How to Read Literature Like a Professor: A Lively and Entertaining Guide to Reading Between the Lines

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Overview

What does it mean when a fictional hero takes a journey?. Shares a meal? Gets drenched in a sudden rain shower? Often, there is much more going on in a novel or poem than is readily visible on the surface—a symbol, maybe, that remains elusive, or an unexpected twist on a character—and there's that sneaking suspicion that the deeper meaning of a literary text keeps escaping you.

In this practical and amusing guide to literature, Thomas C. Foster shows how easy and gratifying it is to unlock those hidden truths, and to discover a world where a road leads to a quest; a shared meal may signify a communion; and rain, whether cleansing or destructive, is never just rain. Ranging from major themes to literary models, narrative devices, and form, How to Read Literature Like a Professor is the perfect companion for making your reading experience more enriching, satisfying, and fun.

Editorial Reviews

Library Journal
In this valuable handbook for English literature students and enthusiasts alike, Foster (English, Univ. of Michigan) shares his love of the subject, encouraging readers to explore multiple meanings when reading literary works rather than be daunted by strict or limiting interpretations. The text is broken down into manageable chapters that focus on literary sources such as the Bible, themes and symbols ranging from vampires to rain, and literary forms (e.g., the sonnet). An amazing breadth of literature is covered, from Greek myths to Shakespeare to modern literature and even contemporary screenplays. Foster's key strength is his ability to tackle such a vast and weighty topic in an informal and conversational manner, making fairly complex literary theories such as intertextuality and Northrop Frye's notion of literary archetypes accessible through clear illustrations. Written in plain English with plenty of humorous anecdotes, this book certainly lives up to its description as "lively and entertaining." A worthy addition to academic and large public libraries.-Rebecca Bollen, North Bergen, NJ Copyright 2003 Reed Business Information.

Product Details

  • ISBN-13: 9780060009427
  • Publisher: HarperCollins Publishers
  • Publication date: 2/18/2003
  • Edition description: 1ST
  • Pages: 336
  • Sales rank: 71
  • Product dimensions: 8.04 (w) x 5.36 (h) x 0.78 (d)

Meet the Author

Tom Foster is Professor of English at the University of Michigan, Flint, where he teaches classes in contemporary fiction, drama and poetry as well as creative writing and composition. He has written several books on twentieth-century British and Irish literature and poetry and lives in East Lansing, Michigan.

Read an Excerpt

How to Read Literature Like a Professor
A Lively and Entertaining Guide to Reading Between the Lines

Chapter One

Every Trip Is a Quest

(Except When It's Not)

Okay, so here's the deal: let's say, purely hypothetically, you're reading a book about an average sixteen-year-old kid in the summer of 1968. The kid—let's call him Kip—who hopes his acne clears up before he gets drafted, is on his way to the A&P. His bike is a one-speed with a coaster brake and therefore deeply humiliating, and riding it to run an errand for his mother makes it even worse. Along the way he has a couple of disturbing experiences, including a minorly unpleasant encounter with a German shepherd, topped off in the supermarket parking lot where he sees the girl of his dreams, Karen, laughing and horsing around in Tony Vauxhall's brand-new Barracuda. Now Kip hates Tony already because he has a name like Vauxhall and not like Smith, which Kip thinks is pretty lame as a name to follow Kip, and because the 'Cuda is bright green and goes approximately the speed of light, and also because Tony has never had to work a day in his life. So Karen, who is laughing and having a great time, turns and sees Kip, who has recently asked her out, and she keeps laughing. (She could stop laughing and it wouldn't matter to us, since we're considering this structurally. In the story we're inventing here, though, she keeps laughing.) Kip goes on into the store to buy the loaf of Wonder Bread that his mother told him to pick up, and as he reaches for the bread, he decides right then and there to lie about his age to the Marine recruiter even though it meansgoing to Vietnam, because nothing will ever happen for him in this one-horse burg where the only thing that matters is how much money your old man has. Either that or Kip has a vision of St. Abillard (any saint will do, but our imaginary author picked a comparatively obscure one), whose face appears on one of the red, yellow, or blue balloons. For our purposes, the nature of the decision doesn't matter any more than whether Karen keeps laughing or which color balloon manifests the saint. What just happened here?

