Denmark and the Crusades, 1400-1650

Overview

This first full-length study of the role of crusading in late-medieval and early modern Denmark from about 1400 to 1650 offers new perspectives to international crusade studies. The first part of the book proves that crusading had a tremendous impact on political and religious life in Scandinavia all through the Middle Ages. Danish kings argued in the fifteenth century that they had their own northern crusade frontier, which stretched across Scandinavia from Russia in the east well into the North Atlantic and ...

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Overview

This first full-length study of the role of crusading in late-medieval and early modern Denmark from about 1400 to 1650 offers new perspectives to international crusade studies. The first part of the book proves that crusading had a tremendous impact on political and religious life in Scandinavia all through the Middle Ages. Danish kings argued in the fifteenth century that they had their own northern crusade frontier, which stretched across Scandinavia from Russia in the east well into the North Atlantic and Greenland in the west. A series of expeditions in the North Atlantic were considered to be crusades aimed at re-conquering Greenland as a stepping stone towards India and the realm of Prester John, which was argued to be originally Danish, adding a much neglected corner to the expansion of Christendom in this period. The second part shows that the impact of crusading continued long after the Reformation ostensibly should have put an end to its viability within Protestant Denmark.

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Product Details

  • ISBN-13: 9789004155794
  • Publisher: Brill Academic Publishers, Inc.
  • Publication date: 4/24/2007
  • Series: Northern World Series , #30
  • Pages: 400
  • Product dimensions: 6.52 (w) x 9.65 (h) x 1.22 (d)

Meet the Author

Janus Møller Jensen, Ph.D. (2005) in medieval history, University of Southern Denmark, is associate professor at the University of Southern Denmark. He has published in Danish, English and German on the history and historiography of the crusades.

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Table of Contents

List of Illustrations     ix
List of Maps     xi
Preface     xvii
Introduction     1
Crusade Historiography in Denmark     2
The Golden Age     5
New Trends     9
International Crusade Historiography     13
Denmark in the Late Middle Ages and the Early Modern Period     24
Crusades at the Ends of the Earth, 1400-1523
Kalmar Union and the Crusade, 1397-1523     35
Denmark and the Crusade in the Fourteenth Century     35
Valdemar IV and the Crusade     39
Crusades and Herrings     46
Crusades in Scandinavia 1400-1448     50
Papal Collectors     51
The Crusade and the Teutonic Knights     54
Crusades against the Hussites     56
Denmark and the Hussite Crusades     59
Christopher of Bavaria and the Crusade     68
Christian I and Crusades against the Turk 1448-1481     70
The Norwegian Problem     70
Crusades against the Turks and Peace in the North     74
The Fall of Constantinople     77
The Northern Frontier     82
The Collection of Funds by Marinus de Fregeno     92
The Crusade of Pius II     96
From Ancona to the Fall of Negroponte 1464-1470     97
Preaching the Crusades     104
Preaching the Crusades     104
Spreading the Word     111
Crusade Liturgy     113
Letters of Indulgence     121
Crusading Nuns     124
Crusade Literature     127
Crusades against the Russians     132
King Hans and the Crusade against the Turk     148
Christian II and the Crusade: Part I     154
Greenland and the Crusades     159
The Forgotten Periphery     160
The Skraelings     163
The Heathens of the Far North     171
Crusade in the Atlantic     181
The Southern Front     183
The Northern Front     185
Danish Crusades to India     190
Danish Crusades in India     197
Conclusions: The Forgotten Crusades     203
Crusades After the Reformation
Crusade and Reformation     209
Christian II and the Crusade: Part II     210
Exile, Protestantism, and the Crusade     210
The Last Danish Crusade?     219
Martin Luther and the War against the Turk     220
Luther and the Turkish Advance     222
Secular War and Martyrdom     229
Ob Kriegsleute auch in seligem Stande sein konnen?     236
The War against the Turks     241
The Right Intention     251
Apocalyptic Thoughts Concerning the Turk     253
Liturgical War against the Turks     256
Conclusions     262
Protestant Crusades?     267
Christian III and War against the Turks     268
Paulus Helie and the Lutheran Turks     270
Denmark, Protestantism, and the Crusade     272
Spiritual Warfare against the Turks     275
Peder Palladius and the Turks     277
Protestantism and Religious War, 1559-1648     283
Liturgical Warfare     289
The war against the Turks     294
The Turks in the North Atlantic     296
Pilgrims to the Holy Sepulchre     301
Crusade in Literature and Print     309
Prince Svend     316
The Order of the Armed Arm     317
The Knights of Saint John in Scandinavia     318
Orders of Chivalry in Denmark     321
The Order of the Elephant     321
The Legend and the Order of Dannebrog     327
Denmark in the Thirty Years' War     331
The Lion of the North     333
Explanations for Defeat     335
Conclusion     339
Appendix A     349
Illustrations
Bibliography     353
Manuscript Sources     353
Abbreviations     353
Literature and Sources     355
Index     389
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