Heaven and Earth: Global Warming, the Missing Science

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Overview

Climate, Sea Level, And Ice Sheets Have Always Changed, and the changes observed today are less than those of the past. Climate changes are cyclical and are driven by Earth's position in the galaxy, the Sun, wobbles in Earth's orbit, ocean currents, and plate tectonics. In previous times, atmospheric carbon dioxide was far higher than at present but did not drive climate change. No runaway greenhouse effect or acid oceans occurred during times of excessively high carbon dioxide. During past glaciations, carbon dioxide was higher than it is today. The non-scientific popular political view is that humans change climate. Do we have reason for concern about ...

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Overview

Climate, Sea Level, And Ice Sheets Have Always Changed, and the changes observed today are less than those of the past. Climate changes are cyclical and are driven by Earth's position in the galaxy, the Sun, wobbles in Earth's orbit, ocean currents, and plate tectonics. In previous times, atmospheric carbon dioxide was far higher than at present but did not drive climate change. No runaway greenhouse effect or acid oceans occurred during times of excessively high carbon dioxide. During past glaciations, carbon dioxide was higher than it is today. The non-scientific popular political view is that humans change climate. Do we have reason for concern about possible human-induced climate change?

This book's 504 pages and over 2,300 references to peer-reviewed scientific literature and other authoritative sources engagingly synthesize what we know about the Sun, Earth, ice, water, and air. Importantly, in a parallel to his 1994 book challenging "creation science," Telling Lies for God, Ian Plimer describes Al Gore's book and movie An Inconvenient Truth as long on scientific "misrepresentations." "Trying to deal with these misrepresentations is somewhat like trying to argue with creationists," he writes, "who misquote, concoct evidence, quote out of context, ignore contrary evidence, and create evidence ex nihilo."

What People Are Saying

This is a very powerful, clear, understandable and extremely useful book . . . [Plimer] convincingly criticizes the UN, the IPCC, U.K. and U.S. politicians, as well as Hollywood show business celebrities. He strictly distinguishes science from environmental activism, politics, and opportunism.
—Vaclav Klaus, President, The European Union

Product Details

  • ISBN-13: 9781589794726
  • Publisher: Taylor Trade Publishing
  • Publication date: 7/28/2009
  • Pages: 504
  • Sales rank: 136,889
  • Product dimensions: 5.90 (w) x 8.90 (h) x 1.30 (d)

Meet the Author

Ian Plimer, twice winner of Australia’s highest scientific honor, the Eureka Prize, is professor in the School of Earth and Environmental Sciences at The University of Adelaide and is author of six other books written for the general public in addition to more than 120 scientific papers.

Ian Plimer, twice winner of Australia’s highest scientific honor, the Eureka Prize, is professor in the School of Earth and Environmental Sciences at The University of Adelaide and is author of six other books written for the general public in addition to more than 120 scientific papers.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction 9

Climate 10

Carbon dioxide and pollution 12

The science of climate 14

Why the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)? 17

Climate change 23

A retreat to the good old days 27

Acknowledgements 28

Chapter 2 History 30

Are the speed and amount of modern climate change unprecedented?

Is dangerous warming occurring?

Is the temperature range observed in the 20th Century outside the range of normal variability?

Our changing climates 32

The last great warming 35

The last big freeze 37

The end of the freeze 40

The Roman Warming (250 BC-450 AD) 59

The Dark Ages (535-900 AD) 61

The Medieval Warming (900-1300 AD) 63

The Little Ice Age (1280-1850 AD) 72

The Late 20th Century Warming (1850 AD to the present) 86

The long tale of the lone pine 87

Chapter 3 The Sun 100

Does the Sun influence the Earth's climate?

