| Preface | xiii |
| Acknowledgements | xv |
Chapter 1 | Introduction | 1 |
| Notes | 2 |
Chapter 2 | Scope and Structure of the Book | 3 |
Chapter 3 | Key Factors Affecting the Development of Mobile Communications Systems | 5 |
3.1 | Spectrum and Spectrum Management | 5 |
3.2 | Technology | 8 |
3.3 | Regulatory Policy | 8 |
3.4 | Standards and Standard-Setting Bodies | 9 |
3.4.1 | Definitions | 9 |
3.4.2 | Standard-Setting Bodies | 10 |
3.4.3 | The Purpose of Standards | 14 |
3.5 | Manufacturers | 14 |
3.6 | System Operator | 15 |
3.7 | Service Provider | 17 |
| Notes | 17 |
Chapter 4 | The Basic Technological Concepts of Mobile Communications Systems | 21 |
4.1 | Terminology | 21 |
4.2 | First and Second Generation Mobile Communications Systems | 23 |
4.2.1 | Cellular Radio | 23 |
4.2.2 | Private and Public Mobile Radio | 28 |
4.2.3 | Mobile-Radio Data Networks | 30 |
4.2.4 | Radio Paging | 30 |
4.2.5 | Cordless Telephony | 32 |
4.3 | Third Generation Mobile Communications Systems | 37 |
4.3.1 | Personal Communications Networks | 37 |
4.3.2 | Advanced Mobile Communications Systems | 38 |
| Notes | 45 |
Chapter 5 | Technological Aspects and Terminology of Mobile Communications Systems | 49 |
5.1 | Characteristics of Radio Frequency Spectrum | 49 |
5.1.1 | Frequency | 49 |
5.1.2 | Bandwidth | 51 |
5.1.3 | Bandpass Modulation | 52 |
5.1.4 | Radio-Wave Propagation in Various Wavelength Ranges | 52 |
5.2 | The Fundamentals of Propagation Theory | 55 |
5.3 | Propagation Problems | 59 |
5.3.1 | Specific Propagation Problems | 59 |
5.3.2 | General Propagation Problems | 62 |
5.3.3 | Countermeasures | 66 |
5.4 | Fundamental Design Alternatives for Mobile Communications Systems | 67 |
5.4.1 | Digital versus Analog | 67 |
5.4.2 | Wideband versus Narrowband | 76 |
5.4.3 | Multiplexing/Multiple Access | 79 |
5.5 | The Implication of Cell Size: Macrocells versus Microcells versus Picocells | 80 |
5.6 | Fixed Network Aspects | 82 |
5.6.1 | Mobile Communications Systems and Fixed Network | 82 |
5.6.2 | The Evolution of New Fixed Network Technology | 83 |
5.6.3 | Wireless Communications and the Local Exchange Network | 86 |
5.6.4 | Regulatory Considerations | 89 |
5.7 | Standards and Mobile Communications Systems | 90 |
| Notes | 92 |
Chapter 6 | The International Telecommunications Environment | 99 |
6.1 | A Brief Historical Overview | 99 |
6.2 | The Organizational Structure of the ITU | 101 |
6.2.1 | Periodic Organs | 102 |
6.2.2 | Permanent Organs | 103 |
6.3 | The Changing Role of the ITU | 105 |
6.3.1 | The Changing Internal and External Environment | 105 |
6.3.2 | GATT and Telecommunications Services | 106 |
6.3.3 | The Future of International Standard Making | 108 |
6.3.4 | Spectrum Management--WARC 1992 | 111 |
| Notes | 113 |
Chapter 7 | The Mobile Communications Environment in the United States | 117 |
7.1 | Political Environment | 117 |
7.2 | Regulatory Environment | 118 |
7.2.1 | The Regulation of the Telephone System | 118 |
7.2.2 | The Federal Radio Regulation | 127 |
7.2.3 | U.S. Telecommunications Standards | 139 |
| Notes | 143 |
Chapter 8 | Survey and Analysis of Second-Generation U.S. Mobile Communications Systems | 149 |
8.1 | Cellular Mobile Radio Systems | 149 |
8.1.1 | Regulatory Aspects | 149 |
8.1.2 | The Cellular Survey | 156 |
8.1.3 | Market Aspects | 157 |
8.1.4 | Technological Aspects | 168 |
8.1.5 | Second-Generation Cellular Mobile-Telephone Systems | 173 |
8.1.6 | Conclusion | 182 |
8.2 | Private Land-Mobile Radio | 183 |
8.2.1 | Regulatory Aspects | 183 |
8.2.2 | Market Aspects | 187 |
8.2.3 | Technical Aspects | 191 |
8.2.4 | Critical Industry Developments | 192 |
8.2.5 | Conclusion | 194 |
8.3 | Mobile Radio Data Networks | 194 |
8.4 | Paging Systems | 195 |
8.4.1 | Regulatory Aspects | 195 |
8.4.2 | Market Aspects | 196 |
8.4.3 | Technical Aspects | 197 |
