Measuring Health: A Guide to Rating Scales and Questionnaires

by Ian McDowell

Overview

Worldwide economic constraints on health care systems have highlighted the importance of evidence-based medicine and evidence-based health policy. The resulting clinical trials and health services research studies require instruments to monitor the outcomes of care and the output of the health system. However, the over-abundance of competing measurement scales can make choosing a measure difficult at best. Measuring Health provides in-depth reviews of over 100 of the leading health measurement tools and serves as a guide for choosing among them.LNow in its third edition, this book provides a critical overview of the field of health measurement, with a technical introduction and discussion of the history and future directions for the field. This latest edition updates the information on each of the measures previously reviewed, and includes a complete new chapter on anxiety measurement to accompany the one on depression. It has also added new instruments to those previously reviewed in each of the chapters in the book.LChapters cover measurements of physical disability, social health, psychological well-being, anxiety, depression, mental status testing, pain, general health status and quality of life. Each chapter presents a tabular comparison of the quality of the instruments reviewed, followed by a detailed description of each method, covering its purpose and conceptual basis, its reliability and validity and, where possible, shows a copy of the actual scale. To ensure accuracy of the information, each review has been approved by the original author of each instrument or by an acknowledged expert.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780199883141
Publisher:	Oxford University Press
Publication date:	03/09/2006
Sold by:	Barnes & Noble
Format:	eBook
File size:	14 MB
Note:	This product may take a few minutes to download.

About the Author

McDowell, Ian, PhD (Univ of Ottawa); Newell, Claire, MA (Univ of Ottawa)

Table of Contents

1. bIntroduction/bBackgroundSelection of Instruments for ReviewStructure of the BookStyle and Content of the ReviewsFormat for the ReviewsEvaluating a Health Measurement: the User's Perspective2. bThe Theoretical and Technical Foundations of Health Measurement/bThe Evolution of Health IndicatorsTypes of Health MeasurementsTheoretical Bases for MeasurementNumerical Estimates of Health: Scaling MethodsPsychometric MethodsMethods Derived from Economics and Decision AnalysisIdentifying and Controlling Biases in Subjective JudgmentsConceptual Bases for Health MeasurementsThe Quality of a Measurement: Validity and ReliabilityAssessing ValidityCriterion ValidityConstruct ValidityCorrelational EvidenceFactorial ValidityGroup Differences and Sensitivity to ChangeConstruct ValidationAssessing ReliabilityInternal ConsistencyInterpreting Reliability CoefficientsSummaryReferences3. bPhysical Disability and Handicap/bThe Evolution of Physical Disability MeasurementsScope of the ChapterThe Pulses ProfileThe Barthel IndexThe Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living, orThe Kenny Self-care EvaluationThe Physical Self-maintenance ScaleThe Disability Interview ScheduleThe Lambeth Disability Screening QuestionnaireThe Oecd Long-term Disability QuestionnaireThe Functional Status Rating SystemA Rapid Disability Rating ScaleThe Functional Status IndexThe Patient Evaluation Conference SystemThe Functional Activities QuestionnaireThe Health Assessment QuestionnaireThe Mos Physical Functioning MeasureThe Functional Independence MeasureConclusion4. bSocial Health/bSocial Adjustment and Social RolesSocial SupportScope of the ChapterThe Social Relationship ScaleThe Social Support QuestionnaireThe Rand Social Health BatteryThe Mos Social Support SurveyThe Duke-UNC Functional Social Support QuestionnaireThe Duke Social Support and Stress ScaleThe Katz Adjustment ScalesThe Social Functioning ScheduleThe Interview Schedule for Social InteractionThe Social Adjustment ScaleThe Social Maladjustment ScheduleThe Social Dysfunction Rating ScaleThe Structured and Scaled Interview to Assess MaladjustmentConclusion5. bPsychological Well-being/bScope of the ChapterThe Health Opinion SurveyThe Twenty-two Item Screening Score of Psychiatric SymptomsThe Affect Balance ScaleThe Positive and Negative Affect ScalesThe Life Satisfaction IndexThe Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale ScaleThe General Well-being ScheduleThe Rand Mental Health InventoryThe Health Perceptions QuestionnaireThe General Health QuestionnaireConclusion6. bAnxiety/bTheoretical Approaches to AnxietyAnxiety and DepressionAnxiety MeasurementsThe Manifest Anxiety ScaleThe Hamilton Anxiety Rating ScaleThe Hospital Anxiety and Depression ScaleThe Self-rating Anxiety ScaleThe Anxiety Status InventoryThe Beck Anxiety InventoryThe Depression Anxiety Stress ScalesThe State-trait Anxiety Inventory7. bDepression/bClassifications of DepressionMeasurement of DepressionScope of the ChapterThe Beck Depression InventoryThe Self-rating Depression ScaleThe Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression ScaleThe Geriatric Depression ScaleThe Depression Adjective Check ListsThe Hamilton Rating Scale for DepressionThe Brief Assessment Schedule-DepressionThe Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating ScaleThe Carroll Rating Scale for DepressionConclusion8. bMental Status Testing/bMeasurements of Cognition, Cognitive Impairment, and DementiaScope of the ChapterThe Dementia Rating ScaleThe Cognitive Capacity Screening ExaminationThe Clock Drawing TestThe Alzheimer's Disease Assessment ScaleThe Information-memory-concentration TestThe Dementia ScaleThe Mental Status QuestionnaireThe Short Portable Mental Status QuestionnaireThe Mini-mental State ExaminationThe Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the ElderlyThe Clifton Assessment Procedures for the ElderlyThe Cambridge Mental Disorders of the Elderly ExaminationConclusionAdditional InstrumentsScreening TestsInstruments for Clinical ApplicationDiagnostic Instruments9. bPain Measurements/bTheoretical Approaches to PainApproaches to Pain MeasurementQuestionnaire TechniquesBehavioral Measurements of PainAnalogue MethodsScope of the ChapterVisual Analogue Pain Rating ScalesThe McGill Pain QuestionnaireThe Medical Outcomes Study in Pain MeasuresThe Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability QuestionnaireThe Back Pain Classification ScaleThe Pain and Distress ScaleThe Illness Behavior QuestionnaireThe Pain Perception ProfileConclusion10. bGeneral Health Status and Quality of Life/bMeasuring Quality of LifeScope of the ChapterThe Arthritis Impact Measurement ScalesThe Physical and Mental-Impairment-of-function EvaluationThe Functional Assessment InventoryThe Functional Living IndexThe Functional Assessment of Cancer TherapyThe Eortc Quality of Life QuestionnaireThe Quality-adjusted Time Without Symptoms and Toxicity IndexThe Quality of Life IndexThe Coop Charts for Primary Care PracticesSingle-Item Health IndicatorsThe Functional Status QuestionnaireThe Duke Health ProfileThe Oars Multidimensional Functional Assessment QuestionnaireThe Comprehensive Assessment and Referral EvaluationThe Multilevel Assessment InstrumentThe Self-evaluation of Life Function ScaleThe Sickness Impact ProfileThe Nottingham Health ProfileThe Short-form-36 Health SurveyThe Short-form-12 Health SurveyThe Disability and Distress ScaleThe Quality of Well-being ScaleThe Health Utilities IndexThe Euroqol Eq-5d Quality of Life ScaleConclusion11. bRecommendations and Conclusions/bThe Current Status of Mental Health MeasurementGuidelines for Developing Health MeasurementsFinal RemarksGlossary of Technical Terms

