Education and Dialogue in Polarized Societies: Dialogic perspectives in times of change

by Oxford University Press

Overview

A number of scholars within the social sciences and the humanities have elaborated on the cultural and psychological dimensions of living through social, economic and political crises. Still, developments during the last decade have created an awareness that something fundamental of the human condition is at stake, especially for the young generation growing up today, with a devastating environmental crisis, globalization, large scale migration, the impact of digitalization and so forth. The consequence has been increased polarization between nations, communities, and people, where the dialogue for human understanding seems to vanish. The basic rationale underlying this book is that education is a key social system where learning to take different perspectives, to stimulate dialogue and intersubjectivity are fundamental for social and cultural development. We bring together scholars from North-America and Europe, but with relevance on a global scale. The four sections in the book cover theoretical explorations referring to the power and generativity of the writings of the Norwegian scholar Ragnar Rommetveit (section 1), diverse chapters and examples on the societal conditions for dialogue and the role of education (section 2), empirical illustration on the role of digital technologies (section 3), and micro-analytical studies of learning dialogues at home, in kindergarten and school (section 4).

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780197605448
Publisher:	Oxford University Press
Publication date:	04/23/2024
Sold by:	Barnes & Noble
Format:	eBook
File size:	7 MB

About the Author

Professor Erstad is an internationally leading researcher with a focus on digital literacy, but firmly rooted in the wider social and cultural context of learning beyond the technological aspects. His areas of expertise are learning, technology and education, children and youth in modern society. Erstad has been leading several large-scale research projects and research networks funded by the Norwegian Research Council, Nordforsk and the EU, and is part of several international networks and committees. He has been elected as Chair for the Scientific Advisory Committee for Science Europe (2016-2018), and Vice-Chair for the COST Action of 'The digital literacy and multimodal practices of young children' (2015-2018). He has been visiting scholar/professor at the University of Southern-Denmark, University of Hong Kong, UC San Diego. Bente E. Hagtvet is a researcher of the learning and teaching of language and thinking with particular interests in in developmental and didactic perspectives on the transition from preschool to school and children's meeting with the written language, when in typical and untypical deveopment. She graduated from the University of Oslo, has taught at Universities in Sweden, Denmark and Finland and been a guest professor at the University of Oxford (1996-1996), Berkely University (the fall of 2007), University of Tromsø (2008-2010), At the University of Oslo she was Dean of Faculty (2002-2007) and has been leading a fair number of research projects over the years. James V. Wertsch is a scholar of language, thought, and culture, with a special focus on national memory and and narratives. After finishing his Ph.D. at the University of Chicago, Wertsch was a postdoctoral fellow at the USSR Academy of Sciences and Moscow State University, where he studied with the neuropsychologist A.R. Luria. Wertsch has held faculty positions at Northwestern University, the University of California, San Diego, Clark University, and Washington University in St. Louis, where he has also been Vice Chancellor for International Affairs. He is a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the Russian Academy of Education, and he holds honorary degrees from Linköping University and the University of Oslo. Wertsch has also served as a guest professor at the University of Oslo, the University of Bristol, the University of Seville, Tsinghua University in Beijing, and Fudan University in Shanghai.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 The Importance of Dialogue 1.1 Introduction 1.2 The importance of dialogue 1.3 The current dominance of monologic approaches 1.4 The dialogical rationale of this book: Key theoretical positions. 1.5 Dialogue and learning 1.6 The structure of the book SECTION 1: THE LEGACY OF ROMMETVEIT Chapter 2 The Role of Narratives in Dialogue and Intersubjectivity 2.1 Introduction 2.2 The influence of Rommetveit 2.3 Narrative as a Symbolic Tool 2.4 American National Narratives as Co-authors 2.5 Competing Narrative Templates 2.6 Dialogism, Intersubjectivity, and Narratives Chapter 3 Ragnar Rommetveit on Contextures and Partially Shared Understandings 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Ragnar Rommetveit 3.3 On Rommetveit´s early attempts to describe contexts of languaging 3.4 Authentic situations I: Threatening phone calls 3.5 Authentic situations II: Situations suggesting sexual abuse of children 3.6 Authentic situations III: Hannah Arendt about Adolf Eichmann in Jerusalem 3.7 Authentic example IV: Putin´s on the war in Ukraine 3.8 On remote contexts and lost opportunities 3.9 Context atrophy in formal linguistics and in myopic interaction analysis 3.10 Coda: A note on macro-level phenomena Chapter 4 Layered Attunement: Internal dialogues of intersubjectivity 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Dialogical negotiation beyond consciousness 4.3 The Polysemic Multivoiced Self (PMS) 4.4 Relations between voices: tensions and their negotiation 4.5 General Discussion: Learning with Rommetveit SECTION 2: SOCIETAL CONDITONS FOR DIALOGUE AND THE ROLE OF EDUCATION Chapter 5 The Limits and Potential of Dialogue to counter Polarization in Educative settings 5.1 Introduction: is dialogue disabled in polarized settings? 