Organic Xenobiotics and Plants: From Mode of Action to Ecophysiology / Edition 1

by Peter Schrïder, Christopher D. Collins

Overview

Natural and agro-ecosystems are frequently exposed to natural or synthetic substances, which, while they have no direct nutritional value or significance in metabolism, may negatively affect plant functioning. These, xenobiotics, may originate from both natural (fires, volcano eruptions, soil or rock erosion, biodegradation) and anthropogenic (air and soil pollution, herbicides) sources. And, while affected plants have only a limited number of possibilities for avoiding accumulation of these compounds, they do exhibit several enzymatic reactions for detoxification including oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis and conjugation reactions. In agro-ecosystems in particular these mechanisms have great significance in relation to herbicide detoxification and tolerance. In this volume an international group of experts present an overview of the nature and distribution of organic xenobiotics, including their uptake, effects on plant functioning and detoxification mechanisms. The particular significance of glutathione S-transferases in bio-indication and bio-monitoring, and in the detoxification of volatile organic air pollutants and herbicides is evaluated, and their potential significance in phytoremediation and bioaccumulation will be discussed. This volume will be of interest to a wide audience, from graduate students to senior researchers in a wide range of disciplines including plant ecology, plant biochemistry, agriculture and environmental management. It will also be of practical interest to environmentalists, policy makers and resource managers.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9789048198511
Publisher:	Springer Netherlands
Publication date:	11/08/2010
Series:	Plant Ecophysiology , #8
Edition description:	2011
Pages:	311
Product dimensions:	6.30(w) x 9.20(h) x 0.90(d)

Table of Contents

Part I Principles of Transport, Deposition and Uptake

Plant Uptake of Xenobiotics Chris D. Collins Ian Martin William Doucette 3

Haloorganics in Temperate Forest Ecosystems: Sources, Transport and Degradation Nicholas Clarke Milan Gryndler Hans-Holger Liste Reiner Schroll Peter Schröder Miroslav Matucha 17

Semivolatiles in the Forest Environment: The Case of PAHs Claudio A. Belis Ivo Offenthaler Peter Weiss 47

Part II Case Studies

A Case Study: Uptake and Accumulation of Persistent Organic Pollutants in Cucurbitaceae Species András Bittsánszky Gábor Gullner Gábor Gyulai Tamas Komives 77

Trichloroacetic Acid in the Forest Ecosystem Miroslav Matucha Peter Schröder 87

Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in Switzerland Related to Long-Range Transboundary Transport - Results of a Case Study with Special Emphasis on the Spatial Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic and Chlorinated Air Borne Pollutants Rolf Herzig Christoph Bieri Andreas Weber Peter Straehl 105

Part III Pollutant Degradation and Ecosystem Remediation from Enzymes to Whole Plants

New Perspectives on the Metabolism and Detoxification of Synthetic Compounds in Plants Robert Edwards David P. Dixon Ian Cummins Melissa Brazier-Hicks Mark Skipsey 125

Using Plants to Remove Foreign Compounds from Contaminated Water and Soil Jean-Paul Schwitzguébel Valérie Page Susete Martins-Dias Luísa C. Davies Galina Vasilyeva Elena Strijakova 149

Biodegradation of Organic Xenobiotic Pollutants in the Rhizosphere Hassan Azaizeh Paula M.L. Castro Petra Kidd 191

Bioindicators and Biomonitors: Use of Organisms to Observe the Influence of Chemicals on the Environment Bernd Markert Simone Wünschmann 217

SAR Based Computational Models as Decision Making Tools in Bioremediation Nick Price Qasim Chaudhry 237

State-of-the-Art Chemical Analyses: Xenobiotics, Plant Proteomics, and Residues in Plant Based Products Touradj Solouki Mohammad Ali Khalvati Mahsan Miladi Behrooz Zekavat 261

Index 307