Minority Victory: Gilded Age Politics and the Front Porch Campaign of 1888

by Charles W. Calhoun

Overview

During the run-up to the 1888 presidential election, Americans flocked to party rallies, marched in endless parades, and otherwise participated zealously in the political process. Although they faced a choice between two uncharismatic candidates—Republican challenger Benjamin Harrison and Democratic incumbent Grover Cleveland—voters took intense interest in the issues they espoused. And though Harrison became one of only four candidates to win the presidency while losing the popular vote, the lasting significance of the election was its foreshadowing of both the modern campaign and the modern presidency.

Charles W. Calhoun shows how this presidential contest not only exemplified Gilded Age politics but also marked a major shift from divisive sectional rhetoric to an emphasis on voters’ economic concerns. Calhoun first explores Cleveland’s rise to the presidency and explains why he turned to economic issues, especially tariff reduction, in framing his bid for reelection. He then provides a detailed analysis of the raucous Republican national convention and describes Harrison's effective front porch campaign, in which he proclaimed his views almost daily to visiting voters and reporters. Calhoun also explores the role of party organizations, business interests, labor, women, African Americans, and third parties in the campaign; discusses alleged fraud in the election; and analyzes the Democrats’ suppression of black votes in the South.

The 1888 campaign marked an important phase in the evolution of American political culture and augured significant innovations in American politics and governance. The Republicans’ performance, in particular, reflected the party’s future winning strategies: emphasis on economic development, personal participation by the presidential candidate, a well-financed organization, and coordination with beneficiaries of the party’s agenda.

Harrison set important precedents for campaigning and then, once in office, fashioned new leadership strategies and governing techniques—emphasizing legislative intervention, extensive travel, and a focus on foreign affairs—that would become the stock-in-trade of later presidents. His Republican successors built upon these transformations, making the GOP the majority party for a generation and putting the presidency at the center of American governance—where it has remained ever since.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780700615964
Publisher:	University Press of Kansas
Publication date:	11/04/2008
Series:	American Presidential Elections
Pages:	256
Product dimensions:	6.00(w) x 9.50(h) x 0.90(d)

About the Author

Charles W. Calhoun is professor of history at East Carolina University and author of Conceiving a New Republic: The Republican Party and the Southern Question, 1869–1900.

Table of Contents

Editors’ Foreword

Author’s Preface

Introduction

1. The Political Universe of the 1880s

2. “Grover, Grover, Four More Years!”

3. The Republican Challenger: If Not Blaine, Who?

4. The Centennial Campaign for the White House

5. A Minority and a Mandate

Appendix A: Ballot Totals: Republican National Convention, 1888

Appendix B: 1888 General Election Results

Appendix C: Benjamin Harrison’s Inaugural Address, March 4, 1889

Notes

Bibliographic Essay

Index

Editorial Reviews

"First-rate political history. Expertly written by a leading Gilded Age authority ... this accessible volume ... offers more than historical narrative and analysis. . . . Calhoun has made a vital contribution to the understanding of the Gilded Age."—Journal of the Gilded Age and the Progressive Era

"A finely crafted examination of one of the late nineteenth century’s most underappreciated campaigns. . . . The author makes a strong argument that the Republican Benjamin Harrison’s campaign pointed the way toward GOP dominance of American politics in the early twentieth century."—Journal of American History

"A satisfying fix for political junkies and a worthwhile history lesson for anyone interested in that least studied American era, the Gilded Age."—Wall Street Journal

“A masterwork of mature scholarship—beautifully written, carefully researched, and finely argued. Calhoun evocatively locates the fascinating campaign of 1888 in both the context of Gilded Age society and the disappointing reality of our contemporary politics.”—Michael McGerr, author of A Fierce Discontent: The Rise and Fall of the Progressive Movement in America, 1870–1920

“This contest and its stunning outcome have awaited a historian of Charles W. Calhoun’s stature to do it justice. This election did indeed matter greatly, and in the capable hands of Calhoun, its significance is now made clear.”—John M. McCardell Jr., author of The Idea of a Southern Nation

From the Publisher