If you were an English professor, and not even a particularly weird English professor, you'd know that you'd just watched a knight have a not very suitable encounter with his nemesis. In other words, a quest just happened.

But it just looked like a trip to the store for some white bread. True. But consider the quest. Of what does it consist? A knight, a dangerous road, a Holy Grail (whatever one of those may be), at least one dragon, one evil knight, one princess. Sound about right? That's a list I can live with: a knight (named Kip), a dangerous road (nasty German shepherds), a Holy Grail (one form of which is a loaf of Wonder Bread), at least one dragon (trust me, a '68 'Cuda could definitely breathe fire), one evil knight (Tony), one princess (who can either keep laughing or stop). Seems like a bit of a stretch.

On the surface, sure. But let's think structurally. The quest consists of five things: (a) a quester, (b) a place to go, (c) a stated reason to go there, (d) challenges and trials en route, and (e) a real reason to go there. Item (a) is easy; a quester is just a person who goes on a quest, whether or not he knows it's a quest. In fact, usually he doesn't know. Items (b) and (c) should be considered together: someone tells our protagonist, our hero, who need not look very heroic, to go somewhere and do something. Go in search of the Holy Grail. Go to the store for bread. Go to Vegas and whack a guy. Tasks of varying nobility, to be sure, but structurally all the same. Go there, do that. Note that I said the stated reason for the quest. That's because of item (e).

The real reason for a quest never involves the stated reason. In fact, more often than not, the quester fails at the stated task. So why do they go and why do we care? They go because of the stated task, mistakenly believing that it is their real mis-sion. We know, however, that their quest is educational. They don't know enough about the only subject that really matters: themselves. The real reason for a quest is always self-knowledge. That's why questers are so often young, inexperienced, immature, sheltered. Forty-five-year-old men either have self-knowledge or they're never going to get it, while your average sixteen-to-seventeen-year-old kid is likely to have a long way to go in the self-knowledge department.

Let's look at a real example. When I teach the late-twentieth-century novel, I always begin with the greatest quest novel of the last century: Thomas Pynchon's Crying of Lot 49 (1965). Beginning readers can find the novel mystifying, irritating, and highly peculiar. True enough, there is a good bit of cartoonish strangeness in the novel, which can mask the basic quest structure. On the other hand, Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (late fourteenth century) and Edmund Spenser's Faerie Queen (1596), two of the great quest narratives from early English literature, also have what modern readers must consider cartoonish elements. It's really only a matter of whether we're talking Classics Illustrated or Zap Comics. So here's the setup in The Crying of Lot 49:

1) Our quester: a young woman, not very happy in her marriage or her life, not too old to learn, not too assertive where men are concerned.

2) A place to go: in order to carry out her duties, she must drive to Southern California from her home near San Francisco. Eventually she will travel back and forth between the two, and between her past (a husband with a disintegrating personality and a fondness for LSD, an insane ex-Nazi psychotherapist) and her future (highly unclear).

How to Read Literature Like a Professor
A Lively and Entertaining Guide to Reading Between the Lines
. Copyright © by Thomas Foster. Reprinted by permission of HarperCollins Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved. Available now wherever books are sold.

Customer Reviews

Average Rating 3.5
( 73 )

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See All Sort by: Showing 1 – 20 of 75 Customer Reviews
  • Anonymous

    Posted October 7, 2008

    I liked it

    I don't read much. A book has to really steal my attention away from my cherished vice TV. This book did that. Sometimes it did lag, but I was so keen on getting to his next witty or engaging comment-usually found at the beginning of chapters-I muscled through it. Now I analysis books-and music, poetry, plays, my day-with the tool box he gave me. Caution though, his knowledge and wisdom are so great you often put the book down feeling small. It's good and I liked it.