The bringer of life, heat and cold 101

Dirt in the air 102

Snowballs and spiral arms 105

Galactic time travel 106

Galactic bullets 109

The engine of weather 112

That big ball of heat in the sky 115

Angry solar emissions 116

Inner turbulence of the Sun 119

Shock, horror. The solar constant is not constant 121

Blemishes on her beauty 125

Water, carbon dioxide, temperature and the Sun 130

Ancient signals of solar activity 133

The Sun and climate 144

Chapter 4 Earth 148

Do volcanoes change climate?

Do wobbles in the Earth's orbit change climate?

Have past climate changes driven extinctions?

Life on Earth 149

Single celled life 149

What are the chances of multicellular life on Earth? 160

The biggest climate change of all time 165

The first multicellular life 170

The explosion oflife 171

Extinction 175

Minor and major mass extinctions of life 175

Recent macrofauna extinction 188

Modern climate change and extinction 191

Global warming and infectious diseases 199

Desertification 203

One volcano can ruin your whole day 207

Supervolcanoes 211

Volcanic gases 216

Ice, volcanoes and earthquakes 225

Milankovitch wobble theory wobbles 229

Chapter 5 Ice 236

Is global warming melting the polar ice caps and alpine valley glaciers?

Ice 237

Ice ages 239

Ice advance and retreat 243

The Arctic 257

The Antarctic 267

Alpine valley glaciers 281

Sea ice 287

Chapter 6 Water 292

Do human emissions of carbon dioxide create a rise in the sea level?

Will the seas become acid?

Does sea level rise kill coral atolls?

Are humans forcing changes in ocean currents?

Weird water 294

The great flood 296

Sea level 298

Coral atolls 318

Dissolved carbon dioxide in seawater 323

Acid oceans 331

Sea surface temperature 339

El Nino 350

Water cycle 360

The rock that made a fool out of humans 362

Chapter 7 Air 364

Do thermometer measurements show the planet is warming?

Do other temperature measurements show the planet is warming?

Is atmospheric carbon dioxide increasing?

Is atmospheric carbon dioxide approaching a dangerous level?

Do higher sea temperatures cause more hurricanes?

Do clouds influence climate?

The greenhouse effect 365

The measurement of temperature 376

Measurement and order of accuracy 376

Treatment of data 382

Urban heat island effect 384

Temperature proxies 393

Hurricanes 405

Carbon dioxide 411

The global carbon cycle 411

Measurement of CO2 416

Methane and other greenhouse gases 428

Clouds 432

Chapter 8 Et moi 435

Ubi dubium ibi libertas 435

The vernalisation of science 441

Tip of the iceberg 446

Scientific consensus 449

The end is nigh 456

Religion, environmentalism and romanticism 462

The Kyoto Protocol 471

Oh dear, oh dear, oh dear 472

What if I'm wrong? 489

Index 494

Customer Reviews
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  • Anonymous

    Posted October 10, 2009

    Best Book on Global Warming

    The chapters are long, but comprehensive. There are over 3000 footnotes, and this sometimes make the reading slow, but edifying. Skewers the hysteria of the climate control crowd.

    4 out of 4 people found this review helpful.

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  • Posted August 12, 2009

    The Lack of Effect of CO2 on Global Warming or Climate Control - Finally Some Genuine Science

