Electronics Cookbook: Practical Electronic Recipes with Arduino and Raspberry Pi

Electronics Cookbook: Practical Electronic Recipes with Arduino and Raspberry Pi

by Simon Monk
Electronics Cookbook: Practical Electronic Recipes with Arduino and Raspberry Pi

Electronics Cookbook: Practical Electronic Recipes with Arduino and Raspberry Pi

by Simon Monk

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Overview

If you’re among the many hobbyists and designers who came to electronics through Arduino and Raspberry Pi, this cookbook will help you learn and apply the basics of electrical engineering without the need for an EE degree. Through a series of practical recipes, you’ll learn how to solve specific problems while diving into as much or as little theory as you’re comfortable with.

Author Simon Monk (Raspberry Pi Cookbook) breaks down this complex subject into several topics, from using the right transistor to building and testing projects and prototypes. With this book, you can quickly search electronics topics and go straight to the recipe you need. It also serves as an ideal reference for experienced electronics makers.

This cookbook includes:

  • Theoretical concepts such as Ohm’s law and the relationship between power, voltage, and current
  • The fundamental use of resistors, capacitors and inductors, diodes, transistors and integrated circuits, and switches and relays
  • Recipes on power, sensors and motors, integrated circuits, and radio frequency for designing electronic circuits and devices
  • Advice on using Arduino and Raspberry Pi in electronics projects
  • How to build and use tools, including multimeters, oscilloscopes, simulations software, and unsoldered prototypes

Product Details

ISBN-13: 9781491953402
Publisher: O'Reilly Media, Incorporated
Publication date: 04/23/2017
Pages: 459
Sales rank: 511,408
Product dimensions: 6.90(w) x 9.10(h) x 1.00(d)

About the Author

Simon Monk is a full-time author and maker, mostly writing about electronics for makers. Some of his better-known books include Programming Arduino: Getting Started with Sketches, Raspberry Pi Cookbook, and Hacking Electronics. He is also the co-author of Practical Electronics for Inventors and wrote Minecraft Mastery with his son, Matthew Monk.

