Laws of Nature and Chances: What Breathes Fire into the Equations

by Barry Loewer

Overview

Barry Loewer presents a novel account of the metaphysics of law of nature, chances, fundamental ontology, and the space-time arena they occupy. He calls this the Package Deal Account. This aims to answer Stephen Hawking's question "What is it that breathes fire into the equations and makes a universe for them to describe?" Loewer's account stands on the shoulders of David Lewis's Humean Best Systems Account of laws and chances, but rejects Lewis' Humean ontology of natural properties, and instead lets the criteria that physicists employ for evaluating candidate fundamental theories of everything, together with reality, determine the universe's fundamental ontology. The Package Deal Account thus advances the project of naturalizing metaphysics.

Loewer discusses the history of the concept of laws of nature, current philosophical accounts of the metaphysics of laws, and arguments for and against each of these. He then shows how the Package Deal Account overcomes objections to each, and how, unlike Lewis's Humean account and its non-Humean rivals, it is able to accommodate recent developments in physics, including proposals for theories of quantum gravity that reject the fundamentality of space-time. Loewer provides in addition an account of the laws and chances that occur in non-fundamental special sciences and how they are related to those of fundamental physics.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780198907695
Publisher:	Oxford University Press
Publication date:	10/25/2024
Pages:	160
Product dimensions:	5.51(w) x 8.78(h) x 0.51(d)

About the Author

Barry Loewer, Distinguished Professor of Philosophy, Rutgers University

Barry Loewer is Distinguished Professor of Philosophy at Rutgers University. He recieved his PhD from Stanford University in 1975. He taught first at the University of South Carolina before joining Rutgers University in 1989. Loewer is the co-editor of Meaning, Mind, and Matter (OUP, 2015).

Table of Contents

Preface1. Introduction2. Non-Humean accounts of the metaphysics of laws3. The BSA Humean account of the metaphysics of laws4. Objections to the BSA5. Problems with perfectly Natural Properties6. Super Humeanism7. The PDA8. The PDA and Chance9. Special Science laws10. Relativism and Realism11. Reprise and Conclusion

Editorial Reviews

"The book assumes a familiarity with some of these issues in the philosophy of science, and so it will be of most use and interest to philosophers of science, both graduate students and faculty members. It is an important and engaging contribution to that area and should be in the collection of university libraries." — M. A. Michael, CHOICE

"Laws of Nature and Chances is a succinct but highly impactful book; few philosophers can accomplish so much in so few pages. Loewer offers an exemplary tour of outstanding problems facing our understanding of lawhood, as well as a number ofcompelling ideas about how the philosophy of lawhood might move forward. The book is a very valuable contribution to the modern philosophy of lawhood and will no doubt motivate many further developments in the field." — Emily Adlam, Metascience

From the Publisher