Editorial Reviews

5 Stars from Doody

This second edition provides concise reviews of 88 sociomedical measurements, nearly twice the number reviewed in the 1987 first edition. This book was written as a guide to existing health measurement methods in the areas of physical disability and handicap, psychological well-being, social health, depression, mental status, pain, quality of life, and general health measurements. Given the current emphasis on outcomes research and accountability in healthcare, this book meets a major need for clinicians and researchers who are searching for appropriate measures. The introduction gives novices an excellent, although challenging, overview of the theoretical and methodological foundations of health measurement. Experienced clinicians and researchers will also find the introduction an excellent source of recent advances for developing and testing health measurement instruments. The book is intended for those planning clinical and research applications of health measures. It is also intended for students and those who develop health measures. The authors are recognized experts in the field. The authors follow a standard format for each measurement reviewed: title, author, year, purpose, conceptual basis, description, reliability and validity, alternative forms, reference standards, commentary, address, and references. Each chapter contains a summary table that compares the important features of the measurements reviewed in that chapter. The conclusion of each chapter summarizes the current state-of-the-art in that area of measurement and suggests directions for further development. This book is indispensable for those seeking a consumer's guide to health measures. The second editioncontains new chapters on measures of depression and mental status and a greatly expanded chapter on measures of general health status and quality of life. Because of the nature of the subject matter, the content of the reviews is very technical. However, the introductory and concluding sections of each chapter are written in an engaging and informative style.

David B. Schubot

Reviewer: David B. Schubot, PhD (Medical College of Wisconsin)
Description: This second edition provides concise reviews of 88 sociomedical measurements, nearly twice the number reviewed in the 1987 first edition.
Purpose: This book was written as a guide to existing health measurement methods in the areas of physical disability and handicap, psychological well-being, social health, depression, mental status, pain, quality of life, and general health measurements. Given the current emphasis on outcomes research and accountability in healthcare, this book meets a major need for clinicians and researchers who are searching for appropriate measures.
Audience: The introduction gives novices an excellent, although challenging, overview of the theoretical and methodological foundations of health measurement. Experienced clinicians and researchers will also find the introduction an excellent source of recent advances for developing and testing health measurement instruments. The book is intended for those planning clinical and research applications of health measures. It is also intended for students and those who develop health measures. The authors are recognized experts in the field.
Features: The authors follow a standard format for each measurement reviewed: title, author, year, purpose, conceptual basis, description, reliability and validity, alternative forms, reference standards, commentary, address, and references. Each chapter contains a summary table that compares the important features of the measurements reviewed in that chapter. The conclusion of each chapter summarizes the current state-of-the-art in that area of measurement and suggests directions for further development.
Assessment: This book is indispensable for those seeking a consumer's guide to health measures. The second edition contains new chapters on measures of depression and mental status and a greatly expanded chapter on measures of general health status and quality of life. Because of the nature of the subject matter, the content of the reviews is very technical. However, the introductory and concluding sections of each chapter are written in an engaging and informative style.

Doody's Review Service

"McDowell's learned input contributes substantially to the status of this text as a 'must have'...This is an extensively researched text with an exhaustive offering of measurement principles and approaches. Clinicians, researchers, and psychometrists will value the review of scales and the evaluative commentary offered by the clearly knowledgeable Ian McDowell."—PsycCRITIQUES

"Ian McDowell has crafted a real masterpiece with this, the 3rd edition of his magisterial overview of the science—and to put it mildly, it knocks the socks of almost all the (admittedly limited) competition...The description of concepts and the presentation of pertinent material provide the reader with a well-balanced portfolio of essential intelligence...should be required reading for all newcomers to the subject and might well repay the occasional visit from older hands too."—Public Health

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