Table of Contents

Preface xi

1 Theory 1

1.0 Introduction 1

1.1 Understanding Current 1

1.2 Understanding Voltage 2

1.3 Calculate Voltage, Current or Resistance 4

1.4 Calculate Current at Any Point in a Circuit 6

1.5 Calculate the Voltages Within Your Circuit 7

1.6 Understanding Power 8

1.7 Alternating Current 8

2 Resistors 11

2.0 Introduction 11

2.1 Read Resistor Packages 11

2.2 Find Standard Resistor Values 14

2.3 Select a Variable Resistor 15

2.4 Combine Resistors in Series 17

2.5 Combine Resistors in Parallel 18

2.6 Reduce a Voltage to a Measurable Level 19

2.7 Choose a Resistor that Won't Burn Out 21

2.8 Measure Light Levels 22

2.9 Measure Temperature 23

2.10 Choose the Right Wires 24

3 Capacitors and Inductors 29

3.0 Introduction 29

3.1 Store Energy Temporarily in Your Circuits 29

3.2 Identify Types of Capacitors 33

3.3 Read Capacitor Packages 35

3.4 Connect Capacitors in Parallel 36

3.5 Connect Capacitors in Series 37

3.6 Store Huge Amounts of Energy 38

3.7 Calculate the Energy Stored in a Capacitor 39

3.8 Modify and Moderate Current Flow 40

3.9 Convert AC Voltages 41

4 Diodes 45

4.0 Introduction 45

4.1 Block the Flow of Current in One Direction 45

4.2 Know Your Diodes 47

4.3 Use a Diode to Restrict DC Voltages 49

4.4 Let There Be Light 50

4.5 Detect Light 52

5 Transistors and Integrated Circuits 55

5.0 Introduction 55

5.1 Switch a Stronger Current Using a Weaker One 56

5.2 Switch a Current with Minimal Control Current 59

5.3 Switch High Current Loads Efficiently 61

5.4 Switch Very High Voltages 63

5.5 Choosing the Right Transistor 64

5.6 Switching Alternating Current 67

5.7 Detecting Light with Transistors 68

5.8 Isolating Signals for Safety or Noise Elimination 69

5.9 Discover Integrated Circuits 71

6 Switches and Relays 73

6.0 Introduction 73

6.1 Switch Electricity Mechanically 73

6.2 Know Your Switches 75

6.3 Switching Using Magnetism 77

6.4 Rediscover Relays 78

7 Power Supplies 81

7.0 Introduction 81

7.1 Convert AC to AC 82

7.2 Convert AC to DC (Quick and Dirty) 83

7.3 Convert AC to DC with Less Ripple 85

7.4 Convert AC to Regulated DC 87

7.5 Converting AC to Variable DC 89

7.6 Regulate Voltage from a Battery Source 90

7.7 Make a Constant-Current Power Supply 91

7.8 Regulate DC Voltage Efficiently 92

7.9 Convert a Lower DC Voltage to a Higher DC Voltage 93

7.10 Convert DC to AC 94

7.11 Power a Project from 110 or 220V AC 97

7.12 Multiply Your Voltage 98

7.13 Supply High Voltage at 450V 99

7.14 Even Higher Voltage Supply (>1kV) 102

7.15 Very Very High Voltage Supply (Solid-State Tesla Coil) 103

7.16 Blow a Fuse 106

7.17 Protect from Polarity Errors 107

8 Batteries 111

8.0 Introduction 111

8.1 Estimating Battery Life 111

8.2 Selecting a Nonrechargeable Battery 113

8.3 Selecting a Rechargeable Battery 115

8.4 Trickle Charging 116

8.5 Automatic Battery Backup 117

8.6 Charging LiPo Batteries 119

8.7 Get Every Drop of Power with the Joule Thief 120

9 Solar Power 123

9.0 Introduction 123

9.1 Power Your Projects with Solar 123

9.2 Choose a Solar Panel 126

9.3 Measure the Actual Output Power of a Solar Panel 128

9.4 Power an Arduino with Solar 130

9.5 Power a Raspberry Pi with Solar 132

10 Arduino and Raspberry Pi 135

10.0 Introduction 135

10.1 Explore Arduino 135

10.2 Downloading and Using the Book's Arduino Sketches 139

10.3 Explore Raspberry Pi 140

10.4 Downloading and Running This Books Python Programs 141

10.5 Run a Program on Your Raspberry Pi on Startup 142

10.6 Explore Alternatives to Arduino and Raspberry Pi 143

10.7 Switch Things On and Off 145

10.8 Control Digital Outputs with Arduino 149

10.9 Control Digital Outputs from Raspberry Pi 150

10.10 Connect Arduino to Digital Inputs Like Switches 151

10.11 Connect Raspberry Pi to Digital Inputs Like Switches 154

10.12 Read Analog Inputs on Arduino 155

10.13 Generate Analog Output on Arduino 157

10.14 Generate Analog Output on Raspberry Pi 160

10.15 Connect Raspberry Pi to I2C Devices 162

10.16 Connect Raspberry Pi to SPI Devices 164

10.17 Level Conversion 165

11 Switching 169

11.0 Introduction 169

11.1 Switch More Power than Your Pi or Arduino Can Handle 169

11.2 Switch Power On the High Side 171

11.3 Switch Much More Power 173

11.4 Switch Much More Power on the High Side 175