    In a well organized discussion of global warming and the lack of relationship to CO2, Ian Plimer shows how the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Control reached incorrect results driven by an agenda that ignored all contrary science, based itself on flawed information, and let politics drive its results. His analysis is very complete. He points out, among other things, that major factors affecting climate do not include CO2. Global climate is affected mainly by sun, cosmic radiation, techtonic movement, volcanic eruptions, earth wobble, and other factors, none of which were considered by the IPCC. Current measurement shows that the climate has been cooling since 1998, not warming. Previous historic interglacial warming periods that long predate modern industrial CO2 contributions, showed much higher CO2 concentrations without harm to the environment. In fact, these warming periods were some of the more productive periods for past civilization, as for example during the medieval warming period. Glacial movements and temperature changes are shown as cyclical with Antarctic ice growing as Arctic ice shrinks,and vice versa, with a clear difference between changes resulting locally and those affected globally. Plimer's credentials are impeccable. Described as Australia's best-known geologist, Professor of the School of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Adelaide, Emeritus Professor of Earth Sciences at the University of Melbourne, he has twice won the prestigious Australian Eureka award for Science. In this book, he deals with the history of global warming, and the effect of the sun, earth movement including volcanoes and techtonic movements, ice, water, and air on climate. He points out that the IPCC report was based on a flawed and incomplete computer model. His analysis is based on many studies, using many different methods of measurement, many different resources, all thoroughly footnoted. He even points out the flaws and difficulties of measuring such things as global temperature (satellites and balloons are more accurate than ground-based thermometers now based in cities and subject to urban bias), and ocean depths (such measurements don't take into account rise and fall of ocean floor as a consequence of techtonic movements and subsea volcanoes). Man's industrial CO2 production is extremely small as compared to nature's production and cycles of CO2, and the world has in fact thrived in the past during much higher concentrations of CO2 than today. For one who wants a background in the geology, meteorology, and natural patterns affecting climate, and global warming, this book is outstanding.

    3 out of 4 people found this review helpful.

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  • Posted September 23, 2009

    Superb Presentation

    A real eye-opener. I learned many things about which I had no idea. The history section set the stage for the rest. It is so difficult to get accurate information that has not been compromised by politics. Government sources are in complete lockstep with the political agenda of the time which has basically destroyed the credibility of scientists who must toe the line or risk losing their careers. This book should be read by as many people as possible before we are condemned to economic ruin by a government that seems to no longer have our best interest at heart.
    The detail of repeated warming and cooling throughout history is never addressed by those who say the "science is settled". You will never look at climate change the same again.

    2 out of 2 people found this review helpful.

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  • Anonymous

    Posted September 2, 2009

    Well documented refutation of man made CO2 as a significant climate driver

    This book can be a dry read, but it thoroughly and scientifically devastates the arguments of those with the man made climate change agenda. I found it to contain an interesting account of Earth's history. People who reject the arguments of this book have to resort to name calling because they don't have facts to support their case.

    2 out of 2 people found this review helpful.

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  • Posted October 19, 2009

    I Also Recommend:

    Well-researched study of global warming

    Ian Plimer, Professor of Mining Geology at the University of Adelaide, has a lifetime of academic experience. Using the unfashionable, rigorous sciences of geology, astronomy and solar physics, he has written a superbly well-researched study of global warming, with 2,311 references to the scholarly literature.

    He shows how forces other than human production of CO2 drive climate change, like the sun, the earth's orbit and geological processes such as plate tectonics. 186 billion tonnes of CO2 enter the atmosphere every year: just 3.3% comes from human activities, 57% is given off by the oceans and 38% is exhaled by animals (including us). Since natural processes, not manmade CO2 emissions, change the climate, we cannot change it by controlling CO2 emissions.

    In previous glaciations - the Ordovician 440 million years ago, the Permo-Carboniferous 260-300 million years ago, and the Jurassic 140 million years ago - atmospheric CO2 was far higher than now. Even as recently as 1935-50, atmospheric CO2 was higher than now.

    The Cretaceous period, 100 million years ago, was 6-14 degrees Celsius warmer than now. The Holocene maximum, 6,000 years ago, was 6 degrees Celsius warmer than now, yet the Greenland ice sheet did not disappear (nor did polar bears) and the Antarctic ice sheet grew. The Roman Warming of 250 BC to 450 AD was 3 degrees Celsius warmer than now, as was the Medieval Warming of 900-1280.

    As Plimer sums up, "If it is acknowledged that there have been rapid climate changes before industrialisation, then the human production of CO2 cannot be the major driver for climate change. . climates far warmer than the Late Twentieth Century Warming existed before industrialisation and human emissions of CO2."

