Invisible Women: Data Bias in a World Designed for Men
The landmark, prize-winning, international bestselling examination of how a gender gap in data perpetuates bias and disadvantages women.#1 International Bestseller * Winner of the Financial Times and McKinsey Business Book of the Year Award * Winner of the Royal Society Science Book Prize Data is fundamental to the modern world. From economic development to health care to education and public policy, we rely on numbers to allocate resources and make crucial decisions. But because so much data fails to take into account gender, because it treats men as the default and women as atypical, bias and discrimination are baked into our systems. And women pay tremendous costs for this insidious bias: in time, in money, and often with their lives. Celebrated feminist advocate Caroline Criado Perez investigates this shocking root cause of gender inequality in Invisible Women. Examining the home, the workplace, the public square, the doctor’s office, and more, Criado Perez unearths a dangerous pattern in data and its consequences on women’s lives. Product designers use a “one-size-fits-all” approach to everything from pianos to cell phones to voice recognition software, when in fact this approach is designed to fit men. Cities prioritize men’s needs when designing public transportation, roads, and even snow removal, neglecting to consider women’s safety or unique responsibilities and travel patterns. And in medical research, women have largely been excluded from studies and textbooks, leaving them chronically misunderstood, mistreated, and misdiagnosed. Built on hundreds of studies in the United States, in the United Kingdom, and around the world, and written with energy, wit, and sparkling intelligence, this is a groundbreaking, highly readable exposé that will change the way you look at the world.
1129490658
Invisible Women: Data Bias in a World Designed for Men
The landmark, prize-winning, international bestselling examination of how a gender gap in data perpetuates bias and disadvantages women.#1 International Bestseller * Winner of the Financial Times and McKinsey Business Book of the Year Award * Winner of the Royal Society Science Book Prize Data is fundamental to the modern world. From economic development to health care to education and public policy, we rely on numbers to allocate resources and make crucial decisions. But because so much data fails to take into account gender, because it treats men as the default and women as atypical, bias and discrimination are baked into our systems. And women pay tremendous costs for this insidious bias: in time, in money, and often with their lives. Celebrated feminist advocate Caroline Criado Perez investigates this shocking root cause of gender inequality in Invisible Women. Examining the home, the workplace, the public square, the doctor’s office, and more, Criado Perez unearths a dangerous pattern in data and its consequences on women’s lives. Product designers use a “one-size-fits-all” approach to everything from pianos to cell phones to voice recognition software, when in fact this approach is designed to fit men. Cities prioritize men’s needs when designing public transportation, roads, and even snow removal, neglecting to consider women’s safety or unique responsibilities and travel patterns. And in medical research, women have largely been excluded from studies and textbooks, leaving them chronically misunderstood, mistreated, and misdiagnosed. Built on hundreds of studies in the United States, in the United Kingdom, and around the world, and written with energy, wit, and sparkling intelligence, this is a groundbreaking, highly readable exposé that will change the way you look at the world.
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Invisible Women: Data Bias in a World Designed for Men
The landmark, prize-winning, international bestselling examination of how a gender gap in data perpetuates bias and disadvantages women.#1 International Bestseller * Winner of the Financial Times and McKinsey Business Book of the Year Award * Winner of the Royal Society Science Book Prize Data is fundamental to the modern world. From economic development to health care to education and public policy, we rely on numbers to allocate resources and make crucial decisions. But because so much data fails to take into account gender, because it treats men as the default and women as atypical, bias and discrimination are baked into our systems. And women pay tremendous costs for this insidious bias: in time, in money, and often with their lives. Celebrated feminist advocate Caroline Criado Perez investigates this shocking root cause of gender inequality in Invisible Women. Examining the home, the workplace, the public square, the doctor’s office, and more, Criado Perez unearths a dangerous pattern in data and its consequences on women’s lives. Product designers use a “one-size-fits-all” approach to everything from pianos to cell phones to voice recognition software, when in fact this approach is designed to fit men. Cities prioritize men’s needs when designing public transportation, roads, and even snow removal, neglecting to consider women’s safety or unique responsibilities and travel patterns. And in medical research, women have largely been excluded from studies and textbooks, leaving them chronically misunderstood, mistreated, and misdiagnosed. Built on hundreds of studies in the United States, in the United Kingdom, and around the world, and written with energy, wit, and sparkling intelligence, this is a groundbreaking, highly readable exposé that will change the way you look at the world.
Caroline Criado Perez is a writer, broadcaster, and award-winning feminist activist. She was the 2013 recipient of the Liberty Human Rights Campaigner of the Year Award and was named OBE in the Queen’s Birthday Honours 2015. She has a degree in English language and literature from the University of Oxford, and she studied behavioral and feminist economics at the London School of Economics.
Table of Contents
Preface xv
Introduction: The Default Male 1
Part I Daily Life 27
Chapter 1 Can Snow-Clearing be Sexist? 29
Chapter 2 Gender Neutral With Urinals 47
Part II The Workplace 67
Chapter 3 The Long Friday 69
Chapter 4 The Myth of Meritocracy 92
Chapter 5 The Henry Higgins Effect 112
Chapter 6 Being Worth Less Than a Shoe 128
Part III Design 143
Chapter 7 The Plough Hypothesis 145
Chapter 8 One-Size-Fits-Men 157
Chapter 9 A Sea of Dudes 169
Part IV Going to the Doctor 193
Chapter 10 The Drugs Don't Work 195
Chapter 11 Yentl Syndrome 217
Part V Public Life 237
Chapter 12 A Costless Resource to Exploit 239
Chapter 13 From Purse to Wallet 254
Chapter 14 Women's Rights are Human Rights 265
Part VI When it Goes Wrong 287
Chapter 15 Who Will Rebuild? 289
Chapter 16 It's Not the Disaster that Kills You 296