11.5 Choose Between a BJT and MOSFET 176

11.6 Switch with Arduino 178

11.7 Switch with a Raspberry Pi 181

11.8 Reversible Switching 183

11.9 Control a Relay from a GPIO Pin 184

11.10 Control a Solid-State Relay from a GPIO Pin 187

11.11 Connect to Open-Collector Outputs 188

12 Sensors 191

12.0 Introduction 191

12.1 Connect a Switch to an Arduino or Raspberry Pi 191

12.2 Sense Rotational Position 196

12.3 Sense Analog Input from Resistive Sensors 201

12.4 Add Analog Inputs to Raspberry Pi 203

12.5 Connect Resistive Sensors to the Raspberry Pi without an ADC 204

12.6 Measure Light Intensity 206

12.7 Measure Temperature on Arduino or Raspberry Pi 207

12.8 Measure Temperature without an ADC on the Raspberry Pi 209

12.9 Measure Rotation Using a Potentiometer 211

12.10 Measure Temperature with an Analog IC 212

12.11 Measure Temperature with a Digital IC 214

12.12 Measure Humidity 218

12.13 Measure Distance 220

13 Motors 225

13.0 Introduction 225

13.1 Switch DC Motors On and Off 226

13.2 Measure the Speed of a DC Motor 227

13.3 Control the Direction of a DC Motor 229

13.4 Setting Motors to Precise Positions 233

13.5 Move a Motor a Precise Number of Steps 238

13.6 Choose a Simpler Stepper Motor 243

14 LEDs and Displays 249

14.0 Introduction 249

14.1 Connect Standard LEDs 249

14.2 Drive High-Power LEDs 252

14.3 Power Lots of LEDs 254

14.4 Switch Lots of LEDs at the Same Time 256

14.5 Multiplex Signals to 7-Segment Displays 256

14.6 Control Many LEDs 259

14.7 Change the Colors of RGB LEDs 264

14.8 Connect to Addressable LED Strips 268

14.9 Use an I2C 7-Segment LED Display 271

14.10 Display Graphics or Text on OLED Displays 275

14.11 Display Text on Alphanumeric LCD Displays 277

15 Digital ICs 281

15.0 Introduction 281

15.1 Protecting ICs from Electrical Noise 281

15.2 Know Your Logic Families 283

15.3 Control More Outputs Than You Have GPIO Pins 284

15.4 Build a Digital Toggle Switch 288

15.5 Reduce a Signal's Frequency 289

15.6 Connect to Decimal Counters 290

16 Analog 293

16.0 Introduction 293

16.1 Filter Out High Frequencies (Quick and Dirty) 293

16.2 Create an Oscillator 297

16.3 Flash LEDs in Series 298

16.4 Avoid Drops in Voltage from Input to Output 299

16.5 Build a Low-Cost Oscillator 301

16.6 Build a Variable Duty Cycle Oscillator 303

16.7 Make a One-Shot Timer 305

16.8 Control Motor Speed 306

16.9 Apply PWM to an Analog Signal 308

16.10 Make a Voltage-Controlled Oscillator (VCO) 310

16.11 Explore Decibel Measurement 311

17 Operational Amplifiers 315

17.0 Introduction 315

17.1 Select an Op-Amp 316

17.2 Power an Op-Amp (Split Supply) 318

17.3 Power an. Op-Amp (Single Supply) 319

17.4 Make an Inverting Amplifier 320

17.5 Make a Noninverting Amplifier 322

17.6 Buffer a Signal 323

17.7 Reduce the Amplitude of High Frequencies 325

17.8 Filter Out Low Frequencies 328

17.9 Filter Out High and Low Frequencies 330

17.10 Compare Two Voltages 332

18 Audio 335

18.0 Introduction 335

18.1 Play Sounds on an Arduino 336

18.2 Play Sound with a Raspberry Pi 339

18.3 Incorporate an Electret Microphone Into a Project 340

18.4 Make a 1W Power Amplifier 343

18.5 Make a 10W Power Amplifier 345

19 Radio Frequency 349

19.0 Introduction 349

19.1 Make an FM Radio Transmitter 354

19.2 Create a Software FM Transmitter Using Raspberry Pi 355

19.3 Build an Arduino-Powered FM Receiver 357

19.4 Send Digital Data Over a Radio 359

20 Construction 365

20.0 Introduction 365

20.1 Create Temporary Circuits 365

20.2 Create Permanent Circuits 372

20.3 Design Your Own Circuit Board 375

20.4 Explore Through-Hole Soldering 378

20.5 Explore Surface-Mount Soldering 379

20.6 Desolder Components 384

20.7 Solder Without Destroying Components 385

21 Tools 389

21.0 Introduction 389

21.1 Use a Lab Power Supply 389

21.2 Measure DC Voltage 391

21.3 Measure AC Voltage 392

21.4 Measure Current 393

21.5 Measure Continuity 394

21.6 Measure Resistance, Capacitance, or Inductance 395

21.7 Discharge Capacitors 396

21.8 Measure High Voltages 397

21.9 Use an Oscilloscope 400

21.10 Use a Function Generator 402

21.11 Simulation 403

21.12 Working Safely with High Voltages 406

A Parts and Suppliers 409

B Arduino Pinouts 419

C Raspberry Pi Pinouts 421

D Units and Prefixes 423

Index 425

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