Legacy of the Luoshu: The Mystical,Mathematical Meaning of the Magic Square of Order Three

Overview

A magic square is an arrangement of numbers where the rows, columns, and two main diagonals add up to the same number. One of the most important squares, the Luoshu, has been studied and revered for its magical properties for centuries. Even today, the Luoshu is key to feng shui, cosmology, the occult, numerology, and mathematical puzzles. Professor Swetz explores its historical and present-day uses.
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Overview

A magic square is an arrangement of numbers where the rows, columns, and two main diagonals add up to the same number. One of the most important squares, the Luoshu, has been studied and revered for its magical properties for centuries. Even today, the Luoshu is key to feng shui, cosmology, the occult, numerology, and mathematical puzzles. Professor Swetz explores its historical and present-day uses.
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What People Are Saying

Ian Stewart
An engaging and informative history of the magic square. A must for anyone who loves numbers.
— Ian Stewart, author Does God Play Dice? and Life's Other Secrets
Paul R. Goldin
Legacy of the Luoshu reveals the astounding propertiesof the luoshu-the most magic of magic squares. But this book deals with more than just a math puzzle: Swetz also gives us a convincing account of magic squares in traditional Chinese society, as well as their relevance to music, architecture, and even martial arts.
— Paul R. Goldin, author Rituals of the Way
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Product Details

  • ISBN-13: 9780812694482
  • Publisher: Open Court Publishing Company
  • Publication date: 11/1/2001
  • Pages: 214
  • Product dimensions: 6.12 (w) x 8.98 (h) x 0.58 (d)

Table of Contents

Acknowledgments ix
Prologue xi
1. The Journey Begins 1
2. On the Banks of the Luo River: The Chinese Origins of the Luoshu 9
Mystical Beginnings on the Shell of a Tortoise 9
The Earliest References to the Luoshu 12
The Traditional Method of Constructing the Luoshu 16
3. Yinyang, Wuxing, and Key Numbers in the Luoshu 19
"Nineness" and "Fiveness" in the Luoshu 20
Yinyang: The Potential to Become 27
Wuxing: Directions for Change 31
4. The Luoshu in Cosmic Ritual, Fortune-Telling, and Fengshui 39
Talking to the Sky God in Mingtang Temples 40
Taiyi and the Daoist Dance 48
Divination Enters the Picture: The Eight Trigrams 53
Cycles of Time and the Flying Star System of Fengshui 56
Fortune-Telling with the Luoshu 59
Variations on the Luoshu 61
5. Chinese Variations on the Luoshu Theme 65
Other Magic Squares of Order Three? 65
Higher Order Magic Squares 68
Later Work with Magic Number Arrangements 77
6. The Magic Square of Order Three in Other Cultures 79
Who Didn't Know about Magic Squares? 79
Babylonia 79
Greece 80
Egypt 82
Who Else Knew about Magic Squares? 82
India 83
Tibet 89
Japan 90
The Islamic World 93
Magic Squares in Latin Europe 107
A Mathematical Interest in Magic Squares 116
7. Luoshu Miscellanea 121
Some Mathematical Considerations 121
Luoshu Puzzles 128
Another Time, Another Place, Another Legend 134
Mr. Browne's Illustrious Magic Square 135
Feel the Rhythm 140
Taijiquan, the Luoshu, and Immortality 145
8. Some Final Thoughts 151
Why Did the Magic Square Originate and Flourish in China Rather Than in the West? 152
What Happened to the Luoshu as a Visible Symbol of Harmony? 155
What is the Ultimate Significance of the Luoshu? 156
Epilogue 161
Notes 165
Bibliography 193
Illustration Acknowledgments 207
Index 209
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Sort by: Showing 1 Customer Review
  • Anonymous

    Posted April 22, 2002

    Well Researched Yet Fun to Read

    The Legacy of the Luoshu covers the story of the luoshu in China, both in legend and using historical sources. It tells how the luoshu and the magic square came to the attention of the West in the 17th century. The book explains uses of the luoshu in traditional Chinese culture, and also examines the use of the luoshu in other cultures, including Greece, India, Tibet, Japan, and the Islamic world. This book explains the mathematics of magic squares and how they are derived. The Legacy of the Luoshu is 214 pages with many diagrams and illustrations. This includes some beautiful drawings from old Chinese books. The author, Frank Swetz, is a professor of mathematics, who has written many other books, including others on Chinese mathematics. Even though he is a mathematician, his writing is very readible. The book has extensive footnotes, yet does not seem stuffy at all. In fact, you can feel the authors excitement as he discovers new details about the history of the luoshu. The author has a good grasp of Chinese culture, without any feeling of condesention. If you are curious about history and how things work, this is a wonderful book! The first four chapters were fascinating; I just wanted to lie in bed and read them. The later half of the book is a great resource to which I will refer, although the subjects were less focused on my specific areas of interest. If you enjoy learning about the intellectual and spiritual pursuits of classical Chinese culture, you will love this book. Overall, this is a very well researched book that is serious, yet fun to read.

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