Density Matrix Theory and Applications / Edition 2

ISBN-10: 1441932577

ISBN-13: 9781441932570

Pub. Date: 12/06/2010

Publisher: Springer US

Quantum mechanics has been mostly concerned with those states of systems that are represented by state vectors. In many cases, however, the system of interest is incompletely determined; for example, it may have no more than a certain probability of being in the precisely defined dynamical state characterized by a state vector. Because of this incomplete knowledge, a

Overview

Quantum mechanics has been mostly concerned with those states of systems that are represented by state vectors. In many cases, however, the system of interest is incompletely determined; for example, it may have no more than a certain probability of being in the precisely defined dynamical state characterized by a state vector. Because of this incomplete knowledge, a need for statistical averaging arises in the same sense as in classical physics. The density matrix was introduced by J. von Neumann in 1927 to describe statistical concepts in quantum mechanics. The main virtue of the density matrix is its analytical power in the construction of general formulas and in the proof of general theorems. The evaluation of averages and probabilities of the physical quantities characterizing a given system is extremely cumbersome without the use of density matrix techniques. The representation of quantum mechanical states by density matrices enables the maximum information available on the system to be expressed in a compact manner and hence avoids the introduction of unnecessary vari­ ables. The use of density matrix methods also has the advantage of providing a uniform treatment of all quantum mechanical states, whether they are completely or incom~'\etely known. Until recently the use of the density matrix method has been mainly restricted to statistical physics. In recent years, however, the application of the density matrix has been gaining more and more importance in many other fields of physics.

Product Details

ISBN-13:
9781441932570
Publisher:
Springer US
Publication date:
12/06/2010
Series:
Physics of Atoms and Molecules Series
Edition description:
Softcover reprint of hardcover 2nd ed. 1996
Pages:
327
Product dimensions:
0.72(w) x 9.21(h) x 6.14(d)

Basic Concepts. General Density Matrix Theory. Coupled Systems. Irreducible Components of the Density Matrix. Radiation from Polarized Atoms: Quantum Beats. Some Applications. The Role of Orientation and Alignment in Molecular Processes. Quantum Theory of Relaxation. Appendix A: The Direct Product. Appendix B: State Multipoles for Coupled Systems. Appendix C: Formulas from Angular Momentum Theory. Appendix D: The Efficiency of a Measuring Device. Appendix E: The Scattering and Transition Operators. Index.

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