anniversary Edition

Editorial Reviews

In January, 1919, a fifty-foot tank filled with molasses exploded, sending waves of viscous goo through waterfront Boston and killing twenty-one people. Were Italian anarchists to blame or was it negligence by the tank’s owner, the United States Industrial Alcohol company? Such matters form the crux of Puleo’s account, which is narrated with gusto (and sometimes too much gusto: one victim has molasses “clinging to his private parts, like an army of insects that just keep coming”). Molasses was a vital commodity at the time, used in rum manufacture (the tank was full to the brim to cash in on pre-Prohibition demand), and it had been important in the production of First World War munitions. Puleo overreaches in claiming the story of the flood as a “microcosm of America”—an almost obligatory conclusion in this sort of history—but his enthusiasm for a little-known catastrophe is infectious.

The New Yorker

In this volume, Puleo, a contributor to American History magazine, sets out to determine whether the collapse of a molasses tank that sent a tidal wave of 2.3 million gallons of the sticky liquid through Boston's North End and killed 21 people was the work of Italian anarchists or due to negligence by the tank's owner, United States Industrial Alcohol. Getting into the minds of the major players in the disaster-USIA suits, victims, witnesses, North End residents, politicians-he re-creates not only the scene but also the social, political and economic environments of the time that made the disaster more than just an industrial accident. While the collapse's aftermath is tragic, the story itself is not exactly gripping. More interesting are the tidbits of Boston's and America's history, such as the importance of molasses to all U.S. war efforts up to and including WWI, which Puleo uses to put the tank collapse in the context of a very complex time in U.S. history. The most striking aspect of this tale is the timeliness of the topics it touches on. Describing Americans being persecuted because of their ethnicity, a sagging economy boosted by war, and terrorism on U.S. soil that results in anti-immigration laws and deportations, Puleo could just as easily be writing about current events as about events in 1919. Overall, this is another piece in the jigsaw puzzle that is Boston's long and rich history. Photos. (Sept.) Copyright 2003 Reed Business Information.

Publishers Weekly

Boston native and journalist Puleo takes an incident that seems to belong in a Marx Brothers movie and resituates it in the city's social history. The 15-foot-high wall of molasses that inundated the streets of Boston's North End in winter of 1919, the debut author explains, flows into such issues of the day as "immigration, anarchists, World War I, Prohibition, the relationship between labor and Big Business, and between the people and their government." With a good sense of timing and an easy voice, Puleo sets the scene for the disaster to come: the rush to complete a giant tank holding more than two million gallons of molasses, the failure to have it properly tested, the blind eye that parent company US Industrial Alcohol turned to the tank's copious leaks, and the threats it levied at workers who complained. The author also paints the period's social picture. Discrimination against the North End's Italian-born residents and their lack of political participation, whether barred from it or of their own volition, were important factors in the tank's placement near their neighborhood. The rise of the anarchist movement and its strong antiwar sentiments made the tank a tempting target, since alcohol produced from the molasses went into the making of wartime munitions. The sheer destructive force of the molasses flood is jarringly presented in a number of vignettes about those trapped; 21 people died. In the ensuing court battle, Big Business was put on notice that it would not be trusted to police construction safety standards itself, it was not above the law, and it would be liable for damages. Properly and compellingly recasts quaint folklore as a tragedy with important ramifications.(Photographs) Agent: Joy Tutela/David Black Literary Agency

Kirkus Reviews

Narrated with gusto . . . [Puleo's] enthusiasm for a little-known catastrophe is infectious. —The New Yorker

"Compelling . . . Puleo has done justice to a gripping historical story."—Ralph Ranalli, Boston Globe

"Thoroughly researched . . . weaves together the stories of the people and families affected by the disaster, with often heartbreaking glimpses of their fates . . . The cleanup lasted months, the lawsuits years, the fearful memories a lifetime." —Randolph E. Schmid, Associated Press

"Giving a human face to tragedy is part of the brilliance of Stephen Puleo's Dark Tide . . . Until they were given voice in this book, the characters who drove the story were forgotten." —Caroline Leavitt, Boston Sunday Globe

From the Publisher