Table of Contents
Foreword 11
Introduction 14
Chapter 1 Extremism Around the World
1 In Tunisia and Egypt, Islamist Groups Are Becoming Less Extreme Noman Benotman Hayden Pirkle 20
2 In the Sahel and Horn of Africa, Islamic Militancy Is Increasing Terje Øtebø 28
3 In Indonesia, Radicalization in Schools and Prisons Breeds Terrorists Michael Bachelard 40
4 In the Western World, Racist Skinheads Are a Growing Danger 51
5 In Germany, Right-Wing Extremism Is on the Rise Spiegel Online 64
6 The Paranoid-and Growing-Militia Threat Marilyn Mayo 70
Periodical and Internet Sources Bibliography 74
Chapter 2 The Causes of Extremism
1 In Africa, State Weakness Leads to a Rise in Extremist Groups Zachary Devlin-Foltz 76
2 Muslim Blowback? Muslims in the United States Are Relatively Well Integrated into Society. So, Why the Recent Spate of Attacks Carried Out by US Muslims? M. Junaid Levesque-Alam 87
3 In Norway, Islamophobia Is Causing Right-Wing Extremism Aslak Sira Myhre 96
4 Foreign Military Intervention in Afghanistan and Pakistan Is Fueling Extremism Sikander Shah 102
5 Muslim Radicalization Stems from a Lack of Mainstream Islamic Education Azeem Ibrahim 108
Periodical and Internet Sources Bibliography 114
Chapter 3 Extremism and Religion
1 In the United States, Muslims Are Unfairly Suspected of Extremism Matthew Harwood 116
2 Islamic Extremism in Muslim Countries Persecutes Christians Spiegel Online 128
3 In Israel, Religious Extremism Threatens the Jewish State Isi Leibler 140
4 Worldwide, Respect for Religious Faith Can Ward Off Extremism Tony Blair 146
Periodical and Internet Sources Bibliography 152
Chapter 4 Dealing with Extremism
1 In the United States, Extremism Must Be Countered at the Community Level 154
2 In Europe, Promising Strategies Exist for Countering Violent Extremism Ralph D. Heinz Oliver Bühring 165
3 In the United Kingdom, Counterterrorism Measures Violate Civil Liberties Imran Awan 177
4 In the Middle East, a Good Democratic Framework Can Eliminate Extremists Moataz A. Fattah 183
5 In Indonesia, Government Programs Have De-Radicalized Islamic Groups Joshua Kurlantzick 191
6 Doubts Are Growing About the Effectiveness of De-Radicalization Programs Jason Burke 199
Periodical and Internet Sources Bibliography 211
For Further Discussion 212
Organizations to Contact 214
Bibliography of Books 220
Index 224