Invisibility by Design: Women and Labor in Japan's Digital Economy

by Gabriella Lukács

Overview

In the wake of labor market deregulation during the 2000s, online content sharing and social networking platforms were promoted in Japan as new sites of work that were accessible to anyone. Enticed by the chance to build personally fulfilling careers, many young women entered Japan's digital economy by performing unpaid labor as photographers, net idols, bloggers, online traders, and cell phone novelists. While some women leveraged digital technology to create successful careers, most did not. In Invisibility by Design Gabriella Lukács traces how these women's unpaid labor became the engine of Japan's digital economy. Drawing on interviews with young women who strove to sculpt careers in the digital economy, Lukács shows how platform owners tapped unpaid labor to create innovative profit-generating practices without employing workers, thereby rendering women's labor invisible. By drawing out the ways in which labor precarity generates a demand for feminized affective labor, Lukács underscores the fallacy of the digital economy as a more democratic, egalitarian, and inclusive mode of production.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9781478007180
Publisher:	Duke University Press
Publication date:	01/03/2020
Sold by:	Barnes & Noble
Format:	eBook
Pages:	248
File size:	12 MB
Note:	This product may take a few minutes to download.

About the Author

Gabriella Lukács is Associate Professor of Anthropology at the University of Pittsburgh and author of Scripted Affects, Branded Selves: Television, Subjectivity, and Capitalism in 1990s Japan, also published by Duke University Press.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgments  vii
Introduction. Labor and Gender in Japan's Digital Economy  1
1. Disidentifications: Women, Photography, and Everyday Patriarchy  30
2. The Labor of Cute: Net Idols in the Digital Economy  57
3. Career Porn: Blogging and the Good Life  81
4. Working without Sweating: Amateur Traders and the Financialization of Daily Life  106
5. Dreamwork: Cell Phone Novelists, Affective Labor, and Precarity Politics  132
Epilogue. Digital Labor, Labor Precarity, and Basic Income 155
Notes  167
References  207
Index  225

Editorial Reviews

Gabriella Lukács’s stunning new book, Invisibility by Design, examines online spaces that promise opportunities for women in particular.... Although the dynamics described within it focus on Japan, this book will be of interest to scholars working in many fields, including gender studies, labor, and communications.

Journal of Asian Studies - Allison Alexy

Stunningly powerful, Invisibility by Design tracks the movement of young Japanese women into the digital economy where, ‘seduced’ into imagining its possibilities for meaningful work, most found instead that they labored too hard for little pay-off or gendered advancement. Indicting the capitalism that drove digital economy's rapid expansion in 2000s Japan by exploiting and invisibilizing women's affective labor, Gabriella Lukács has given us a book that is at once theoretically profound and ethnographically dense, dancing through the stories of women bloggers, net idols, 'girly' photographers, amateur traders, and cell phone novelists. A rich tour de force!

Precarious Japan - Anne Allison

Addressing crucial issues for our time, Gabriella Lukács brings an ethnographic perspective to young Japanese women who aspire to lucrative careers in day trading and beyond. Through a writing style filled with warmth and empathy, she portrays how these women often face disappointment in their entrepreneurial endeavors, and analyzes how these women's desires for better careers can sometimes be self-defeating. A deeply insightful and thought-provoking book.

The Soul of Anime: Collaborative Creativity and Japan’s Media Success Story - Ian Condry

This book is valuable for what it tells us about how some women, by moving into digital careers, have tried to resist the discrimination and restrictions of Japan’s gendered labor market.... It is also a welcome contribution to our understanding of how capitalism operates in the digital age.

Journal of Japanese Studies - Kaye Broadbent

"Gabriella Lukács's stunning new book, Invisibility by Design, examines online spaces that promise opportunities for women in particular.... Although the dynamics described within it focus on Japan, this book will be of interest to scholars working in many fields, including gender studies, labor, and communications."--Allison Alexy "Journal of Asian Studies" (9/1/2021 12:00:00 AM)

"This book is valuable for what it tells us about how some women, by moving into digital careers, have tried to resist the discrimination and restrictions of Japan's gendered labor market.... It is also a welcome contribution to our understanding of how capitalism operates in the digital age."--Kaye Broadbent "Journal of Japanese Studies" (7/28/2021 12:00:00 AM)

"Addressing crucial issues for our time, Gabriella Lukács brings an ethnographic perspective to young Japanese women who aspire to lucrative careers in day trading and beyond. Through a writing style filled with warmth and empathy, she portrays how these women often face disappointment in their entrepreneurial endeavors, and analyzes how these women's desires for better careers can sometimes be self-defeating. A deeply insightful and thought-provoking book."--Ian Condry, author of "The Soul of Anime: Collaborative Creativity and Japan's Media Success Story"

"Stunningly powerful, Invisibility by Design tracks the movement of young Japanese women into the digital economy where, 'seduced' into imagining its possibilities for meaningful work, most found instead that they labored too hard for little pay-off or gendered advancement. Indicting the capitalism that drove digital economy's rapid expansion in 2000s Japan by exploiting and invisibilizing women's affective labor, Gabriella Lukács has given us a book that is at once theoretically profound and ethnographically dense, dancing through the stories of women bloggers, net idols, 'girly' photographers, amateur traders, and cell phone novelists. A rich tour de force!"--Anne Allison, author of "Precarious Japan"

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