How to Change a Memory: One Neuroscientist's Quest to Alter the Past

A disarmingly personal account of the new science of memory manipulation by one of today’s leading pioneers in the field

As a graduate student at MIT, Steve Ramirez successfully created false memories in the lab. Now, as a neuroscientist working at the frontiers of brain science, he foresees a future where we can replace our negative memories with positive ones. In How to Change a Memory, Ramirez draws on his own memories—of friendship, family, loss, and recovery—to reveal how memory can be turned on and off like a switch, edited, and even constructed from nothing.

A future in which we can change our memories of the past may seem improbable, but in fact, the everyday act of remembering is one of transformation. Intentionally editing memory to improve our lives takes advantage of the brain’s natural capacity for change.

In How to Change a Memory, Ramirez explores how scientists discovered that memories are fluid—they change over time, can be erased, reactivated, and even falsely implanted in the lab. Reflecting on his own path as a scientist, he examines how memory manipulation shapes our imagination and sense of self. If we can erase a deeply traumatic memory, would it change who we are? And what would that change mean anyway? Throughout, Ramirez carefully considers the ethics of artificially controlling memory, exploring how we might use this tool responsibly—for both personal healing and the greater good.

A masterful blend of memoir and cutting-edge science, How to Change a Memory explores how neuroscience has reached a critical juncture, where scientists can see the potential of memory manipulation to help people suffering from the debilitating effects of PTSD, anxiety, Alzheimer’s, addiction, and a host of other neurological and behavioral disorders.

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How to Change a Memory: One Neuroscientist's Quest to Alter the Past

A disarmingly personal account of the new science of memory manipulation by one of today’s leading pioneers in the field

As a graduate student at MIT, Steve Ramirez successfully created false memories in the lab. Now, as a neuroscientist working at the frontiers of brain science, he foresees a future where we can replace our negative memories with positive ones. In How to Change a Memory, Ramirez draws on his own memories—of friendship, family, loss, and recovery—to reveal how memory can be turned on and off like a switch, edited, and even constructed from nothing.

A future in which we can change our memories of the past may seem improbable, but in fact, the everyday act of remembering is one of transformation. Intentionally editing memory to improve our lives takes advantage of the brain’s natural capacity for change.

In How to Change a Memory, Ramirez explores how scientists discovered that memories are fluid—they change over time, can be erased, reactivated, and even falsely implanted in the lab. Reflecting on his own path as a scientist, he examines how memory manipulation shapes our imagination and sense of self. If we can erase a deeply traumatic memory, would it change who we are? And what would that change mean anyway? Throughout, Ramirez carefully considers the ethics of artificially controlling memory, exploring how we might use this tool responsibly—for both personal healing and the greater good.

A masterful blend of memoir and cutting-edge science, How to Change a Memory explores how neuroscience has reached a critical juncture, where scientists can see the potential of memory manipulation to help people suffering from the debilitating effects of PTSD, anxiety, Alzheimer’s, addiction, and a host of other neurological and behavioral disorders.

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How to Change a Memory: One Neuroscientist's Quest to Alter the Past

How to Change a Memory: One Neuroscientist's Quest to Alter the Past

by Steve Ramirez
How to Change a Memory: One Neuroscientist's Quest to Alter the Past

How to Change a Memory: One Neuroscientist's Quest to Alter the Past

by Steve Ramirez

eBook

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Overview

A disarmingly personal account of the new science of memory manipulation by one of today’s leading pioneers in the field

As a graduate student at MIT, Steve Ramirez successfully created false memories in the lab. Now, as a neuroscientist working at the frontiers of brain science, he foresees a future where we can replace our negative memories with positive ones. In How to Change a Memory, Ramirez draws on his own memories—of friendship, family, loss, and recovery—to reveal how memory can be turned on and off like a switch, edited, and even constructed from nothing.

A future in which we can change our memories of the past may seem improbable, but in fact, the everyday act of remembering is one of transformation. Intentionally editing memory to improve our lives takes advantage of the brain’s natural capacity for change.

In How to Change a Memory, Ramirez explores how scientists discovered that memories are fluid—they change over time, can be erased, reactivated, and even falsely implanted in the lab. Reflecting on his own path as a scientist, he examines how memory manipulation shapes our imagination and sense of self. If we can erase a deeply traumatic memory, would it change who we are? And what would that change mean anyway? Throughout, Ramirez carefully considers the ethics of artificially controlling memory, exploring how we might use this tool responsibly—for both personal healing and the greater good.

A masterful blend of memoir and cutting-edge science, How to Change a Memory explores how neuroscience has reached a critical juncture, where scientists can see the potential of memory manipulation to help people suffering from the debilitating effects of PTSD, anxiety, Alzheimer’s, addiction, and a host of other neurological and behavioral disorders.


Product Details

ISBN-13: 9780691274294
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Publication date: 11/04/2025
Sold by: Barnes & Noble
Format: eBook
Pages: 256

About the Author

Steve Ramirez has been featured on CNN, NPR, and the BBC and in leading publications such as The New York Times, National Geographic, Wired, Forbes, The Guardian, The Economist, and Nature. An award-winning neuroscientist who has given TED talks on his groundbreaking work on memory manipulation, he is associate professor of psychological and brain sciences at Boston University.

What People are Saying About This

From the Publisher

“Steve Ramirez deftly blends storytelling and science in this deeply personal book. Ramirez has done game-changing work to reveal the mechanisms of memory. How to Change a Memory puts these discoveries in a broader context, telling the story of memory in a manner that is both engaging and accessible.”—Charan Ranganath, author of Why We Remember: Revealing the Hidden Power of Memory

How to Change a Memory is a magnificent gem. Steve Ramirez treats us to an engaging account of his groundbreaking research on manipulating memories. He shows us how our memories are controllable, and that by modifying memories, we can heal the mind and promote health. We can change life as we know it. Rarely will you find a scientific memoir that leads you to say, ‘I couldn’t put it down.’ This is one.”—Elizabeth F. Loftus, author of Eyewitness Testimony

“Combining his own compelling personal story with first-hand accounts of the pathbreaking science that he helped to create, Steve Ramirez explains startling discoveries about memory in an engaging and fascinating way. How to Change a Memory is a must-read for anyone interested in how the brain constructs the past.”—Daniel L. Schacter, author of The Seven Sins of Memory: How the Mind Forgets and Remembers

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