Diffusion in Natural Porous Media: Contaminant Transport, Sorption/Desorption and Dissolution Kinetics / Edition 1

by Peter Grathwohl

Overview

Diffusion in Natural Porous Media: Contaminant Transport, Sorption/Desorption and Dissolution Kinetics introduces the general principles of diffusion in the subsurface environment and discusses the implications for the fate and transport of contaminants in soils and groundwater. Emphasis is placed on sorption/desorption and the dissolution kinetics of organic contaminants, both of which are limited by the slow speed of molecular diffusion.
Diffusion in Natural Porous Media: Contaminant Transport, Sorption/Desorption and Dissolution Kinetics compiles methods for calculating the diffusion coefficients of organic compounds (in aqueous solution or vapor phase) in natural porous media. The author uses analytical solutions of Fick's 2nd law and some simple numerical models to model diffusive transport under various initial and boundary conditions. A number of these models may be solved using spreadsheets.
The book examines sorption/desorption rates of organic compounds in various soils and aquifer materials, and also examines the dissolution kinetics of nonaqueous phase liquids in aquifers, in both the trapped residual phase and in pools.
Diffusion in Natural Porous Media: Contaminant Transport, Sorption/Desorption and Dissolution Kinetics concludes with a discussion of the impact of slow diffusion processes on soil and groundwater decontamination and the implications of these processes for groundwater risk assessment.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780792381020
Publisher:	Springer US
Publication date:	02/28/1998
Series:	Topics in Environmental Fluid Mechanics , #1
Edition description:	1998
Pages:	207
Product dimensions:	6.10(w) x 9.25(h) x 0.36(d)

Table of Contents

1. Introduction.- 1.1 Persistence of Organic Contaminants in the Subsurface Environment.- 1.2 Nonequilibrium Transport — Remediation of Contaminated Sites.- 1.3 Diffusion in Sediments and Rocks.- 2. Basics of Sorption and Diffusion in Soils and Sediments.- 2.1 Sorption of Organic Compounds in Soils and Sediments.- 2.2 Mass Transfer by Diffusion.- 3. Modeling of Diffusion Processes.- 3.1 Intraparticle Diffusion.- 3.2 Diffusion into Layers of Low Permeability.- 4. Measured Diffusion Coefficients.- 4.1 Time-Lag Experiments.- 4.2 Diffusion Coefficients from Sorption/Desorption Kinetics.- 4.3 Prediction of Diffusion Coefficients.- 5. Dissolution Kinetics of Non Aqueous Phase Liquids.- 5.1 Aqueous Solubility of Organic Compounds.- 5.2 Dissolution Kinetics.- 6. Risk Assessment — Remediation.- 6.1 Risk Assessment: Release Rates.- 6.2 Time Scales of Soil and Groundwater Remediation.- 6.3 Transport by Diffusion Compared to Advection.- References.- Appendices.- I. Analytical Methods: TCE and Phenanthrene.- II. Methods of Solids Characterization.- III. TCE-Diffusion Data: Time-Lag Method.- IV. Tracer Diffusion Data.- V. Examples for Long-Term Sorption Kinetics of Phenanthrene.

Editorial Reviews

Launches a series that intends to deal with topics as varied as atmospheric dynamics, coastal oceanography, subsurface flow and transport, lava flow, oil spills on the sea surface, indoor contamination and clean-room technology, risk assessment, data acquisition, and stochastic models. Introduces the general principles of diffusion in the subsurface environment and discusses the implications for the fate and transport of contaminants in the soils and groundwater. Emphasizes sorption and desorption and the dissolution kinetics of organic contaminants, both of which are limited by the slow speed of molecular diffusion. Also compiles methods for calculating the diffusion coefficients of organic compounds in aqueous solution or vapor phase through natural porous media. Annotation c. by Book News, Inc., Portland, Or.

Booknews

‘... this book forms a very useful reference for data on diffusion parameters and also on methdology for quantifying contaminant transport related to diffusional processes.'
Episodes, 22:4 (1999)

From the Publisher