8.4.4 | Critical Industry Developments | 200 |
8.5 | Cordless Telephony | 200 |
8.5.1 | Introduction | 200 |
8.5.2 | General Regulatory and Technical Aspects | 201 |
8.5.3 | Cordless Telephones | 202 |
8.5.4 | Wireless Private-Branch Exchanges | 204 |
8.5.5 | Wireless Local Area Networks | 205 |
8.6 | Evaluation of Second-Generation Mobile Communications System | 206 |
8.6.1 | Summary of Second-Generation Systems Services | 206 |
8.6.2 | Intersystem Competition of Second-Generation Systems | 212 |
8.6.3 | Gap Analysis | 213 |
| Notes | 215 |
Chapter 9 | The Evolution of Personal Communications Services in the U.S. | 225 |
9.1 | Regulatory Aspects | 225 |
9.1.1 | The FCC and Personal Communications Services | 225 |
9.1.2 | Spectrum Allocation Options | 227 |
9.1.3 | Experimental Licenses | 229 |
9.1.4 | Personal Communications Services and WARC 1992 | 231 |
9.2 | A Multidimensional PCS Framework | 232 |
9.3 | Evolving Personal Communications Systems Concepts | 240 |
9.3.1 | General Model of Communications System Development | 240 |
9.3.2 | Alternative Development Scenarios | 242 |
9.3.3 | Integrated and Enhanced Communications Scenarios | 244 |
9.4 | Discussion and Conclusions | 245 |
| Notes | 248 |
Chapter 10 | The Mobile Communications Environment in Europe | 255 |
10.1 | Political Environment | 255 |
10.2 | The European Telecommunications Policy | 257 |
10.2.1 | Introduction | 257 |
10.2.2 | The Liberalization of the EC Telecommunications Market | 257 |
10.2.3 | Mobile Communications and Fixed Network Access | 264 |
10.2.4 | The European Spectrum Management | 268 |
10.2.5 | European Telecommunications Standards | 270 |
| Notes | 272 |
Chapter 11 | Survey and Analysis of Second-Generation European Mobile Communications Systems | 277 |
11.1 | Cellular Mobile Radio Systems | 277 |
11.1.1 | Analog Cellular Mobile Telephone Systems | 277 |
11.1.2 | GSM--Digital Cellular Mobile Telephone System | 286 |
11.1.3 | Conclusion | 293 |
11.2 | Public Mobile Radio | 295 |
11.2.1 | Regulatory Aspects | 295 |
11.2.2 | Market Aspects | 298 |
11.2.3 | Technological Aspects | 300 |
11.3 | Mobile Radio Data Networks | 301 |
11.4 | Paging Systems | 301 |
11.4.1 | National Paging Systems | 301 |
11.4.2 | Multinational Paging Systems | 302 |
11.4.3 | Market Aspects | 305 |
11.4.4 | Technical Aspects | 305 |
11.5 | Cordless Technology | 307 |
11.5.1 | First-Generation Cordless Standards | 307 |
11.5.2 | Second-Generation Technical Standards--CT2, Telepoint, and DECT | 308 |
11.5.3 | The Cordless Standard Debate | 310 |
11.5.4 | The Cordless-Based Communications Concept | 311 |
11.5.5 | Wireless Private-Branch Exchange | 311 |
11.5.6 | Wireless Local Area Network | 313 |
11.6 | Evaluation of Second-Generation Mobile Communications Systems | 314 |
11.6.1 | Summary of Second-Generation Systems Services | 314 |
11.6.2 | Intersystem Competition of Second-Generation Systems | 318 |
| Notes | 320 |
Chapter 12 | The Evolution of Personal Communications Systems in Europe | 325 |
12.1 | Introduction | 325 |
12.2 | Evolving Personal Communications Systems Concepts | 325 |
12.2.1 | Cordless-Based PCN Development Scenario | 326 |
12.2.2 | Cellular-Based PCN Development Scenario | 328 |
12.2.3 | Evaluation of Cordless-Based PCNs | 331 |
12.3 | Alternative Development Scenario | 337 |
12.4 | PCN and the Universal Mobile Telecommunications Services | 339 |
| Notes | 340 |
Chapter 13 | Comparison and Conclusion | 343 |
13.1 | Regulatory Environment in the U.S. and Europe | 343 |
13.2 | Technologies and Markets in the U.S. and Europe | 350 |
13.2.1 | First- and Second-Generation Land-Mobile Communications Systems | 350 |
13.2.2 | Third-Generation Land-Mobile Communications Systems | 355 |
13.3 | Conclusion | 357 |
| Notes | 363 |
| Appendix | 365 |
| List of Acronyms | 391 |
| Bibliography | 397 |
| Index | 411 |