Organic Matter and Mineralisation: Thermal Alteration, Hydrocarbon Generation and Role in Metallogenesis / Edition 1

by M. V. Glikson, M. Mastalerz

Overview

This book demonstrates the direct link between petroleum, the derivative of organic materials, and ore bodies. The studies reported here highlight the common factors between hydrocarbons and mineral concentrations, such as heat sources, migration routes and likely traps. It emphasizes the role that hydrothermal processes play in the genesis of both petroleum generation and ore-grade mineralization. The presence of oil residue in the form of bitumen and pyrobitumen in all sediment-hosted ore bodies throughout the geological record is a testimony to their common diagenetic history. Studies of active hydrothermal systems reported in this book describe the processes and derivatives in these environments, linking hydrocarbon generation and mineral precipitation. A comparison with residual oil in many ore bodies and mineralization occurrences in the geological record, as depicted in this book, can be explained in terms of processes in active hydrothermal systems.
One of the most interesting and challenging recent discoveries, that of living nano-bacteria, is reported in this book. The 'nanobes', as they have recently been dubbed, have been suggested as the link between the living and non-living matter. The resemblance of these nano-organisms to fossil forms observed in a Martian meteorite have been reported recently in the media. Likewise the similarity to nano-bacteria in Archaean sediments is highlighted in two chapters of the book.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780412733307
Publisher:	Springer Netherlands
Publication date:	01/31/2000
Edition description:	2000
Pages:	454
Product dimensions:	6.10(w) x 9.17(h) x (d)

Table of Contents

Introduction: ‘Soft-rock’ petroleum-type approach to exploration for ‘hard-rock’ minerals in sedimentary basins.- I: Processes and Indicators in Organic—Metal Interaction.- 1 Alteration and migration processes of organic matter in hydrothermal systems and implications for metallogenesis.- 2 Paragenesis of gold- and hydrocarbon-bearing fluids in gold deposits.- 3 Trace elements and Sr isotopic composition of waters from the Great Artesian Basin of Australia: Implications for the formation of ore deposits and hydrocarbon resources.- II: Proterozoic Organic—Metal Interactions.- 4 Nature of organic matter in the early Proterozoic, earliest life forms and metal associations.- 5 Organic and mineral matter in a Precambrian shungite deposit from Karelia, Russia.- 6 Influence of basin fill architecture on fluid flow and ore genesis in the Mount Isa Basin, Northern Australia.- 7 Metallogenesis and hydrocarbon generation in northern Mount Isa Basin, Australia; Implications for ore grade mineralization.- III: Palaeozoic: Hydrothermal Systems and Sediment-Hosted Ore Bodies.- 8 Volcanic and post-volcanic hydrothermal activity in the Intrasudetic Basin, SW Poland: Implications for mineralization.- 9 Organic matter and metal enrichment in black shales of the Illinois Basin, USA.- 10 Organic matter from Zechstein copper deposits (Kupferschiefer) in Poland.- 11 Metalloporphyrin composition and a model for the early diagenetic mineralization of the Permian Kupferschiefer, SW Poland.- 12 The carbonate-hosted base-metal sulphide Polaris deposit in the Canadian Arctic: Organic matter alteration and clay diagenesis.- 13 Nature and source of carbonate mineralization in Bowen Basin coals, Eastern Australia.- 14 Minerals in coal.- 15 Mineralization in eastern Australia coals: Afunction of oil generation and primary migration.- IV: Mesozoic to Recent.- 16 Implications of hydrocarbons in gold-bearing epithermal systems: Selected examples from the Canadian Cordillera.- 17 The association of gold—mercury mineralization and hydrocarbons in the coastal ranges of northern California.- 18 Thermal history of selected sedimentary basins in an island arc: evidence from organic matter and fluid inclusions.- 19 Nannobacteria, fiction or fact?.- V.- 20 Summary and Future Directions.