    Yet an editor of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)'s 1996 'Summary for Policy makers' deleted the words: "None of the studies cited above has shown clear evidence that we can attribute the observed changes to the specific cause of increases in greenhouse gases . No study to date has positively attributed all or part (of the climate change observed) to (man-made) causes." He added instead, "the balance of evidence suggests that there is discernible human influence on global climate."

    Plimer shows how the sun is the major driver of climate change. Every hour, the sun delivers to the earth as much energy as humans use in a year.

    He estimates that the sun accounted for 80% of the 20th century warming. Sunspot activity cut cosmic radiation, reducing cloud and warming the earth. Since 2000 there has been less sunspot activity, which increases cosmic radiation, creating more cloud and cooling the earth.

    A study of 246 glaciers from 1946 to 1995 found no sign of a global trend towards more melting. Greenland and the Arctic were warmer in the 1930s than they are now. Arctic sea ice has increased since 2008.

    Total sea ice increased by 8% between 1978 and 2005. Plimer concludes that ice melt could cause, at most, a 5-10 centimetres sea-level rise by 2100.

    Plimer dissects the Greens and their pin-up boy Al Gore. The Green programme is black-outs, because it would cut the base load energy supplies of electricity that sustain our economy, jobs and living standards.

    Plimer reminds us that Gore was a director of the now-bankrupt Lehman Brothers, who saw carbon emissions trading as their private scam. Plimer writes, "Emissions trading will enrich a few and make most people poorer."

    1 out of 1 people found this review helpful.

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  • Anonymous

    Posted November 17, 2011

    This is the Bible of Climate Change Science

    I have not read a better or more comprehensive and well-researched book than Ian Plimer's "Heaven and Earth". If you want to know about rising sea levels or the health of coral reefs, then this is where you'll find accurate information. If you want to know about past levels of temperature or atmospheric carbon dioxide, then you will find it here. If you want to know about the Sun's activity, the influence of galactic dust or cosmic rays, then look no further than this book. With over forty years of research and experience behind him, and a refusal to be corrupted by the political propaganda that unfortunately surrounds this subject, Ian Plimer has set out the scientific facts for all to see. A brilliant book by a great scientist.

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  • Posted July 15, 2011

    A non-sense, no science-based piece of garbage.

    This book uses many graphs which are taken directly from people known to have been swindlers and liars. The temperature graph involving the 20th century economic "boom," as he calls it, is taken directly from a man who later changed his statement, re-wrote the graph, and said all his previous work was entirely inaccurate. There is no mention of this correction in Plimer's nearly 600 page book. There is also no written section dedicated at all to true science of the sun's radiation and its effects on the stratosphere. His conclusion that there is less CO2 in the atmosphere now than there was at ANY time in the past is outrageous, and is based on yet another falsified study, to which there is no corrected reference in this book. Bottom line, this read is a waste of time. SPECULATION: It was probably sponsored into publication by those who would rather you not know the truth about CO2 production.

    There, I clearly announce what I feel can not be verified. Plimer does not, Ever.

    0 out of 2 people found this review helpful.

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  • Posted November 20, 2009

    more from this reviewer

    Comprehensive and Excellently Researched.

    Very much appreciated the scientific view point of subject matter. A little dry and so comprehensive it reads like a text book at times. Appreciated the subject was researched based on available information without predetermined beginning and end points. Additionally, it was clear, conclusions were based on the results of research ... all the research ... and not selectively chosen research to support a point of view. When no conclusion could be drawn from research/information presented, Pilmer did not force one.

    Once read, (and you will have to force yourself to push through some of the information presented) I learned why climate change is not a linear issue as well as what variables are involved in climate change that seem conveniently omitted by those promoting a point of view vs science.

    I am definitely more informed and smarter after reading "Heaven and Earth" as will most who read the book with an open mind. If you are looking for a book to put forth an opinion or particular point of view based on minimal science or selectively chosen facts you will not appreciate Pilmer's scope of work. (Try an "Inconvenient Truth")

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    Posted September 28, 2009

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