Exponential Sums, Hypergeometric Sheaves, and Monodromy Groups
An examination of some of the remarkable connections between group theory and arithmetic algebraic geometry over finite fields

Exponential sums have been of great interest ever since Gauss, and their importance in analytic number theory goes back a century to Kloosterman. Grothendieck’s creation of the machinery of l-adic cohomology led to the understanding that families of exponential sums give rise to local systems, while Deligne, who gave his general equidistribution theorem after proving the Riemann hypothesis part of the Weil conjectures, established the importance of the monodromy groups of these local systems. Deligne’s theorem shows that the monodromy group of the local system incarnating a given family of exponential sums determines key statistical properties of the family of exponential sums in question. Despite the apparent simplicity of this relation of monodromy groups to statistical properties, the actual determination of the monodromy group in any particular situation is highly nontrivial and leads to many interesting questions.

This book is devoted to the determination of the monodromy groups attached to various explicit families of exponential sums, especially those attached to hypergeometric sheaves, arguably the simplest local systems on G_m, and to some simple (in the sense of simple to write down) one-parameter families of one-variable sums. These last families turn out to have surprising connections to hypergeometric sheaves. One of the main technical advances of this book is to bring to bear a group-theoretic condition (S+), which, when it applies, implies very strong structural constraints on the monodromy group, and to show that (S+) does indeed apply to the monodromy groups of most hypergeometric sheaves.

1146066979
Exponential Sums, Hypergeometric Sheaves, and Monodromy Groups
An examination of some of the remarkable connections between group theory and arithmetic algebraic geometry over finite fields

Exponential sums have been of great interest ever since Gauss, and their importance in analytic number theory goes back a century to Kloosterman. Grothendieck’s creation of the machinery of l-adic cohomology led to the understanding that families of exponential sums give rise to local systems, while Deligne, who gave his general equidistribution theorem after proving the Riemann hypothesis part of the Weil conjectures, established the importance of the monodromy groups of these local systems. Deligne’s theorem shows that the monodromy group of the local system incarnating a given family of exponential sums determines key statistical properties of the family of exponential sums in question. Despite the apparent simplicity of this relation of monodromy groups to statistical properties, the actual determination of the monodromy group in any particular situation is highly nontrivial and leads to many interesting questions.

This book is devoted to the determination of the monodromy groups attached to various explicit families of exponential sums, especially those attached to hypergeometric sheaves, arguably the simplest local systems on G_m, and to some simple (in the sense of simple to write down) one-parameter families of one-variable sums. These last families turn out to have surprising connections to hypergeometric sheaves. One of the main technical advances of this book is to bring to bear a group-theoretic condition (S+), which, when it applies, implies very strong structural constraints on the monodromy group, and to show that (S+) does indeed apply to the monodromy groups of most hypergeometric sheaves.

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Exponential Sums, Hypergeometric Sheaves, and Monodromy Groups

Exponential Sums, Hypergeometric Sheaves, and Monodromy Groups

Exponential Sums, Hypergeometric Sheaves, and Monodromy Groups

Exponential Sums, Hypergeometric Sheaves, and Monodromy Groups

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Overview

An examination of some of the remarkable connections between group theory and arithmetic algebraic geometry over finite fields

Exponential sums have been of great interest ever since Gauss, and their importance in analytic number theory goes back a century to Kloosterman. Grothendieck’s creation of the machinery of l-adic cohomology led to the understanding that families of exponential sums give rise to local systems, while Deligne, who gave his general equidistribution theorem after proving the Riemann hypothesis part of the Weil conjectures, established the importance of the monodromy groups of these local systems. Deligne’s theorem shows that the monodromy group of the local system incarnating a given family of exponential sums determines key statistical properties of the family of exponential sums in question. Despite the apparent simplicity of this relation of monodromy groups to statistical properties, the actual determination of the monodromy group in any particular situation is highly nontrivial and leads to many interesting questions.

This book is devoted to the determination of the monodromy groups attached to various explicit families of exponential sums, especially those attached to hypergeometric sheaves, arguably the simplest local systems on G_m, and to some simple (in the sense of simple to write down) one-parameter families of one-variable sums. These last families turn out to have surprising connections to hypergeometric sheaves. One of the main technical advances of this book is to bring to bear a group-theoretic condition (S+), which, when it applies, implies very strong structural constraints on the monodromy group, and to show that (S+) does indeed apply to the monodromy groups of most hypergeometric sheaves.


Product Details

ISBN-13: 9780691272252
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Publication date: 06/24/2025
Series: Annals of Mathematics Studies , #220
Pages: 594
Product dimensions: 6.12(w) x 9.25(h) x (d)

About the Author

Nicholas M. Katz is professor of mathematics at Princeton University. His books include Convolution and Equidistribution: Sato-Tate Theorems for Finite-Field Mellin Transforms (Princeton). Pham Huu Tiep is the Joshua Barlaz Professor and Distinguished Professor of Mathematics at Rutgers University.
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