Future R&D Environments: A Report for the National Institute of Standards and Technology

by National Research Council, Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences, Committee on Future Environments for the National Institute of Standards and Technology

Overview

In September 2000, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) asked the National Research Council to assemble a committee to study the trends and forces in science and technology (S&T), industrial management, the economy, and society that are likely to affect research and development as well as the introduction of technological innovations over the next 5 to 10 years. NIST believed that such a study would provide useful supporting information as it planned future programs to achieve its goals of strengthening the U.S. economy and improving the quality of life for U.S. citizens by working with industry to develop and apply technology, measurements, and standards.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780309083362
Publisher:	National Academies Press
Publication date:	04/01/2002
Pages:	232
Product dimensions:	6.00(w) x 9.00(h) x (d)

Table of Contents

	Executive Summary	1
1	Introduction	7
2	Push Factors	9
	Biological Science and Engineering	10
	Molecular and Cell Biology	10
	Synthetic-Biologic Interactions	15
	Medical Devices and Instrumentation	17
	E-Medicine and Health Care Autonomy	19
	Genetically Modified Organisms	20
	Materials Science and Technology	21
	Nanotechnology	21
	Microelectromechanical Systems	24
	Fuel Cells	25
	Materials for Electromechanical Applications	26
	Computer and Information Science and Technology	27
	Fundamental Drivers	27
	System Issues	28
	Ergonomic Issues	28
	New Drivers	30
	Information Technology and Medicine	31
3	Contextual Factors	33
	Evolution of the U.S. Innovation System	33
	Organization of Research	36
	People	41
	Patterns of Investment	43
	Public Policy Issues	45
4	Pull Factors	49
	International Challenges	50
	Antiterrorism	50
	Globalization	51
	Biological Science and Engineering	52
	Computer and Information Science and Technology	54
	Environmental Issues	57
	International Security and the Global Economy	59
5	Conclusions	63
	Appendixes
A	Biographical Sketches of Committee Members	71
B	Workshop Agenda	75
C	Workshop Participants	77
D	Workshop Summary	80
E	Recent Reports on Future Trends in Science and Technology	100
F	Trends in the Economy and Industrial Strength	129
G	Innovation's Quickenng Pace: Summary and Extrapolation of Frontiers of Science/ Frontiers of Engineering Papers and Presentations	143
H	Trends in Science and Technology	167
I	Trends in Industrial R&D Management and Organization	199