5.2 Dialogue as a remedy of polarization - the UNION project 5.3 What can dialogue do in situations of polarization according to the theory? 5.3.1 Can we design inclusive dialogical spaces for communities that are diverse? 5.3.2 (How) can dialogue function between parties with rival or incommensurable worldviews? 5.3.3 What can we learn from the very nature of intersubjectivty and its ability to bridge opposing worlds? 5.4 Implications for designing dialogical interventions 5.4.1 Design principles for dialogical interventions 5.5 Concluding thoughts: the need to go back to the rough ground Chapter 6 Active citizenship and participation through “Dialogues in the Square” 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Theoretical framework 6.3 “Dialogues in the Square”: The origins of the project 6.4 Participants and Partners 6.5 The Development of dialogues: Towards Action in a Public Space 6.6 Experiencing Different Types of Dialogues 6.7 A Snapshot from the Field: Triggering Cross-Generation Dialogue 6.8 Constraints and Opportunities Chapter 7 A dialogic theory of educational technology 7.1 Introduction: definitions and scope 7.1.1 What is 'technology'? 7.1.2 Theory and practice as dialogues in different timescales 7.1.3 What is 'education'? 7.2 Dialogism 7.2.1 The dialogic gap is constitutive for meaning 7.2.2 Dialogic space 7.2.3 The inside:outside/outside:inside nature of dialogic relations 7.2.4 We learn as a response to a call 7.2.5 Dialogic double-voicedness 7.2.6 Learning as the expansion of dialogue 7.3 The theory of educational technology 7.4 Conversation Theory 7.4.1 Commentary on Conversation Theory 7.4.2 Connectivism or learning as networking 7.4.3 Commentary on Connectivism 7.5 A dialogic theory of educational technology 7.5.1 Education technology for connection 7.5.2 Education technology for participation 7.5.3 Education technology for the expansion of time 7.6 Discussion and conclusion SECTION 3: THE ROLE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES Chapter 8 Using microblogging to create a space for attending and attuning to others 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Socioscientific reasoning (SSI), intersubjectivity and technology mediated dialogue 8.3 Microblogging in classroom interactions 8.4 Vignettes of classroom attunement and intersubjectivity 8.4.1 Who is to blame if the car crashes? 8.4.2 'The computer could go crazy' 8.4.3 'I think you should do that one' 8.5 Attunement and intersubjectivity in technology-mediated learning Chapter 9 Engaging in dialogic activities in an online community: Expanding the notion of double dialogicality 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Dialogism and co-authorship of meaning 9.3 Digital technology and the expansion of double dialogicality 9.4 Engaging in dialogic activities in an online community - Space2cre8 as an illustrative case 9.5 Concluding remarks Chapter 10 Intersubjectivity and Dialogue in Video Games 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Online Gaming and Notions of Intersubjectivity 10.3 Contextual Background 10.4 Elements of the Communicative Medium and Their Influence on Toxicity 10.5 Enculturation 10.6 Data and Analysis 10.7 Disagreement and Intersubjectivity - Online and Offline 10.8 Conclusion SECTION 4: LEARNING DIALOGUES AT HOME AND IN SCHOOL Chapter 11 Opportunities to learn and intersubjectivity 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Classroom/supports for active learning 11.2.1 Engaging in debate and discussion 11.2.2 Using worked examples to promote reflection 11.3 Collaborative learning with authentic tasks 11.3.1 Summary of classroom methods 11.3.2 Piercing the Autonomous learner shield in professional development 11.3.3 Engaging in hybrid debate and discussion 11.3.4 Using worked examples to promote reflection 11.3.5 Collaborative Learning with Authentic Tasks 11.3.6 From practices to principles Chapter 12 Code-switching during Shared Reading in Bilingual Families 12.1 Introduction 12.2 A dialogic perspective on parent-child code-switching in the context of shared reading 12.3 The present study 12.4 Methods 12.4.1 Participants 12.4.2 Procedure and data collection 12.4.3 Coding and analysis 12.5 Results 12.5.1 Code-switching patterns over time in the seven dyads 12.5.2 Code-switching as a tool in scaffolded dialogues 12.5.3 Child-initiated code-switching and parental confirmation 12.5.5 Child-initiated code-switching and parental extension 12.5.6 Parent-initiated code-switching to support the child's understanding 12.6 Discussion 12.7 Conclusion Chapter 13 The Importance of Intersubjectivity in Teacher-Child Joint Story Construction 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Teaching and learning as communicative acts, based on intersubjectivity 13.3 Intersubjectivity and learning dialogues 13.4 Intersubjectivity in a developmental perspective 13.5 The current study 13.6 Method 13.7 Results 13.7 Teacher-child-interactions with wavering intersubjectivity 13.8 Summary and Conclusions 13.9 Implications SECTION 5: COMMENTARIES Chapter 14 Dialogue, Polarization, and Change: Reflections - a Commentary Chapter 15 Not just change: Dialogue in times of crisis - a Commentary 15.1 A perennial theme of acute contemporary relevance 15.2 Crisis, not just change 15.3 The implications of considering crisis 15.4 The significance of dialogical perspectives in a time of planetary crisis 15.5 A brief illustration Chapter 16 Legacies and Prospects of Dialogue - Editor's Final Note 16.1 A final note 16.2 With inspiration from Ragnar Rommetveit