Interviews
Michael Connelly Talks with Jan Burke
1. This is a very densely plotted book. I pictured you writing it with a PowerPoint outline and flow chart. My first question is about the construction of the novel. There are many characters, the story moves forward and backward at the same time. It's a marvel. How did you go about constructing it?
Thanks for presenting this image of me being so well-organized, although I can't understand how, knowing me, you've come to imagine it. I had no outline, let alone a PowerPoint version. A white board that carried a few roughly jotted notes about characters and clues as I went along is as close as I came to a flow chart. I let the characters tell me their stories and get one other into trouble. All appearances of organization are brought to you through the miraculous powers of revision.
2. I carry ideas around with me and find stories that will allow me to explore them. I don't know if that is the same with you but I wonder where the starting point for this story was. I guess this is a fancy way of asking where do you get your ideas.
It's much the same for me, I think. Sometimes it's imagining character who comes to me in some moment of thinking about a story idea. Caleb Fletcher came to mind early on in my process of creating Kidnapped. I knew he would be a young man who had not given up hope of finding his missing sister, and the life of his imprisoned brother would depend on his finding her alive. I had a fairly clear picture of Caleb in mind from the start, and wrote to get to know him better.
Questions arise in my mind, often while doing research, especially if some bit of information truly surprises me or otherwise makes me sit up and take notice. Sooner or later, a different sort of question comes to haunt me, one that begins with "what if...." In this case it was, "What if someone tried to create the perfect family?" And that's the one I explored.
3. In a big way this story taps into ideas of family and the heartbreak of missing and stolen children. The statistics in regard to this that are in the book are stunning. Its also a difficult subject to handle in a crime novel. What made you go in this direction?
Let me say first that I knew I wasn't going to write a book in which children were tortured or killed. Even knowing that, I was aware that I was still working with a difficult subject. For a number of reasons, personal and otherwise, real-life missing person's stories have always seemed to me among the most heart-wrenching. If you've ever spent time with anyone who is missing a child or other family member, you realize that this is a particular kind of hell all its own. And yet families of missing persons have historically been treated abysmally by law enforcement agencies, and the cases have often been given little regard. Although that is changing, in a great many jurisdictions, it is changing too slowly.
At the time I started researching
Bloodlines, my previous book, I looked into studies on missing children. I learned that the FBI was not keeping statistics on kidnapping. (They are just now starting to implement a plan to do so.) That floored me. What? The agency we most often think of being called in on kidnapping cases isn't tracking them? The agency that produces annual studies on crime statistics doesn't include this one? But it was true. And when I realized how many children were reported missing in the years when any other government agencies collected statistics, I was shocked.
4. You and I came into this world of publishing around the same time. Sometimes I can't believe I am still here and have been allowed to come back repeatedly to the same character. That's the good part. The bad part, or rather the hard part, is to take that gift and challenge yourself and keep the series fresh. In this book I see at least part of the challenge was in the scope of the story. There are several points of view. Irene Kelly is of course front and center but we ride with other characters through integral parts of the story. Did I get that right? What was the challenge you threw down in front of yourself this time?
Oh, I agree -- I am so grateful to readers for allowing me to keep at this.
The challenge was primarily to write a story about kidnapping in which the captors -- although ruthless to adults -- would intend no harm to the children, would believe that they were giving the children a better life, greater advantages. And yet, you had to see how wrong even that part of their intentions would be, how little utopias go awry.
I have written multiple points of view for about half of my books, and all of the most recent ones, so I now tend to think in terms of telling a story that way. Each time out, though, this presents certain pitfalls one must avoid. You don't want to weaken the protagonist. You need to keep the characters' voices unique -- but of course, you have to do that in any story involving more than one character. Keeping the story in hand, making sure each of these points of view is moving the story forward, that is always a challenge.
Writing about children can be difficult, both because a writer can't just present the reader with miniature adults, or the other end of spectrum, poppets who are so darned precious you really need insulin on hand to manage the sugar load.
5. How would you describe your relationship with Irene?
She's one of my dearest friends. Don't worry -- I know she's imaginary. But I know things about her I could never know about another person, or even, perhaps, myself. I admire her and enjoy spending time with her. I like finding out what she's up to, what's on her mind, how she'll tackle a problem.
6. What is your best one-word description of Irene?
True.
She's true to herself, to those she loves, to her ideals.
"Resilient" would be a close second. There's a kind of courage in resiliency that rebuilds the world as needed.
