Language in Mind: Advances in the Study of Language and Thought

Overview

The idea that the language we speak influences the way we think has evoked perennial fascination and intense controversy. According to the strong version of this hypothesis, called the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis after the American linguists who propounded it in the 1950s, languages vary in their semantic partitioning of the world, and the structure of one's language influences how one understands the world. Thus speakers of different languages perceive the world differently. Although the last two decades have been ...
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Overview

The idea that the language we speak influences the way we think has evoked perennial fascination and intense controversy. According to the strong version of this hypothesis, called the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis after the American linguists who propounded it in the 1950s, languages vary in their semantic partitioning of the world, and the structure of one's language influences how one understands the world. Thus speakers of different languages perceive the world differently. Although the last two decades have been marked by extreme skepticism concerning the possible effects of language on thought, recent theoretical and methodological advances in cognitive science have given the question new life. Research in linguistics and linguistic anthropology has revealed striking differences in cross-linguistic semantic patterns, and cognitive psychology has developed subtle techniques for studying how people represent and remember experience. It is now possible to test predictions about how a given language influences the thinking of its speakers. Language in Mind includes contributions from both skeptics and believers and from a range of fields. It contains work in cognitive psychology, cognitive development, linguistics, anthropology, and animal cognition. The topics discussed include space, number, motion, gender, theory of mind, thematic roles, and the ontological distinction between objects and substances.
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What People Are Saying

From the Publisher
"Remember the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis—the idea that the language you speak shapes the way you think? It's been pronounced dead a number of times in the past fifty years, and yet it just won't go away. To understand why not, read Language in Mind. There the leading scholars in the field take a fresh look at Sapir-Whorf and offer intriguing new evidence for it. But they do more than just revive the hypothesis. They rework it and give it a genuinely new shape as they show how it bears on a range of new issues in language and thinking. It is this revised perspective that will inspire the next generation of thinking and research on the way language affects thought."Herbert H. Clark, Department of Psychology, Stanford University

"Remember the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis — the idea that the language you speak shapes the way you think? It's been pronounced dead a number of times in the past fifty years, and yet it just won't go away. To understand why not, read *Language in Mind*. There the leading scholars in the field take a fresh look at Sapir-Whorf and offer intriguing new evidence for it. But they do more than just revive the hypothesis. They rework it and give it a genuinely new shape as they show how it bears on a range of new issues in language and thinking. It is this revised perspective that will inspire the next generation of thinking and research on the way language affects thought."—Herbert H. Clark, Department of Psychology, Stanford University

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Product Details

  • ISBN-13: 9780262072434
  • Publisher: MIT Press
  • Publication date: 4/1/2003
  • Series: Bradford Books Series
  • Pages: 538
  • Product dimensions: 6.00 (w) x 9.00 (h) x 1.25 (d)

Meet the Author

Dedre Gentner is Professor of Psychology and Education and Director of the Cognitive ScienceProgram at Northwestern University.

Susan Goldin-Meadow is Professor of Psychology and an affiliate of the Center for East AsianStudies at the University of Chicago.

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Table of Contents

Contributors
Acknowledgments
I Introduction 1
Whither Whorf 3
II Position Statements 15
1 Languages and Representations 17
2 Language and Mind: Let's Get the Issues Straight! 25
3 The Key Is Social Cognition 47
III Language as Lens: Does the Language We Acquire Influence How We See the World? 59
4 Sex, Syntax, and Semantics 61
5 Speaking versus Thinking about Objects and Actions 81
6 The Effects of Spatial Language on Spatial Representation: Setting Some Boundaries 113
7 Language and Thought Online: Cognitive Consequences of Linguistic Relativity 157
IV Language as Tool Kit: Does the Language We Acquire Augment Our Capacity for Higher-Order Representation and Reasoning? 193
8 Why We're So Smart 195
9 Does Language Help Animals Think? 237
10 What Makes Us Smart? Core Knowledge and Natural Language 277
11 Conceptual and Linguistic Factors in Inductive Projection: How Do Young Children Recognize Commonalities between Animals and Plants? 313
12 Language for Thought: Coming to Understand False Beliefs 335
V Language as Category Maker: Does the Language We Acquire Influence Where We Make Our Category Distinctions? 385
13 Space under Construction: Language-Specific Spatial Categorization in First Language Acquisition 387
14 Reevaluating Linguistic Relativity: Language-Specific Categories and the Role of Universal Ontological Knowledge in the Construal of Individuation 429
15 Interaction of Language Type and Referent Type in the Development of Nonverbal Classification Preferences 465
16 Thought before Language: Do We Think Ergative? 493
Index 523
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