Fast Track: Chemistry: Essential Review for AP, Honors, and Other Advanced Study

by The Princeton Review

Overview

GET UP TO SPEED WITH FAST TRACK: CHEMISTRY! Covering the most important material taught in high school chem class, this essential review book breaks need-to-know content into accessible, easily understood lessons.

Inside this book, you'll find:
• Clear, concise summaries of the most important concepts, terms, and functions in chemistry
• Diagrams, charts, and graphs for quick visual reference
• Easy-to-follow content organization and illustrations

With its friendly, straightforward approach and a clean, modern design crafted to appeal to visual learners, this guidebook is perfect for catching up in class or getting ahead on exam review.

Topics covered in Fast Track: Chemistry include:
• Atomic structure
• Covalent bonding
• Intermolecular forces
• Stoichiometry
• Precipitation reactions
• Gas laws
• Thermochemistry
• Equilibrium and the solubility product constant
• Redox reactions
• Electrochemistry
• Acids and bases
• Kinetics
... and more!

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780525570257
Publisher:	Random House Children's Books
Publication date:	03/23/2021
Series:	High School Subject Review: General
Sold by:	Random House
Format:	eBook
Pages:	304
File size:	45 MB
Note:	This product may take a few minutes to download.

About the Author

The experts at The Princeton Review have been helping students, parents, and educators achieve the best results at every stage of the education process since 1981. The Princeton Review has helped millions succeed on standardized tests and provides expert advice and instruction to help parents, teachers, students, and schools navigate the complexities of school admission. In addition to classroom courses in over 40 states and 20 countries, The Princeton Review also offers online and school-based courses, one-to-one and small-group tutoring, as well as online services in both admission counseling and academic homework help.

Table of Contents

Where to Get More [Free] Content ix

Introduction x

Chapter 1 Atomic Structure 1

1 Periodic Table

i Atomic Identity

2 Electron Configurations

i Principal Energy Levels

ii Orbitais and Subsheils

3 Ion Formation

4 Coulomb's Law

i Electron Potential Energy

ii Photoelectron Spectroscopy Concepts

iii Interpreting PES

iv Studying Atoms

5 Periodic Trends

i Atomic Radius

ii Ionization Energy

iii Electronegativity

6 Bonding

i Ionic

ii Covalent

iii Network Covalent Bonds

iv Metallic

Chapter 2 Convalent Bonding and Intermolecular Forces

1 Sharing is Caring

2 Lewis Structures

i Bond Order & Type

ii Resonance Structures Involve the Shifting of Electrons

iii Isomers Involve the Rearrangement of Atoms

3 Advanced Lewis Structures

i Formal Charge

ii Violations of the Octet Rule

4 Molecular Geometry

i Steps for using VSEPR to Determine Molecular Shape

ii Polarity

iii Symmetry Predicts Polarity

iv Steps for Determining Polarity

v Hybridization

5 Intermolecular Forces [IMFs]

i Particulate Representations of IMFs

ii Four Main Types of IMFs

6 Effects of IMFs on Physical Properties

i Vapor Pressure

ii Melting & Boiling Point

iii Surface Tension

iv Solubility

v Graphic Solubility of Compounds Is Determined by "Like" Polarity

vi Crystalline vs. Amorphous Solids

7 Biological System Properties

i Enzyme Catalysis

ii Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic

8 Solutions

i Molar Concentration: Molarity, M

ii Chromatography

iii Distillation: Separation by Boiling Point

Chapter 3 Stoichiometry, Precipitations, Reactions, and Gas Law 61

1 Changing Matter

i Chemical vs. Physical Changes

ii Basic Reaction Types

2 Basic Stoichiometry

t Balancing Chemical Equations

ii Law of Conservation of Mass

iii The Mole Concept

iv Solving Stoichiometry Problems

v Particle Conversion Using Avogadro's Number

3 Empirical and Molecular Formulas

i Percent Composition by Mass

ii Determining the Empirical Formula from Combustion Analysis

4 Solutions

i Dissolution Diagrams (aka Particulate Diagrams)

ii Conductivity of Ionic Solutions

5 Precipitation Reactions

i Types of Equations

ii Particulate Diagrams of Precipitation Reactions

iii Gravimetric Analysis

6 Kinetic Molecular Theory

i Definition of STP Conditions

ii Deviations from the Ideal

7 Gas Law

iii Maxwell-Boltzmann Diagrams

iv Effusion Gas Laws

i Unit Conversions

ii Combined Gas Law

iii Ideal Gas Law

iv Partial Pressures

8 Gas Stoichiometry

i Stoichiometric Calculations Gases at STP: A Shortcut!

ii ICE Charts

iii Density and Molar Mass

Chapter 4 Thermochemistry 99

1 Thermal Energy

i Temperature and Heat

ii Specific Heat

iii Work It [Let Me Work It]

2 Enthalpy

3 Calculating H⁰_rnx

i Calorimetry

ii Enthalpies of Formation

iii Bond Enthalpies

iv Hess's Law

4 Heating & Cooling Curves

5 Entropy

i Absolute Entropy

6 Reaction Favorability

i Gibbs Free Energy

ii Temperature Effects

iii Overcoming Unfavorable δG Values

Chapter 5 Equilibrium and the Solubility Product Constant

1 Equilibrium Concepts

2 The Equilibrium Constant

i K_c vs. K_p

ii K_ep and Reaction Favorability

iii Manipulating K_eq

3 Equilibrium Stressors

i Le Châtelier's Principle

ii Experimentally Measurable Shifts

iii The Reaction Quotient

iv ICE charts

v K_sp vs. Molar Solubility

vi Ion vs. Mass Solid During Evaporation

vii Solving K_sp Problems

viii Common Ion Effect

ix Q and K_sp

Chapter 6 Redox Reactions and Electrchemistry 141

1 Oxidation States

2 Redox Reactions

i Half-Reactions

ii Common Redox Reactions

3 Redox Titrations

4 Electrochemistry

i Units

ii Voltaic Cells

iii Cell Potential

iv Non-Standard Conditions

5 Electrochemistry Flow Chart

6 Electrolytic Cells

i Hydrolysis

ii Electroplating

Chapter 7 Acids and Bases 163

1 Definitions

i Arrhenius

2 Strength

i Strong Acids/Bases

ii Weak Acids

iii Polyprotic Acids

iv Percent Dissociation

v Binary Acids and Oxoacids

3 Acid/Base Reactions

i Salt Hydrolysis

ii Concentration Effects

iii pH Change

4 Buffers

i Henderson-Hasselbalch

5 Titrations

i Indicators

ii Weak Acid/Strong Base Titrations

iii Weak Base/Strong Acid Titrations

iv Polyprotic Titrations

Chapter 8 Kinetics 185

1 Factors Affecting Rate

i Rate of Collisions

ii Collision Orientation

iii Activation Energy

iv Rate of Disappearance/Appearance

2 Rate Laws

i Reaction Orders

3 First Order = Constant Half-Life

4 Experimental Design

i Beer's Law (You Don't Have to Be 21 Though)

5 Reaction Mechanisms

i Determining Rate Laws

ii Catalysts and Intermediates