    5 out of 5 people found this review helpful.

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  • Posted February 27, 2010

    more from this reviewer

    Great Companion For Those Who Want To Get More From Their Reading

    Thomas C. Foster writes an excellent compliment to any one's library who reads a lot. He describes looking past the words and looking into what the author is really trying to say. You almost feel like you are back in high school, or college when he asks you to read a snippet of something, then asking "what does that mean?"

    If you ever wanted to really understand what it means when an author mentions water, falling in mud, flying, eating with others, etc and other literary symbols, then this is an excellent book to read. Some of the chapters seem to go on and on, but he keeps reaffirming each symbol (which is arranged to be each chapter) to the reader and offering examples found in many literary works. He also lets you know that the symbols in his book are 1) not always what he says they are and 2) the symbols in the book aren't the definite complete list. There are many other symbols, like fire, he doesn't cover; but he wants to give you the basics for reading something, stepping back, and catching what the real meaning to the text is.

    I recommend this to anyone that would like to get more out of their reading experience, and those who have, or run a book club. I enjoyed it.

    4 out of 4 people found this review helpful.

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  • Anonymous

    Posted August 1, 2009

    Good required reading book, bad free-reading book.

    I was assigned this book for school reading and it's great for that purpose. The author informs you on different literary techniques authors use in a comprehensive and interesting way. However, the content may be too dry for casual readers who are not required to read this book.

    4 out of 4 people found this review helpful.

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  • Posted December 12, 2009

    the new rosetta stone of literature

    Seldom in literature is anyone willing to address the intricate nature of the written words meaning. In the case of Thomas Foster's book "How To Read Literature Like A Professor' all barriers have been shattered. If you are a writer or aspire to be one you will profit from the definitive way Mr Foster peels back the layers of storytelling. Like removing the leaves of an artichoke we are brought deeper and closer to the core dipping each leaf in the butter, relishing the new flavor of his knowledge. and all at once we find the heart of the delicacy and he gives us a taste of wisdom far beyond our expectations. All in all this book becomes one of those "awww moments" and leaves us wiser and with a greater understanding of our species cultural intercourse in literature.

    2 out of 3 people found this review helpful.

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  • Posted July 11, 2009

    more from this reviewer

    Flashback to College

    As an English major, I found this book to be a delightful read and flashback to the hours I spent in class dissecting the symbolism in movies and books that were assigned viewing and reading for class.

    2 out of 2 people found this review helpful.

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  • Anonymous

    Posted April 30, 2012

    Surprisingly interesting required reading

    Its not very often that I really feel like I have gained anything significant from required reading but this book was very captivating and informative. I really feel like I learned a lot about reading literature.

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  • Posted October 3, 2011

    Awesome analysm!

    No text was provided for this review.

  • Posted September 24, 2011

    For AP Lang/Lit Students

    Great advice and easy read. Enjoy!!

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  • Posted September 21, 2011

    Where are the othe chapters after 10

    Imn chapter 7 he mentions talking more about something in chapter 14 but there are no more chapterd after 10

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  • Posted August 10, 2011

    So, sure! Defenitely worth your time, though maybe not vice versa

    So i found it very satisfying, though i am a big fan of reading and am able to appreciate analysies. It does require some patience but it is certainly helpful, especially to less well read individuals.

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  • Posted April 4, 2011

    Glad I bought both books

    I enjoyed his "How to Read Novels Like a Professor" and debated getting this one as well for a long time, worried about crossover material and not as much unique information. However, it is well worth having both books, this one goes more into symbolism while the other book covers more of form.

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  • Anonymous

    Posted July 30, 2010

    Useful but extremely pretentious.