7. One of my favorite lines and sentiments in the book is when Ben Sheridan, a forensic anthropologist, gets to the heart of reality versus perceived reality when he says, "And while maybe some guy on TV can get DNA out of anything and gets results in twenty minutes, that TV show probably gets more funding for an episode than our lab gets for an annual budget for DNA." This is a succinct way of getting to this thing that bothers all cops and coroners that I know, and a lot of crime novelists as well. Millions and millions of people watch television shows each week that portray forensics as a panacea instead of a tool. They are slaves to entertainment instead of accuracy and it leads to misconceptions about this important part of crime solving. Do you feel some sort of responsibility for setting the record right? In this book and some of those previously you obviously play close attention to this. The books are thoroughly and exhaustively researched.
You've described the problem perfectly.
For my part, I don't know if I would call it a responsibility for setting the record straight so much as concern. Concern about the daily consequences of the giant gap between public perceptions of forensic science and the reality. I care about that, so I write about that, and I try to do that without delivering sermons.
I understand the storyteller's dilemma here, and I don't blame writers who choose not to make all fiction into non-fiction -- often there are more opportunities for telling the essential truth in works of fiction. It's why we're still reading Jane Austen and not reading farm manuals from the same period. That said, I think there is plenty of dramatic possibility in realistic portrayals of the worlds we write about. Why not give these characters more realistic challenges to deal with, rather than putting them in a cotton candy world?
One of the best aspects of crime fiction's legacy is that it has, over its history, so often looked at society with an appraising eye. No need for blinkers.
8. Speaking of research, I can almost see the fun you had researching this one. How big a part is that for you? Would you rather write or research, or are they inseparable?
Oh, inseparable. I do have to be aware that research is my favorite form of procrastination. Still, I love to write, and the writing has led me to unexpected exploration. It happens like this: Suddenly, I become aware that Character X is a pilot who is happiest in his small plane. Next thing I know, I'm having conversations with pilots. The character gains depth because people are generous to me with their time.
9. Springing from your research and the hallmark of thoroughness in your work is your involvement is the Crime Lab Project. What exactly is that and how did it come about?
We're a nonprofit organization that advocates better support for public forensic science, and works to increase public awareness of the problems facing crime labs.
At the end of 2003, I was invited to speak at the annual meeting of the American Society of Crime Lab Directors. They allowed me to sit in on most of the conference, and once again, I saw the huge difference between what the public believes about their local forensic science labs and what is really going on. Many lab directors were overwhelmed with backlogs and other problems, and not really sure how to get the message out.
It occurred to me that crime writers, who often receive research help from forensic scientists, could "pay it forward" by speaking up about this crisis, and could become advocates for crime labs. So I called you and a few other writers, and everyone I talked to said, "Yes, I'd like to help out." That was the beginning of the Crime Lab Project. By April of 2004, we had a Web site, and we put out a call for help from writers and producers and other interested individuals. Anyone could join, there were -- and still are -- no dues. All we asked of any member was that he or she take action.
Within a year, several hundred writers were involved, and last year we were endorsed by Sisters in Crime and Mystery Writers of America. Writers put links on their Web sites and handed out flyers, spoke about the CLP at speaking engagements, and forwarded our e-mail alerts to their readers. They blogged about labs. They wrote about labs. They mentioned labs in interviews. As a result, our membership grew to the thousands.
This year, we incorporated two nonprofits, the Crime Lab Project and the Crime Lab Project Foundation. We've seen increases in funding for forensic science, and greater media attention to the needs of labs and coroner's offices. The Coverdell Act, a grant program that helps labs, received much higher funding after we became involved. We have a forensic science news service and blog, and are adding new members every day. We're working the Consortium of Forensic Science Organizations to ensure we stay clear about their needs.
We invite anyone who cares about forensic science to join us. The price we pay -- and victims of crime pay -- for under-funded, understaffed labs in inadequate facilities is too high. It affects public safety, criminal justice, homeland security, product safety, workplace safety, public health, and many other areas of our lives.
A portion of the sales of
Kidnapped will go to the Crime Lab Project, and my publisher has generously contributed as well.
10. I will finish with an old stand by. What is next for you and what is next for Irene Kelly?
I don't know yet. I'm working on something quite different at the moment, but I don't think I'll jinx it by saying more. I have no hesitation in saying that I will eventually write another book about Irene. I have a few more adventures in mind for her, and thank my readers for their continued interest in her.