    I was assigned to read select chapters of this book for my AP Literature class. The book touches on some basic concepts of reading literature that are essential and very useful. You know you are learning some concepts while reading, but I would not reccomend this book to anyone who is just starting to learn literature (as the title and author would suggest). The author uses examples from books that only the most mature literature student would know of. His summaries are vague and the connections he tries to make with the concepts, such as symbolism, are hard to follow. Foster's style is overly relaxed and informal, while trying to achieve just the opposite result (irony if you will). He goes off on many tangents to explore a very simple topic. In essence, he overcomplicates the learning of the concepts which can be good or bad depending on how interested in the topics you are. Bottom line: I would not recommend this book to someone who has not spent some time in a literature class. The way Foster attempts to explain the concepts is VERY poor, but his introduction of the essential elements of literature is honorable.

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  • Posted May 13, 2010

    more from this reviewer

    Translation from professor-speak to the general public

    I picked this up after a friend of mine was complaining about her teacher using it in her literature class. Although I haven't completely finished it yet, I think it brings up a lot of interesting points about symbolism and interacting with the author as we read a book or poem. We've all had a teacher or two who would ask seemingly ridiculous questions about what the writer 'really' meant. This book helps bring some of the perspective of a professional to the general public. It has definitely made me pay attention more as I read. Also, Mr. Foster offers a list of all the literature he uses as examples as well as more books to read.

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  • Posted August 29, 2009

    Great book for anyone who likes to read or has to for school.

    I read this book between College semesters. I am an older student of 51, returning to school after a job layoff. I enjoy reading and found the title eye-catching. The author makes the work fun to read with his own brand of comedy thrown in. An otherwise boring subject to many, the writer makes the book entertaining. I do feel I will develop the ability to see deeper meanings in literary texts that I read for a class or read for my own enjoyment. I like to read especially classic literature such as Faulkner, Stienbeck, and Cather to name a few. I like to read such books to try to see why the piece of literature has continued to be relavent for years on end up to this very day. This book by Foster helps identify the reason a book has endured when thousands of written pieces have experienced a short life span of public interest. dwp

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  • Anonymous

    Posted August 19, 2009

    Worth every penny...

    A must read for both the "expert" and the novice. You will never look at literature the same way again.

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  • Anonymous

    Posted August 8, 2009

    The Title Says It All

    Mr. Foster covers the basics of interpreting literary texts in an engaging and clear manner. Each chapter leads the reader deeper into how a seasoned reader sees commonly used symbols, events, images, themes, and ideas in literature without getting into literary theory in a technical manner. The information is commonplace to English teachers or literature students but so engagingly expressed and with such a wealth of examples it's worth reading just to get his take on the possible meanings of seasons, colors, vampires, mealtimes, flying, rainbows, births, deaths, and other aspects of the literary universe as well as elucidating how a writer thinks. Occasionally Foster gets bogged down in the details of some illustrative example, but it's easy to skip on to the next enlightening chapter. For this reason, even inexperienced and teen readers could gain from the ideas in this book.

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  • Posted August 5, 2009

    more from this reviewer

    Well worth the read.

    How to Read Literature was fun to read and very informative. A great buy for anyone who wants to become a better reader.

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  • Anonymous

    Posted August 1, 2009

    HOW to read literature like a professor

    i personally did not like this book. the book refers to alot of old classic boooks that a 10th grade wouldnt have read yet alot of the words were extremly are to comprehend

    0 out of 1 people found this review helpful.

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  • Anonymous

    Posted July 22, 2009

    Grateful for this Treasure

    On returning to college post-retirement after a 30-year hiatus, I discovered that literary criticism and study had moved in unfamiliar directions. Prof. Foster provided the guidance I needed to reorient myself. I am amazed that an apparently non-academic book can be so filled with information that is scholarly, practical and insightful, as well as a delight to read again and again. It has helped me to feel comfortable in the classroom and confident about competing successfully with students 1/3 my age.

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  • Anonymous

    Posted February 27, 2009

    very entertaining read...

    This is an excellent book for those who take their fiction seriously. His writing style is very witty and makes what could be a dry subject very entertaining. It is excellent for students. It is a great book for the people who want to get the hang of interpreting literature. The only criticism I have is that sometimes his wittiness is a little over the top.

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